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Honor, acceptance, survival, these words convey the motives that Afghan women experience as a bacha posh. The Underground Girls of Kabul, revolves around the use of bacha posh to pose as boys in Afghan society. This supposedly practical solution for Afghan girls comes with benefits for not only her, but for her family as well. However, after their experiences as bacha posh, these women realize the disadvantages they face in their social and psychological being. Nordberg’s accounts on the practice of bacha posh exposes the benefits and disadvantages that leave a psychological and social impact on women who were once bacha posh.
The novel focuses on multiple women and their experiences with the practice of bacha posh. The first woman presented
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Sakina is an example of a psychological disadvantage, because she explains that how she feels about becoming a woman is that “she was not unhappy. The right word might be confused.” (Pg. 131), because of how she grew up as a boy. An example of psychological effect is seen in Part Two, which looks into the life of Zahra, and how her attempt of being a bacha posh affects her femininity or lack of femininity. It is noted that throughout the novel that in Zahra’s case, “the experience of a bacha posh also begins to leave a more permanent mark when a girl goes through puberty as a boy,” (Pg. 147) because of how she understands the restricted lives of Afghan women. Zahra’s point of view on her refusal of reverting back to a female shows how “any potential empowering effects of living on the other side seemed to be preserved in an adult woman only if her time as a boy is brief,” (Pg. 147). Another example of a negative psychological effect is when the novel focuses on Shukria, and how she always saw herself as failure of being a woman. After her divorce, she says “first I was a man and then a woman, and now I will be a divorced woman,” (Pg. 260), confirming her belief of failing as a woman. This is also a negative social consequence for Shukria because in Afghan society, “a divorcée is a fallen woman, who loses all privileges
Rumors spread to Najmah that “woman wearing henna on their fingertips had their fingers chopped off”(Staples 12). When Najmah heard the clink of bangles under a woman’s burqa and the click of her heels on the pavement, the sound created an unsettling sensation within her. Suddenly, Najmah recalled how the “Taliban would whip women whose shoes made a sound on paving stones (Staples 180).” She wanted to warn the woman, for her mother had told her that “women risk their lives by hiding their jewelry” (Staples 180). As for Nusrat, notwithstanding the fact that she just moved to Pakistan not long ago, she was extremely vigilant and prudent when the Taliban was around. One time, a servant of Nusrat’s disappeared. Nusrat sent someone to search for her and discovered that “she had been badly beaten and was held without charges” (Staples 99). From this incident, the unfair treatment towards women helped Nusrat to learn more about the Taliban’s rules in Pakistan. Given the facts above, it is very apparent that Taliban’s cruelty toward women is depicted precisely and vividly through the different stories of two
The society of the Taliban is almost a polar opposite of that in the United States. The group looks at women as having little to no rights and believes that their holy book, the Quran, gives reasoning to the roles of women as virtually sexual objects in their society. Their political leaders were not elected into their positions, but took them by force. It operates fifteen courts of law in Southern Afghanistan in the...
Within Afghanistan, there is a hidden subculture of bacha posh. A bacha posh is a girl who, usually at her family’s insistence, dresses and acts like a man. In Jenny Nordberg’s novel The Underground Girls of Kabul, the practice of creating, being, and transitioning from a bacha posh is explored. Nordberg interviews many women who were or are bacha posh, along with professionals, as she tries to discover why such a practice exists, and how it can survive in such a patriarchal society. Nordberg also explores the potential feminist motives behind this practice. Afghanistan and its culture is a mystery to many western societies, it is for this reason that it is imperative that we understand why this behavior is needed and how if affects the society as a whole. There are positives and negatives to every situation, including bacha posh, and it is important that the world understands both parts of the practice that is known as bacha posh because this tradition causes more harm to the society than good.
This is a system of allocating more social power and social status to men. For Afghanistan this is true. Although this was the case during the time period in which this book was written, it did not seem to deter Kamila or her family members. She was raised in a household that whether you were male or female, you worked for a education. All of the Sidiqi girls were going to make something of themselves and Kamila never let outside influences change that. Once the Taliban took over, Kamila did have to abide by the rules of wearing a chadri and her whole life changed in an instant. The Taliban thought they pushed every last women down, but little did they know. Kamila had no other choice but to follow the rules of the Taliban or she would put herself and her family at risk. Another aspect that was discussed in class was self-presentation. Self-presentation is acting out a self in response to the expectations of others. These expectations were that of the Taliban. Kamila knew the expectations of women were outrageous but when under the eyes of the Taliban, Kamila became what they wanted her to be. Kamila had to live with the fact that the Taliban felt entitled. Entitlement is feeling deserving of social or capital goods and benefits. The Taliban raided her homeland and she had to come to terms with the fact that these men thought very little of women. Kamila listened to their rules completely until she
Lila Abu-Lughod’s article titled, “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?” takes a closer look at the problematic ethnocentric approach many have when trying to gain an understanding of another culture that may be foreign to that individual. In this analytical paper, Lughod looks at women in Islam, specifically the treatment of women and how it might be utilized as a justification for invading into a country and liberating its people. The country Lughod refers to in her article is Afghanistan, and Lughod points out the misunderstanding from the people to the Bush administration like First Lady Laura Bush who believed that intervention was necessary to free women from the captivity of their own homes. It is important to consider the role that different lenses play into all of this, especially when one’s lenses are being shaped by the media. Depictions of covered women secluded from society leave a permanent image in the minds of many, who would then later support the idea of liberation. This paper will discuss that the practice of using propaganda when referring to the lifestyle in the Middle East is not exclusive to the U.S; rather it has been utilized throughout history. Additionally, we will take a closer look on the importance of symbols, such as veils in this case; help to further emphasize the cause to liberate. Finally, we will analyze Lughod’s plea towards cultural relativism and away from liberal imperialism.
The United States is a developed country that people are lucky to be able to live in. In the past however, not everyone was given the same rights. Through legislation and even war, people have fought for change so that we could live in the world that we live in today. Similarly, in Afghanistan people are fighting for their rights everyday. They have been through war and oppression to reach their goals of the freedoms that every person deserves. In this country, women and children are restricted from rights that every person deserves, though they have revolutionized into a country that is somewhat better than it was in the past, they can improve marginally.
According to Malalai Joya’s biography, Afghan women are much more limited in carrying out their agency than Western women. This is due to the interpretation of the Islamic law by the Taliban, and the fact that the warlords supporting their views were put into power by the US government. Agency is understood as the power people have to think for themselves and carry out actions to create the path of their own lives. The agency of women varies throughout countries around the world depending on a range of circumstances, but all women have the ability to think for themselves and have the knowledge to fight for their rights. When considering the circumstances in Afghanistan, the US government’s actions established an identity of the Afghan women
Women in America do not have to worry about a terrorist group coming and taking their rights away. They have a government that protects them from these groups and makes sure they have the same rights as others. In the Middle East, especially Afghanistan and Pakistan, women are scared to speak too loudly. These women live in fear each day of their lives because if they make one small mistake it could mean their life. Yet, there are some people who are fighting for women’s rights, especially women’s education. Malala Yousafzai is a girl who fought for women’s education. At the age of eleven, Malala began writing a blog for BBC Urdu. The blog described how she was upset that women’s education under the Taliban would be forced to stop. Malala also appeared on national television talking about women’s education. She has become a symbol of resistance against the Taliban. Even after Malala was put on the Taliban’s hit list, she continues to speak out about what she felt needed to be said. Malala would give her life for this cause, and she almost did. On October 9, 2012, Malala was on her way home from her morning classes when a man walked on to her bus and asked, “Who is Malala”. When she said it was her he shot her. The bullets hit her head and her leg. The Taliban ordered for her to be shot because she was promoting western culture in Pashtun areas. In another case Mukhtar Mai stood up for women’s rights and was sexually assaulted by multiple men with orders from the tribal council. The tradition in Mukhtar’s tribe was that a woman who is sexually assaulted by multiple men should kill herself, but instead of committing suicide she fought for her cause (Samira 28-30). Although the Taliban restricts women’s education for religious reaso...
Islam has influenced many cultures around the world. For centuries, Islam has had an immense influence on the Afghan culture. According to this religion, women have no rights. The men took advantage of this system by translating only what they wanted from the Koran; to enslave the women in our culture for their own desires. From the beginning, the women on no account had any civil rights or have power over their own lives, and most were uneducated and had accepted what their teachers taught in schools and mosques. My family moved to the US when the Russians invaded Afghanistan. I thank god to be one of the lucky women who did not have to live in Afghanistan and for giving me a better place to live in America. Unfortunately, this was not the case for the majority of the Afghan women. Under the cruel Taliban government the women were banned to work, and were not allowed outside their homes without being escorted by a man. The film Osama, inspired by a true story, is about Osama, a young girl who did lived in Kabul while the Taliban regime. Through Osama's story, I had a chance to see what it was like to live in Afghanistan as a woman. This is a story of a girl whose faith was in the hands of many different people: her family, the Taliban soldiers, and the city judge. Osama and I have different lives on different continents; however, we both could have had more rights and better life if we were born men.
Lerch, Bethany. "Women and the Future of Afghanistan." WSJ. The Walls Street Journal, 08 July 2015. Web. 07 Oct. 2016.
Print. The. "Society and Norms-Gender Roles: Women." Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. N.p., n.d. Web. The Web.
In order to fully appreciate and understand what is conveyed through the songs of these women, one must understand the historical, social and political context in which they are living. Afghan women have lived and continue to live in an oppressive patriarchal society where they are not even regarded as full fledged citizens, and where men control all political, social and economic powers. In the Saur Revolution in April 1978, civil war in...
The book A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini explores a vast bouquet of attributes through the characters, many of which must learn from the adversaries and trials Afghanistan faces in the late twentieth century. One such character is Mariam. From the time she was five, she grew up believing she was a harami, a bastard child who was illegitimate in the world. Because of the witty banter and angry comments made by her mother, Mariam believed she did not deserve anything life had to offer. These feelings pressed even deeper when Mariam’s father sent her away from her small village to Kabul to live with an abusive, controlling man named Rasheed. Thus, through Mariam’s attributes as a selfless, motherly, and surviving woman, she unlocked courage embedded inside herself.
The Afghan Girl photograph is taken from the shoulders up, the girl is looking directly into the camera with a tattered, red scarf draped around her top half: head and shoulders.This head covering marks that the girl is of Middle-Eastern descent and likely has an Islamic background. The tears in her scarf, along with its sooty look, indicate she has been through quite a lot and may come from a impecunious family. The unkempt look of the girl cause the viewer to feel the need to come to her aid - to support her. A scar, likely from a previous injury, has left a mark on her nose.The girl’s dark brown hair is tucked away under her scarf with a single strand over her left eye. Her skin is tanned and a few blemishes indicate it is dirty. The green background makes her green eyes appear very
The Women of the Middle East have played substantial roles for their corresponding countries since the advent of colonialism in the region. Middle Eastern women have worked in all types of fields including medicine, education, agriculture, government, private sector, and even defense. They have kept roofs over their family’s heads while their husbands were away in wars, or even in foreign countries to work in jobs that they could not find in their own countries. The roles of women in the countries of Yemen and Oman are no exception, but while they still find ways to contribute to their country, they care constantly stereotyped, discriminated, and ridiculed by men who are known and unknown to them. This paper will discuss the individual contributions of the women living in Yemen and Oman, and will discuss in further state laws and cultural norms that are affecting the women living in these countries today.