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Three modes of persuasion
Marketing objectives of dove
Persuasion process
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Introduction
In June 2013, Dove, a personal care brand, launched a feel-good campaign that would unite 300 American military families for Father's Day. Dove's feel-good campaign included a commercial that acquainted viewers with Staff Sargent John Gallagher, one of the 300 Father's reunited with their families as part of the marketing campaign Dove's Men + Care Mission: Care.
Dove's Men + Care Mission: Care campaign is a strong example of the application of the ELM persuasion technique as it satiates the need for cognition using video marketing that beguiles sympathy (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986). These types of campaigns, which extract vicarious sympathy, have become a trademark for Dove; with their uplifting messages that aim to convince consumers' of their personal power to change the world through their agreement to use Dove's brand personal care products.
Dove's Men + Care Mission: Care utilizes the Elaboration Likelihood Mode of persuasion as part of their strategy to increase profit margins. In Persuasion: Reception and Responsibility, Joseph Scudder explains the function of the Elaboration Likelihood Mode (ELM) is to persuade viewers that a message is not only relevant, but consistent with the viewers ideas. According to Scudder, the primary elements of ELM that influence persuasion are motivation and cognitive ability. Further, Petty and Cacioppo conclude there are two “routes” in the ELM; peripheral and central.
Central Route
The ELM of persuasion is comprised of two routes for attitude change: central and peripheral. The central route of persuasion is composed of higher-level processes that are responsible for decision making (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986). These higher-level processes include analyz...
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...aign demonstrates implementation of the ELM by using elements of motivation and cognitive processing that demonstrate both the central and peripheral routes. Dove's Men + Care Mission: Care Campaign's seductive social message is centralized on creating an image of family and caring, and subsequently power to improve lives. Dove wants the audience to use cognitive processing to sympathize with Staff Sargent John Gallagher and his family, while simultaneously thinking about the brand shaped through a manufactured halo effect. The ELM of persuasion suggests that viewers who sympathize with an advertisers message are more likely to accept the arguments, therefore, Dove's Care campaign forces viewers to accept the message that Dove's personal care brand is about family and that purchasing their products serves families the way Staff Sargent John Gallagher serves his.
Almost every commercial uses Pathos, an appeal to emotions, to convince the viewer that their product is the best choice for them. The use of Pathos enables the persuader to reach out to the audience in a subconscious or even unconscious level. Emotion creates a bond with the viewer and the advertiser. Liberty Mutual commercials convince us that they provide the best coverage and benefits, such as 24 hour road side assistance and easy repair estimates. In particular, their commercials stand out as as one who uses humor and fear, and then provides reassurance to coax us to chose their insurance over others.
Advertisements often employ many different methods of persuading a potential consumer. The vast majority of persuasive methods can be classified into three modes. These modes are ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos makes an appeal of character or personality. Pathos makes an appeal to the emotions. And logos appeals to reason or logic. This fascinating system of classification, first invented by Aristotle, remains valid even today. Let's explore how this system can be applied to a modern magazine advertisement.
There are three methods of persuasion when speaking or writing to an audience: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos. Ethos uses a type of socially recognized authority as its voice. Logos uses logic and reasoning as its tool. Lastly, Pathos uses emotional attachment. For instance, the advertising industry primarily utilizes Ethos and Pathos reasoning and qualities, particularly a Matthew Mcconaughey Lincoln Motor Company commercial, and a Safe driving bonus check Ally Insurance commercial.
emotions. Sut Jhally describes ads as "the dream life of our culture" and explains the persuasive
Dove addressed a prominent issue in young girls’ lives today by their use of kairos. Through ethos, Dove develops a strong ethical appeal to their audience. The commercial would not be impactful without the use of pathos to appeal to the audience's emotion. The use of logos gives an argument and a solution to the self-esteem issue. Although the Dove Self-Esteem Project commercial does have native advertising that sells their product indirectly and commits many fallacies, the ethical and emotional appeal in the commercial makes the project not only relatable, but
Kerbel, Matthew R. (1993). An Empirical Test of the Role of Persuasion in the Exercise of
This technique is commonly broken into three categories: pathos, ethos, and logos. The multi-billion-dollar company, Nike, is one of many companies that utilizes these techniques to not only sell their products, but present their values and morals as an athletic company. Nike’s, “If you let me play,” ad is a perfect example of a print advertisement that encompasses all three persuasion techniques. The ad has emotional appeal, using pathos to evoke feelings of strength and positivity in young girls and their parents urging them to embrace sports and physical activities. Ethos is a fairly simple persuasive technique for Nike to utilize due to their overwhelming success and popularity. With such a large company, it is easy to establish unspoken credibility. In order to establish further credibility, there are statistics and claims based on logical reasoning that exemplify an advertisement using logos to help the target audience understand exactly what Nike is striving to communicate. Through capitalizing on these persuasive techniques, Nike not only successfully promoted their female athletic apparel, but also educated the public on the importance of empowering young girls and encouraging them to participate in sports and physical activities for the overall betterment of their lives mentally, physically, and
In persuasion, the Mere Exposure Theory, the Dissonance Theory, and the Social Judgment Theory are used. Each of these theories of persuasion explains why it works or does not work in any specific setting. Depending on the theory, certain means of applying these theories can be successful or unsuccessful. The Mere Exposure Theory of persuasion states that people will be persuaded simply by repeated exposure. (G.Magee,
The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion is a theory of persuasion that focuses on how the audience interprets logic, evidence, reasoning, and other factors of the speaker or speech. Direct and indirect routes are both methods that contribute to the ELM approach. Direct persuasion route requires giving the audience arguments and evidence to make them think about how a product is a necessity to them, such as gas that can make a car go faster, food that can make a person meet his or her weight loss goals, or insurance that can give practical help to someone who needs it. Indirect persuasion is the usage of other tactics that appeal to the audience without them necessarily realizing it. The audience can use their intuition to be drawn in by a speaker’s charm, a catchy jingle, or a picture of a celebrity using the
Since the early 2000s, Dove has invested millions of dollars into creating advertisements targeting women who lack the understanding of their everyday beauty. They have invested and partnered with Boys & Girls Club of America, Girls Scouts, and Girls Inc. in hopes of making a difference in society (Huffington) . Their goal is to empower women to understand that they are beautiful in their own individual way. That in order for females in society to find themselves attractive they must first find the beauty in themselves and gain confidence in themselves in order for the future generations to do so as well. In this article I will be arguing that Dove is making a positive difference in the female community with their advertisements. Advertisements
Persuasion is a process by which the persuader, through communication, gains the approval or support for the topic (Let's Compare Motivate and Persuade, 2013). The arguments to motivate this change in thinking comes through careful use of rhetoric, but one must also be able to define the six principles of persuasion in social psychology: “Reciprocity, Scarcity, Authority, Commitment and Consistency, Consensus, and Liking” (McLean, 2010, p. 521) and be able to recognize them as they are taking place. Then, one must carefully apply these concepts in order to find the means to effectively facilitate persuasion (p. 518).
In the most advantageous of cases this model suggests that a receiver “considers the content of the persuasive message carefully and has favorable thoughts about the content” (Enfante, Rancer & Avtgis, 2010, p. 172). When receivers engage in cognitive thinking, they participate in the type of persuasion the authors call the “central route” (Enfante, Rancer & Avtgis, 2010, p. 172). Under the central route, the receiver employs positive feelings towards whatever the source is saying and then in turn acts or forms attitudes based off of the positive thoughts. Thus they interact thoughtfully with the information the source is attempting to get across.
Wood, W. (2000). Attitude change: Persuasion and social influence.. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1), 539.
Every day in our life's we are persuaded to make choices. Persuasion is a very
Advertisement is a form of communication that is intended to persuade consumers or a target audience to purchase or to accept the ideas, products or services. In this advertising, Axe uses the power of persuasion, such as attractive women, style, and images which are the key ideas to the product and fragrance to conjure the consumers’ behavior of the perceived images of the product. Axe was originally created in France in 1983 by a company named Unilever and sold in the United States in 2002, and is now the leader of men’s grooming markets. The brand is focused toward gender and the age of the customer. Its market strategy is aimed at males from their teens to their twenties appealing to a new life style product that would increase their luck with the ladies. Axe deodorant ads gives you the apparent need to smell and feel good, but the means of feeling good is mainly through increased sex appeal. This ad assumes that all males buy deodorant solely for the purpose of getting women, and if you do certain things, like buy this product, then all women will be all over you.