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Albert bandura’s social learning theory essay
Albert bandura’s social learning theory essay
Albert bandura’s social learning theory essay
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It is important to understand that people are not born being homophobic. Just like how we learn different values and beliefs we can also learn how to show hate towards another group of people. As previously stated Albert Bandura social learning theory states that people only learn through observation of the environment around them. (Bandura, 1977) Being homophobic means that an individual or a group of individuals have a strong dislike of or prejudice towards homosexuals. Like most human behaviors homophobia can be learned through modeling. If a child is exposed to different outlets for homophobia, such as the media where he/she sees people on television being aggressive towards a man or women for being homosexual than it is more likely for that child to perform the same way towards the same group of people outside of the household. Albert Bandura Bobo doll experiment can explain this further. As we all know depending on the age of a child and the level of aggression the child displayed, …show more content…
People go through life wanting approval from others, whether if it’s from parents, peers, or society it’s a desire that can alternate ones behavior. Reinforcement can either be positive or negative and is mostly external. One of the most prominent places where homophobia is in full action is in an educational setting, because teachers do nothing most of the time to stop other students from bullying one another.(Rainbow Babies 2010) For example, a young man is a hanging out with a group of his friends he mostly share the same views as him. This young makes a derogatory joke about one of his classmates who is homosexual. His friends then laugh at his joke making him feel cool about what he said. Another example of reinforcement is when a child makes a derogatory comment about someone sexuality and the child parents scold him for making that comment in the attempt to get him to see that engaging in that type of behavior is
The article “How Homophobia Hurts Everyone” by Warren J. Blumenfeld describes the effects that homophobia has on all people, not just the person who is homosexual. The article tells the story of two siblings and one thing that stood out to me was “throughout our school years, she was constantly teased for having a ‘faggot’ brother”. In addition to this, she was questioned about her own sexuality and peer pressure, that resulted with her being less close to her brother for her own protection. It is not fair that the author was bullied for being the person that he is, and it is definitely not right that his sister was bullied for who her brother is.
One of the most researched topics in the history of psychology is aggression. One goal of social scientists has been to define aggression. Some believe that aggression is biologically preprogrammed, others look toward situational factors and this study suggests that aggression is learned. This study was conducted by Albert Bandura and his associates in 1961 at Stanford University. The researchers proposed that the children be exposed to adult models with either aggressive or nonaggressive ways, they would then be tested without the models present to determine if they would imitate that aggression they observed in the adult.
Children who were exposed to aggressive model later showed a substantial amount of the model’s physical and verbal aggression. The responses were almost identical to the original behavior. Children who were exposed to non-aggressive models or who had no exposure to any models, rarely produced such responses. The ways that children expressed their aggression in ways which clearly resembled the model’s novel behavior showed strong evidence of learning by imitation.
To be honest, when I had my first encounter with homophobia, I didn’t really understand this hatred. I watched a movie called The Laramie Project. It tells the true story of Matthew Shepard. You may have heard of him. Matthew Shepard was an innocent gay student who was tortured and left to die tied to a fence because of his sexual orientation. I couldn’t comprehend it because until then I had never been exposed to gay culture and therefore I didn’t consider homosexuality a weakness. The thing is, I saw homosexuality as a fact, I didn’t question it, I didn’t attribute certain features or qualities to it. And I still don’t. For me it is merely a part of people’s personal lives. You can imagine how shocked I was when I found out that there were people who thought that the sexual preferences of others affected them. But I wanted to understand, because there must have been some explanation behind this behaviour. So I started reading.
Homophobia has been a problem for a very long time, all across the world. For example, during the Holocaust, in which homosexuals were forced to wear the “Pink Triangle”, a pink, upside down triangle, on his or her coat for identification. Of course, the pattern of homophobia is not only shown throughout world history, but American history as well. For example, sodomy laws, laws that rule certain sexual acts as crimes, were established as early as 1963. The penalty for these laws varied from state to state. Some of the punishments include: two to ten year imprisonments or two thousand dollar fines. The cruelty of these homophobic actions should not be accepted any longer. It encourages bullying, denies human beings their civil rights, and continues to foster a mentality of indifference and intolerance towards our fellow man.
...a. Homophobic behavior can be driven by an individual’s fear, family, religion, culture, political affiliation, societal setting, and personal beliefs. All three articles made suggestions in order to prevent stereotypes and homophobia, and while many people are being educated and changing their beliefs about homosexuality, many more people may never change their beliefs and ideals. Educating people to change their minds takes generations, since many people are not so easily persuaded to think differently. People have been brainwashed to think certain ways. Even though society is beginning to accept homosexuality and homosexuals, society still has not broken the stereotypes associated. Stereotypes today are still prevalent, need to be addressed, and broken so homosexuals can have the same freedoms as heterosexuals and not live in fear of being discriminated against.
“What’s the big whoop?” asks a cute, blonde, elementary school aged boy when his teacher discusses homosexuality. He didn’t understand why people cared who other people loved. Little kids are perfect examples of how society’s negativity towards homosexuality creates homophobia. Children don’t understand why it matters who you love because they don’t see it as a problem and their opinions aren’t clouded by stereotypes. If LGBT issues were taught to these innocent, uninvolved children in elementary school, it would be more likely they would be accepting as they grew up. It is important to present LGBT in a positive light before parents, classmates, and media influence their perceptions.
In Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment, performed in the 1960’s by Dr. Albert Bandura, showed the children a video of an adult hitting, punching, kicking and, moreover general aggression towards the doll. While another group of children viewed an adult, being gentle with the Bobo doll and a control group in which there was no influence towards the doll. Because Dr. Bandura used isolated groups and used unique methods with each group, his research, classified as an experiment as he was manipulating a factor, which was the type of attitude shown to the Bobo doll that the children watched (Myers, 2014). In the begging of the study, there were 72 children, 36 boys and 36 girls, observed at the Stanford University and tested for aggressive behavior
In the rural, Catholic village that I grew up in, there were a total of 3-5 gay people ranging in age from teenagers to adults. When we would go out of town and see a presumed member of the LGBT community, I often heard homophobic comments. Most of the residents in my hometown were born and raised there, for at least two generations. Be it that homosexuality used to be considered a mental illness or the fact that everyone is Catholic, the community was moderately homophobic. This played a large role in the formation of my identity over the next several
The purpose of Chapter two is to review literature related to the major variables within the study. Two literature reviews were conducted. The first literature review examined the retention rates and low standardized test scores on Students taking Middle School Math. This follows the purpose of the conceptual framework, the Keller’s ARCS model(1987). Here, there will be literature related to inform the study that is related to the research design, intervention design, and measurement instruments. Lastly there will be a section on the Conceptual Framework.
It can said that although children are quick to replicate aggression with toys such as a doll, a distinction can be made by children that this is not morally right behaviour to inflict on another child. This therefore questions whether behaviour inflicted on a toy such as the Bobo doll can be used to predict or explain behaviour towards another living being. As Baron (1977) defines aggression as “Behaviour directed towards the goal of harming or injuring another living being who is motivated to avoid such treatment” (p.7). The aggressive acts conducted by the children on the doll fail to meet this definition, not being living or able to avoid the behaviour. As highlighted by Cumberbatch (1990) who notes that those who were unfamiliar with the doll were five times more likely to imitate the aggression they had previously observed than those who had familiarity with the doll. Therefore, a large proportion of the aggression displayed could be interpreted as playing or playfighting, rather than genuine aggression. However, following the criticism of the Bobo doll being made to hit, in one of
These younger children have been taught to judge and hurt those who are “different”. These older opinions on the matter lead to drastic things such as suicide because those who love the same sex do not follow the “norm”. Another way that homosexuals are looked down upon is through the religions of Catholicism and Islam. It is quite known that same-sex marriage and homosexuality is not really allowed in the Catholic religion. Based on the Sacred Scripture, homosexual acts are intrinsically disordered (Vatican “You Shall Love Your Neighbour”).
According to the scientist research, when children see violence, they become to aggressive way and want to destroy it for little pieces.
Baker, Jean M. How Homophobia Hurts Children: Nurturing Diversity at Home, at School, and in the Community. New York: Harrington Park, 2002. Print.
When one hears the words “LGBT” and “Homosexuality” it often conjures up a mental picture of people fighting for their rights, which were unjustly taken away or even the social emergence of gay culture in the world in the 1980s and the discovery of AIDS. However, many people do not know that the history of LGBT people stretches as far back in humanity’s history, and continues in this day and age. Nevertheless, the LGBT community today faces much discrimination and adversity. Many think the problem lies within society itself, and often enough that may be the case. Society holds preconceptions and prejudice of the LGBT community, though not always due to actual hatred of the LGBT community, but rather through lack of knowledge and poor media portrayal.