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Theism and atheism compare and contrast
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What is the Correct Worldview?
One’s worldview is usually dependant on how the particular individual interprets life and its occurrences. Additionally, if one believes something to be so, it will be so to them. It’s all a matter of perception. However, which perspective is truly accurate: Agnosticism, Theism, or Deism? These three worldviews have been the subject of countless debates throughout history and that have yet to be concluded. The purpose of this philosophical essay is to suggest that theism is likely to be considered the correct worldview.
The theistic view states that there is in fact a creator of the universe and he does intervene in our lives. It is more logical to assume that there is a “force” that had to start the whole
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universe. To a theist, interferences of any kind are caused by God. For example, If I was in desperate need of money and I found a 100$ bill lying underneath my car, God put that money there because he knew that I needed it. In the film, Do You Believe? both fortunate and unfortunate events happened and according to the theist characters, it was caused from God. Moreover, all humans have a moral standard and conscience. As a wise philosopher once said, “morality, emotions, and conscience cannot be created out of dust”. Thus, morality is caused by God and without God, morality would be relative rather than absolute. Meaning any random person would be able to invent a moral standard. For instance, someone can make it a moral law that murder is a good thing. Furthermore, morality and conscience appear to be innate; put there by something. Some might claim that agnosticism is more plausible because we cannot know anything for certain.
According to agnostics, there is absolutely no proof of a God and thus, “God” could actually be an existence fabricated from myths. In addition, it is believed that the universe is both ethereal and uncaused by any higher power; it is simply “just there”. Take the Big Bang Theory for example, agnostics claim the universe essentially sprang into existence all on its own and life is merely a series of random processes. Likewise, one could easily ask the question, if God created the universe then who created God? However, some may argue that deism is the most accurate worldview since it is most rationally correct. Many scientists today are actually discovering reasons to believe a God does exist but does not intervene in our daily lives. Philosopher, Antony Flew, was known for being a famous atheist that later took on the deist approach because of how modern science is beginning to “prove” the existence of a creator. Both agnostics and deists agree that there are explanations for mundane happenings and mystical occurrences are merely coincidental. Similarly, if there is a supposedly good God, why is there so much evil and suffering in the world? Why does he not …show more content…
intervene? Despite the arguments that can be used to refute Theism, it should still be considered most plausible since many arguments used by agnostics and deists are quite unreasonable.
First of all, agnostics tend to use emotional arguments rather than rational ones. This is prominent in the film, God’s Not Dead. Professor Raddison was an atheist through and through, which cause him to mistreat his Christian student. Raddison states, “I hate God” and his student, Josh Wheaton relies, “How can you hate someone that doesn’t exist?” Furthermore, for one to claim that the universe simply appeared out of nowhere and was created from nothing, by nothing is extremely flawed reasoning. Agnostics will swear up and down that science is the absolute truth, yet they continue to argue that something can be created from nothing; it is well known that is invalid. Using mathematics, the most accurate branch of science, one can easily disprove that argument. For example, 8 ÷ 0=undefined, meaning it is impossible. This clearly displays that something cannot be created from nothing. Every effect must first have a cause and every existence in our world is the result of a cause that permitted its existence. Such as humans, nobody can zap a baby into existence, it must first be created. In addition, the theistic God is an uncaused God, which many agnostics fail to comprehend. Therefore, according to a theist, God is both antecedent and eternal; he is neither caused nor uncaused. Similar to matter,
that cannot be created or destroyed. Additionally, the universe is designed perfectly; one slight change could actually cause the earth’s destruction. For instance, if planet earth was situated closer to the sun, it would a blazing inferno, prohibiting all life forms. Likewise, the probability of there even being a world that is life sustaining is highly unlikely, yet here we are. How could this be possible if there is no God? Agnostics will often wonder how there could possibly be a presumably good God, if there is evil and mass corruption around the world. The answer is simple, God does not cause evil. Evil is the result of human free will. Mysticism and experiences with the divine completely debunk the deist belief that God does not intervene in our lives because of the several reported cases of the exact opposite. My family and I have had numerous mystical events in our lives, too much to be considered merely coincidental. Whenever I pray for something, it always seems to come true, which shows how God intervenes in my life. Likewise, my dad was a hardcore atheist and would constantly tell me that God did not exist. However, this all changed when he experienced mysticism for himself and essentially felt the presence of God. Lastly, if God did not intervene that would mean there was absolutely no purpose to the universe he created and he, therefore, does not care what happens to it. Why would a God create a universe for no good reason but to watch his creation suffer? One does not create something only to watch its destruction. For instance, any healthy human being would not have a child for the sole purpose of watching it suffer. In conclusion, theism should be considered the most accurate worldview since it is more logical than the other views. There would have to be a God to create the universe and thus, start everything. In addition, if the God did not intervene in our lives that would signify that he honestly does not care about his creation and therefore, essentially wasted his time and energy creating everything. Likewise, there is astounding proof of mysticism and experiences with the divine which appear to refute deism.
In Charles Colson and Nancy Pearcy's essay, "Worldviews in Conflict," the authors evaluate the shifting cultural context of today's society and how Christianity fits into this situation. The essay compares the differing views between Christianity and today's worldview, and informs the reader on how to engage in today's culture. The "Worldviews in Conflict" is a reliable source because its authors, audience, publication, and purpose make it credible.
The Question of God is divided into two parts. The first part, titled: “What Should We Believe” seeks to answer the first half of the questio...
The foundation of a Christian worldview is the belief in a personal God, creator and ruler of the universe. The Christian worldview views the world through God’s word, providing the framework for humanity to live by giving meaning and purpose to life. It defines who Jesus is, human nature, and how salvation is achieved. In essence it is the basis of which Christians behave, interact, interpret life and comprehend reality. A Christian worldview imparts confidence, answers to life’s problems, and hope for the future. In this paper I will discuss the essentials of a Christian worldview and an analysis of the influences, benefits, and difficulties sustaining the Christian faith.
Dr. William Lane Craig supports the idea of existence of God. He gives six major arguments, in order to defend his position. The first argument is quite fare, Craig says that God is the best reason of existence of everything. He gives the idea, that the debates between all the people, cannot reach the compromise, because the best explanation of the reasons of existence of everything is God, and nothing can be explained without taking Him into consideration. The second argument of Craig is from a cosmological point of view: he says that the existence of the universe is the best proof of the existence of God. Because, the process of the creation of the universe is so ideally harmonious, that it seems impossible to appear accidentally. The third argument is about the fine tuning of the universe. The universe is designed in such a way that people always have aim of life, and the life of people and the nature are interconnected. The fourth argument of Dr. Craig is about the morality: God is the best explanation of the existence of the morality and moral values in people’s lives. The...
The problem of reconciling an omnipotent, perfectly just, perfectly benevolent god with a world full of evil and suffering has plagued believers since the beginning of religious thought. Atheists often site this paradox in order to demonstrate that such a god cannot exist and, therefore, that theism is an invalid position. Theodicy is a branch of philosophy that seeks to defend religion by reconciling the supposed existence of an omnipotent, perfectly just God with the presence of evil and suffering in the world. In fact, the word “theodicy” consists of the Greek words “theos,” or God, and “dike,” or justice (Knox 1981, 1). Thus, theodicy seeks to find a sense of divine justice in a world filled with suffering.
H.J McCloskey’s article, “On Being an Atheist,” is an attempt to show atheism as a more practical alternative to the Christian belief. McCloskey reasons against the theistic beliefs of the cosmological argument, the teleological argument and design. He references the presence of evil in a world created by God and the absurdity of living by faith. This article is an attempt to reason that God does not exist because He is perfect and the world is not perfect; evil exists therefore God cannot exist. McCloskey’s article labels these arguments as “proofs” and concludes none of these arguments would be evidence of God’s existence. I find McCloskey’s article to lack logic and coherence which only serves to invalidate his arguments. I find this little more than an attempt to justify his own atheistic worldview.
Throughout our short time on Earth, a very common thought and feeling that many people have is, “What’s out there? Why are we here? What made us?” etc. This natural human tendency to ask these questions lead some people draw conclusions that may or may not be there. A belief I’ve held for years is the atheistic one. Christians, as well as many other moral institutions would refer to an atheist as someone who doesn’t believe in God. Where this may be the case, I feel as though this definition is a lazy and non-intellectual one. Rather I tend to believe that atheism is the lack of a belief in a given higher power. To that, I will reference a quote from Richard Dawkins, “I am an atheist with respect to around 2700 Gods, you (a christian) on the other hand are an atheist with respect to around 2699 Gods.” This is a quintessential and distinguishable difference between the two beliefs, or lack there of. What’s interesting in what Dawkins was saying was that you could infer that with this definition, Christians are statistically about as atheist as atheists are. Now with that being explained, one would start to bring in to frame the probability and the odds that maybe in fact the Christian God is the one real God vs. the chances that maybe another factor has been played into this belief.
The creator can only determine the Christian worldview and the origin of life. As followers of Christ, we believe that in (Genesis 1:1) with just the spoken word, creation was set in place. This view is what theism places as the foundation of a belief in God. In its consistency through out the Bible our origin is displayed in faith and by understanding (Hebrews 11:3).
Agnostics believe that it cannot be known that a God exists, or in some cases, that is currently unable to know if a God exists. So if asked the question; do you believe in God? An agnostic would say ‘I don’t know’. The reasoning behind this is that there is no direct evidence that a God exists, as well no evidence that one doesn’t exist” (Bott,
The Devil’s Delusion: Atheism and Its Scientific Pretensions by David Berlinski uses clever and unique critiques of militant atheism and its devotion to scientism. Ten in depth chapters shed light on the dogmatic stance of many of today’s popular “new atheists.” According to Berlinski new atheism poses itself as the sole holder of truth through science, “And like any militant church, this one places a familiar demand before all others: Thou shalt have no other gods before me” (10). Berlinski (a secular Jew) approaches ideas with his own mixture of intelligence and thought filled logic; exploring the world as well as important philosophical questions pertaining to “new atheism”. Thus providing the information needed to explore the sides for both and existence and nonexistence of God.
To be honest with you I think some of McCloskey questions of the existence of God are based and as a Christian I know I have questioned the existence of God at one point in my life. I had to really learn the hard way. From the article one can see that McCloskey is trying very hard to dismiss every claim of the theistic view. From the videos on blackboard, when someone decides to prove something or someone, then that means there is certainty and assurance that thing is absolutely true. The truth of the matter is that we cannot prove one hundred percent of the existence of God and that is why an Atheist like McCloskey would say that without evidence then there is no God. McCloskey try’s his best to scientifically prove that the creation of the universe therefore claiming the inexistence of God. The world that we live in is so complex that I do not think an ordinary human mind can try in his or her might to break down and understand how the world came about. From McCloskey’s perspective, the fact that the world just exist is not enough evidence or proof for people to think or assure that there is a supreme being who controls and creates the universe.
This question is inherently disproportionate with respect to passage in question. God is an eternal being, which would imply that he was never created, nor ceases to exist. For instance, if I were to build a bicycle, I am the one who built it and am therefore its cause. An atheist might then respond by saying, what if you were inspired by an external force, which led to the bicycles creation, wouldn 't the inspiration be the cause? No, most certainly not, for you are affirming that for every cause there must be a cause. For instance, if I give an explanation, then based on your logic, it would therefore require an explanation of the explanation. This demonstrably fallacious contention is the death of its own cause, for it would require an infinite regress of explanations, which would inevitably led to a world in which nothing could be explained. The perplexed atheist might then say, why do you believe that the universe was created by God, for modern science suggests that the universe came from nothing? I believe that your definition of "nothing" is nothing but a misconception, for the literality of "nothing" in quantum mechanics isn 't actually nothing, but rather the fluctuations and transitions between something and nothing in which potential existence can be transformed into real existence by the addition of energy
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, God is “a being or object believed to have more than natural attributes and powers and to require human worship; specifically: one controlling a particular aspect or part of reality.” (“God”). For a philosopher, however, this concept has proven to be more than a little difficult to solve. According to O’Brien in his book An Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge, “The philosophy of religion is (in part) concerned with whether such a belief is justified.” (177). The belief that O’Brien mentions as being problematic is the belief that the God worshiped by the monotheistic religions such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam is the “supernatural” being who is responsible for creating the universe and can control reality in some way (177). This God is intelligent and has the ability to interfere with human affairs if s/he sees fit, and is “omnipotent (able to do anything), omniscient (knows everything), perfectly good, and eternal.” (177). Many philosophers throughout the ages have tried to prove/disprove the existence of God—men such as René Descartes, George Berkeley, David Hume, Thomas Reid, Bertrand Russell, and Immanuel Kant. Each of these philosophers had a different take on the issue of God, some of them believed that they had proved his/her existence, some believed that they had disproved his/her existence, and the others came to the conclusion that we either can’t know that s/he exists or his/her existence essentially doesn’t effect our lives. Overall, the proposition of “God” creates many epistemological problems that are not easily solved, but there is an a priori argument and two empirical arguments that make valiant attempts.
Religion is an organized collection of beliefs and cultural systems that entail the worship of a supernatural and metaphysical being. “Religion just like other belief systems, when held onto so much, can stop one from making significant progress in life”. Together with religion come traditions that provide the people with ways to tackle life’s complexities. A subscription to the school of thought of great scholars
“Agnosticism is the philosophical position that it is impossible to know about the nature or existence of God.” The term was invented in 1869 by Thomas H Huxley from the Greek “agnostos”. So one can define the difference between an Atheist and an Agnostic is simply as the Atheist emphasizes that there is no God, whereas the Agnostic maintains only that he does not know. Agnosticism is not a position one can take like theism or atheism, rather it’s more like an rational process.