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The impact of western in civilization and culture
Short note on western culture culture
The impact of western culture
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Humanities: The humanities are the academic disciplines that study the culture, using methods that are essentially critical, or speculative, and have an important historical element, unlike the empirical approaches mainly in the natural sciences. The humanities are those studies that are directly concerned with human values.
The definition of the singular form, humanity, refers to the fact of being "human" and is synonymous with civilization and educated. Human recognize and practice concepts such as "hospitality" and "justice" even if the precise definitions may vary at different times and places. The word also refers to a collective, the human race. Unlike the sciences, which are expressed through numbers and symbols, human values can be perceived, felt, and expressed in subtle and enduring ways.
Humanities consist of following:
• History
• Art
• Philosophy
• Music
• Literature
• Architecture
• Dance
• Film
2- ) When we studied the humanities we study the people, not only psychologically or biologically (although these fields do not fall within the once in a while). Mainly we are learning about how people in earlier ages or faraway places have created the world in which they lived, and how the world in which they lived the people they were.
It is not enough to teach man a specialty. Through it you can become a kind of machine, but not a harmony personality. It is essential that the student acquire an understanding and a lively atmosphere of values. You must learn to understand the motivations of the human beings, their illusions and their sufferings in order to acquire a proper relationship with others and to the community. You must acquire a vivid sense of what is beautiful and the morally good.
• The history of western civili...
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...ersial literary works.
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Europe has seen the development of the absolute monarchies and more highly centralized at the national level governments; many historians believe that the growth of the absolute monarchy as the origin of the modern state. Therefore, Europe the progressive erosion of power and of the local autonomy and the increase of the national legislation and the civilian bureaucracies.
Due to this growth in absolute terms and centralized power of the national government and the monarchy, this age of European history is generally known as Age of absolutism. The era of absolutism was this period of time in a form of monarchical power / governor had complete authority over the government and the life of the people. At the end of the middle Ages, feudalism declined. Power of the Rey Rosa in some parts of Europe.
Monarchy was not at all a new institution in the 15th, 16th, or 17th centuries. It wasn’t even very different with respect to the goals that prevailed in each monarchy. However, the differences between the New and Absolute Monarchy come in the way of the methods, theories, and conditions prevalent throughout the different monarchical reigns.
As I said before, math and science are important, but the humanities are just as important, if not more. “The humanities, done right, are the crucible within which our evolving notions of what it means to be fully human are put to the test; they teach us, incrementally, endlessly, not what to do but how to be” (Slouka). This quote taken from “Dehumanized” defines and truly puts Slouka’s beliefs into the perspective of what the humanities should teach students and how they should be taught, which I agree with fully. I believe that without the humanities, we, as humans, would all be the same and there would be no room to be different from one another. Whether it be by our culture, religion, or interests, not two people are alike. Individuals should not be bred into being something that they do not want to be or even like Slouka argues, students should not be a “capital investment” for the future of the economy. Students should be investing in themselves to express who they truly are, rather than being something that the economy expects them to
Shiffman believes that the drop in interest in the humanities results in the inability of students to have clear bearings amid life’s uncertainties. He believes that only by studying the humanities will students be able to introspect and recognize that endless achievement may not add up to a meaningful life (Shiffman 5). However, Shiffman fails to realize that this form of reflection need not be done solely by those majoring in the humanities. It can be done by all who try, their fields of study are no limitation. In fact, it may be this same reflection that leads to an individual’s decision to prioritize practicality. Not all those who choose the practical path are doing it for themselves. Many may do it for their families, as a safe and stable means of supporting their loved ones. Others may take this opportunity to give back to their community through the ways they are most skilled. Instead of pursuing a single interest in a certain field, they choose to follow their various callings. Doing solely what an individual loves is a self-centered view of the world. While it is important to chase happiness, it is also important to reflect on what one is doing to spread happiness to the rest of the world. One must find something that they are good at, and put that into the world. They should contribute to others and help the world be better, in addition to following their passions. An individual’s acts of service may just become one of their many passions.
Unlike previous centuries, the eighteenth century was the dawn of a new age in Western Europe where intellectuals thrived, science was honored, and curiosity was encouraged; and the framework of how civil society was changed as a whole. From the dawn of the Enlightenment Western European culture was changing due to the revolutionary new ideas that were changing. With the social change going on, political change was as ever evident as time went on. With these changes rooted in social change went out, the effects of the Enlightenment can be seen over 18th century Western Europe and beyond.
What does it mean to be human? To most people it means being high on the food chain; or having the ability to make our own choices. People everywhere have a few things in common: We all must obey Natural laws, and we have preconceived ideas, stereotypes, and double standards. Being human is simply conveyed as human nature in “The Cold Equations”, by Tom Godwin, where the author shows the common ground that makes each and every one of us human.
The European monarchs and rulers of the 17th and 18th centuries wanted to increase their power both domestically and globally by adding to their territories and populations. Both in merging their power internally and expanding their power externally, they employed three features of state-building: control, extraction, and integration. In the late 1700s, both the Industrial revolution and French revolution of 1789 strengthened the idea that Europeans were different from the rest of the world. It also strengthened that Europeans were “succeeding” promptly while the rest of the world seemed to be declining, that Europeans were somehow extraordinary and better than the rest.” (Robert Marks page 10).
Education in the humanities may bring a better outcome of understanding the process off everything that happens in our society. Students are able to learn more about the past cultures which is very beneficial for them. It does not only give them an idea of how the past was, but rather help’s them analyze what can be useful in their present. Students also have the capability of learning skills that will allow them to succeed in their future careers. All this learning comes from the aspect that humanities shows skills that students will
In the seventeenth century there were different types of leaders in Europe. The classic monarchial rule was giving way to absolutist rule. Absolute kings claimed to be ruling directly from God, therefore having divine rule that could not be interfered with. In 1643 Louis XIV began his reign over France as an absolute king.
The prevailing government of Europe from 1900-century back was absolute monarchism, this form of government worked very well considering the belief of all people in god and the teaching. Monarchist use this belief to justify this rule in. if they could make the people believe that they were ordained position by god then they had no worries because the people belief in god was so prevailing that it was not mentionable in private to go against it. Napoleon and Louis XIV were the ideal rules to use this type of ruling. Napoleon and Louis XIV were the same type of rulers by using the divine right monarchy to control the people of their country, which was France. Napoleon and Louis way of ruling and other similarity were so alike that they could have traded their period when they sat at the throne and the people would have not noticed
Going into this Humanities class, I had no idea what I was getting into. I didn’t know what the Humanities were and how it would impact my education at all. I had taken a number of history classes in high school and in college before and expected the Humanities to flow with my history classes in a sense. In my previous history class’s topics such as wars, The Great Depression, assassinations, the settling of different parts of the world, slavery, witch-hunts, and the use of animals were discussed. I thought that the Humanities would fall somewhere on the line with history. I wasn’t wrong with this assumption, but I wasn’t right either. The Humanities, I have learned, is so much more than the history that surrounds what people did, acted like, made as art, ate, and learned. The Humanities made all the different interactions between people clear. People to people, people to land, people to art, people to animals, and many other interactions that people come across. This class opened my mind to everything that art is and can be and to how important is it to learn from the past, grow for...
Humanities is described as the study of how people as a whole, process and record human life. From the wall paintings of the Stone Age, to Plato’s “The Republic”, to the exhilarating tranquility of the sound of jazz, humans have used philosophy, literature, storytelling, and art to express ourselves. The term “the humanities” is a term that molds its definition with the movement of time and the progression or regression of humans. The 18th century brought unprecedented change throughout the world. The colonies declared independence while creating arguably, some of the world’s greatest literary documents, the Declaration of Independence and
Therefore, the Enlightenment age was an important time in the history of both Europe and America. The ideas of the Enlightenment not only brought new ideas in the way of human thinking, but it also established new understandings of sovereignty and the relation of the leaders to their subjects. First, the Enlightenment absolutism took place. Peter the Great is the most accurate example of this way of governing. In England, the constitutionalism was the way of government. But those kind of governments were not what Enlightened philosophers thought was ideal. After the American and French revolution, a new kind of government emerged, the republican government. Under the republican government, the sovereignty lies on the people. In other words, people are the government, and they have the right to choose their representatives.
However, what is humanism? Humanism is focusing on the actual physical human being rather than supernatural or religious beings (an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems. a Renaissance cultural movement that turned away from medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought.
“SCIENCE HAS BOMBS, and humanities have Britney Spears” (Kershner as cited in Purvis, 2004). This amusing comment, made during a professorial debate concerning which discipline was superior, epitomises the divide that exists between the humanities and sciences. Although the debate has its roots in the Industrial Revolution, in more recent times it was signalled by Snow’s (1959; 1964) discussion outlining the dysfunctional gulf that exists between the cultures. Essentially Snow was critical of the breakdown of communication and understanding between the worlds of the humanities and sciences and blamed this for many of society’s unresolved problems. He was particularly critical of the literary intellectuals: “This loss is leading us to interpret the past wrongly, to misjudge the present, and to deny our hopes of the future. It is making it difficult or impossible for us to take good action.” (Snow, 1964, p.60) In the years that followed there has been considerable discussion and debate about the issue and consequent discussions about the value of the sciences and humanities for society’s wellbeing. For example, Leavis (Leavis & Yudkin, 1963) criticised the notion of a chasm and, in a vitriolic manner, suggested that Snow was simply a public relations ‘stooge’ for the sciences. The argument was deepened by a pseudoscientific hoax paper published in a post-modern cultural studies journal by Sokal (1996a, 1996b), a mathematical physicist, who demonstrated that there was an acceptance of a lack of rigour in published humanities work. There was a furore over this hoax and counter arguments and rebuttals engaged many academics in a bitter dispute, but unsurprisingly an examination of this literature reveals that the protagonists talked ...
Humanism is known to be any belief by man or philosophy that centralizes on the realm of humans. There are many different types of Humanism: Literary, Renaissance, Cultural, Philosophical, Christian, Modern, Secular, and Religious. I will be focusing on Humanism that prevailed before the Renaissance. Humanism has been said to be the defining movement that lead into the Renaissance. The views of Humanism prior to the Renaissance were those that looked at the world as man being the sole center of the Universe. The beliefs that were based from Humanism were that the scientific, literary and philosophical works that began in ancient Greece and Rome were to be the guides for man. Not the Bible. The Humanists also put great emphasis on education and focused on grammar, history, math, astronomy, poetry, and music. There literary focus extended beyond religion into other elements of knowledge and learning. The view that man can do anything and will was popular along with the following of the ancient Greek’s views. The Humanist centered their beliefs around a scientific method that was used to establish fact base to human behavior. Humanism does not believe that any single religion can prove access to the peace...