Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Old testament survey quiz
The reflections of the old testament
The reflections of the old testament
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Old testament survey quiz
Old Testament Survey I Am Gomer, the Whore of Samaria: A Reflection on Hosea 1:1-3:5 The ministry of Hosea took place between 780 and 725 B.C.E. During this time in the Northern Kingdom of Israel, the people of God were prosperous but unfaithful (Tenney Vol. 3). It was a time of paganism, marital infidelity, and general disdain towards God. Hosea’s entire ministry was a reflection of the unfaithfulness of Israel and the love that God still had for her. Israel was the metaphorical bride of God. She was unfaithful, yet God constantly took her back and loved her. The message Hosea was trying to convey to the people would have been delivered near the time of the Assyrian take over. It reflects some of the warnings David had given Israel in the past (Ferreiro). Northern Israel would be taken captive by the Assyrians, an experience the Jews would have been somewhat familiar with. In Hosea 1-3, the theme of Israel being God’s wayward wife is introduced (Brisben). This is later paralleled in Hosea 11-14 as Israel being God’s wayward son. The story begins with Hosea marrying Gomer, a well-known prostitute. God commanded Hosea to marry her, despite public opinion. This would have hurt his initial credibility as a prophet. Hosea and Gomer had a child named Jezreel. This would shock the Jews of the day as it would have reminded them of their defeat to the Philistines and was a warning of the impending massacre that would occur under the Assyrians. Their second child was named Lo Ruhamah, which means unloved or no mercy. No mercy was a warning of the severity of punishment that would occur under the Assyrians. Hosea’s third child was named Lo Ammi, meaning not mine. God commanded Hosea to name the third child Lo Ammi because “You are n... ... middle of paper ... ...rch, Bruce C. Hosea, Joel, and Amos. Louisville, KY: Westminster J. Knox, 1997. 116. Print. Brisben, David. “Lesson 25 Prophesying the North’s Fall.” PowerPoint presentation. WSC 224, Siloam Springs, AR. 17 Apr 2014. Calvin, John. Calvins Commentaries Bible Commentaries. Vol. 22. Grand Rapids, MI: Calvin Translation Society., 1989. 36-508. Print. Freedman, D.N. The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Vol. 3. New York, NY.: Doubleday, 1992. 291-97. Print. Ferreiro, Alberto, and Thomas C. Oden. The Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture. Vol. 14. Downers Grove (Ill.): InterVarsity, 2003. 1-56. Print. Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva. The Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible. Vol. 2. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009. 810. Print. Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva. The Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible. Vol. 3. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009. 221-28. Print.
Carson, D. A. New Bible Commentary: 21st Century Edition. 4th ed. Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity Press, 1994.
Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition Bible. Eds. Dom Bernand Orchard, Rev. R. V. Fuller. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1966. Print.
The Bible: The Old Testament. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Sarah Lawall et al. Vol 1. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 1999. 47-97.
...yne A. The HarperCollins Study Bible New Revised Standard Edition . New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993. 1645-1722. Print.
Wommack, Andrew. "Home - Andrew Wommack Ministries." Home - Andrew Wommack Ministries Commentary- Ephesians. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.
New International Version. [Colorado Springs]: Biblica, 2011. BibleGateway.com. Web. 3 Mar 2011. Accessed 22 April 2014.
Silva, Moisés. Philippians. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2005.
New Testament. Vol. 2. Edited by Gerhard Kittel. Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1964.
Correspondingly, other canonical prophetic books interpret Yahweh’s will during periods of social or political crisis.4 Many minor prophets wrote during one of the three critical periods: the Assyrian Crisis, the Babylonian threat, or the postexilic readjustment.5 During the Babylonian threat of the late-seventh century, Habakkuk served as a link between God and humanity. The Assyrian kingdom, led by Shalmanasar V, forced the people of Judah into harsh conditions through a heartless deportation. In time, political drama spread throughout the region. After 612 B.C.E. when Assyria fell to Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Habakkuk wrote his prophetic book, focusing on the agony of humankind’s struggle to progress in such a wicked world. His message of faith and morality transcended the evil within society, ultimately revealing to the Israelites that justice would prevail.
New International Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997. Osborne, Grant R. Revelation. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2002.
Bromiley, Geoffrey William, Fredrich, Gerhard, Kittel, Gerhard. “Theological Dictionary of the New Testament.” Struttgart, Germany. W. Kohlhammer Verlag. 1995. Print.
Kohlenberger, III, John R. and Barker, Kenneth L., eds. Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary: An Abridgement of the Expositors Bible Commentary. Chicago: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994.
Holy Bible: Contemporary English Version. New York: American Bible Society, 1995. Print. (BS195 .C66 1995)
James L. Mays.Harper Collins Bible Commentary,with society of biblical literature. HarperSanFransico.United states of America.New York. 1988 .985.