!!!What Is A Chemical Formula?
Everyday, we encounter chemical substances. In our household alone, substances that we use to clean, and those that are staples in our medicine cabinet, as shown in the picture below, are made up of chemical substances. These chemicals that we use everyday are made up of atoms of a fixed proportion and these atoms are arranged in a certain way. How do we know what the atoms are, their proportion as well as their arrangement? This information can be gathered from the chemical formula of the substance.
Chemical Substances in Our Medicine Cabinet
A __compound__ is a substance made up of a definite proportion of ‘’two or more elements’’. A __chemical formula__ tells us about the number of atoms of each element in a compound. It contains the symbols of the atoms of the elements
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Let us take a look at the chemical formula of glucose: the subscript is 12 for carbon, so there are 12 carbon (C) atoms, 22 hydrogen (H) atoms and 11 oxygen (O) atoms.
!!!Types of Chemical Formulas
There are different types of chemical formulas and each type gives us different information about a chemical substance. The different types of chemical formulas include: molecular, empirical, structural and condensed. In this section, we will discuss the different types and we will go over a few examples.
!!Molecular Formula
The __molecular formula__, sometimes known as __true formula__ tells us the ‘’actual’’ number of the different elements in one molecule of a compound. In a molecular formula, each element is written as their symbols in the periodic table, and the number of atoms for each element is shown by the subscript (small number to the lower right of the element). The following are examples of molecular formulas:
For instance, if we look at butane, it has 4 carbon (C) atoms and 10 hydrogen (H) atoms.
!!Empirical
A chemical reaction is a process in which the rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance is transformed physically or chemically. If the reaction occurs, the starting products will always be different from the products. They also involve the motion of electrons which leads to buildup and breakdown of chemical bonds. There are six types of chemical reactions including Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement, Combustion, and Acid Base. Each reaction has their own unique characteristics that make them special.
In 1803 this theory was finalised and stated that (1) all matter is made up of the smallest possible particles termed atoms, (2) atoms of a given element have unique characteristics and weight, and (3) three types of atoms exist: simple (elements), compound (simple molecules), and complex (complex molecules).
Baking soda is made out of sodium, carbon, and 2 oxygens while vinegar is made up of 4 hydrogens, 3 carbons, and 2 oxygens. These elements are on the periodic table in their columns and rows, but how did they get there? Well the periodic table is arranged in rows, called periods, that tell you how many electron rings an atom has, it also has groups, horizontal columns, that tell you how many valence electrons, or electrons on the outermost layer, an atom has. The periodic table also shows you how many electrons the said element has. If you saw carbon on the periodic table then you would see that it has the atomic number above it, then it has the chemical symbol, its element name and then its ato...
Covalent compounds are formed when two or more non-metals react together. The covalent compound is actually made of molecules, and the name given depends on the structure of these molecules. Prefixes, like di- for two, tri- for three, tetra- for four, and so forth, are frequently used. Thus, NO2 is nitrogen dioxide and N2O4 is dinitrogen
The link between the number of carbon atoms in a fuel with the amount of energy it releases. Alcohols generally belong to compounds whose molecules are based on chains of carbon atoms. They usually contain one oxygen atom, which is joined to a carbon atom by a singular bond. This makes them different from other compounds.
Every chemical element or compound have specific properties that make them different than the other. However, these properties help us to understand every element or compound in which they can be used and how we can deal with them. These properties can be chemical properties which are defined as "that property must lead to a change in the substances ' chemical structure", such as heat of combustion and flammability ("Physical and Chemical…"). Also, these properties can be physical properties which are defined as the properties "that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance", such as mass, volume, boiling and freezing points ("Physical and Chemical…"). These two properties are related to each other. For
Also, I will know what a chemical and physical property is and I will know how to find them out. Materials = == == ==
While all atoms of the same element have the same number of protons, it is possible for atoms of one element to have different numbers of neutrons. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes . For example, all atoms of the element carbon have 6 protons, but while most carbon atoms have 6 neutrons, some have 7 or 8. Isotopes are named by giving the name of the element followed by the sum of the neutrons and protons in the isotope's nucl...
There are four different types of hydrocarbons each having a different homologous series (formula for carbon chain). These being an alkane (formula = CnH2n+2), alkene (formula = CnH2n), alkyne (formula = CnH2n-2), and an alkanol which has the same formulae as an alkane only that is has a hydroxide molecule which replaces one of the hydrogen atoms (refer to figure 3 and
The Periodic Table of Elements is commonly used today when studying elements. This table’s history begins in ancient times when Greek scientists first started discovering different elements. Over the years, many different forms of the periodic table have been made which set the basis for the modern table we use today. This table includes over 100 elements and are arranged by groups and periods. Groups being vertical columns and periods being horizontal columns. With all of the research conducted over the years and the organization of this table, it is easy to use when needed.
More than 45 million chemical compounds are known and the number may increase in million every year, without cheminformatics, the access of these huge amounts of information is very difficult.
Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of bonds. It is essential that we know what bonds are before we can understand any chemical reaction. To understand bonds, we will first describe several of their properties. The bond strength tells us how hard it is to break a bond. Bond lengths give us valuable structural information about the positions of the atomic nuclei. Bond dipoles inform us about the electron distribution around the two bonded atoms. From bond dipoles we may derive electronegativity data useful for predicting the bond dipoles of bonds that may have never been made before.
In chemistry, metals compose a great number of the periodic table elements. Each metal has its own characteristic mass,
Carbon Carbon is one of the basic elements of matter (Bush 1230-1231). The name carbon comes from the Latin word "carbo" meaning charcoal. Carbon is the sixth most abundant element (Gangson). More than 1,000,000 compounds are made from carbon (Carbon (C)). "The Element Carbon is defined as a naturally abundant non-metallic element that occurs in many inorganic and in all organic compounds, exists freely as graphite and diamond and as a constituent of coal, limestone, and petroleum, and is capable of chemical self-bonding to form an enormous number of chemically, biologically, and commercially important molecules.
Though many people fail to realize it, chemistry is a subject essential to everyday life, due to the fact that it is the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed. But what we must understand is that everything in the universe is composed of matter, hence chemistry is necessary in learning more about the world and universe that we live in. There are many careers and fields affiliated with chemistry that people pursue to learn more about the composition of the universe, but for now, let us examine the logistics of three of these careers. These three careers involving chemistry are geochemistry, environmental chemistry, and chemical engineering.