A Brief History of Lime

929 Words2 Pages

Symbol: Ca

From the Latin calx which means lime. It was used as a building material as far back as 7000 to 14000 BC.

Determine when and how this metal was discovered (and, if possible, who discovered this metal).

This metal was discovered in Khafajah Mesopotamia; around 2500 BC (first kiln date). The Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide. However this could not be the first scientific date of discovery; this is because it was not discovered, isolated and named. An English scientist named Humphry Davy was the first person to isolate calcium, this was done in 1808 by mixing mercuric oxide and lime; he then performed an electrolysis of the mixture. Davy then used electrolysis to isolate substances including barium, magnesium and strontium.

Research the properties of the metal, its relative abundance in the Earth and the ways this metal can be used.

Calcium is a solid, with a melting point of 〖842〗^0C. The boiling point of Calcium is 〖1484〗^0C. It is a shiny, soft substance. The estimated crustal abundance of Calcium is 4.15*〖10〗^4milligrams per kilogram. The estimated oceanic abundance of Calcium is4.12*〖10〗^2. This metal can be used to remove oxygen, sulphur, and carbon from certain alloys. Since calcium has a high reactivity with common materials it is rarely used as a metal. Calcium metal is used as a reducing agent in preparing other metals such as thorium and uranium. Calcium is also used in a compound mixture of calcium carbonate; used as a building material (limestone).

You must include why and how the metal is extracted.

Calcium is extracted through electrolysis (2CaO ----- > 2Ca + O2). This produces 98.6% purity, which can further be extracted to 99.5% through subliming. Once it is extracted it forms into a n...

... middle of paper ...

...cium carbonate. Calcium chloride is also a byproduct in the Solway process used to make sodium carbonate.

CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

Alternatively, and on small scale, calcium can be made through the reduction of CaO with aluminium or of CaCl2 with sodium metal

6CaO + 2Al→ 3Ca + Ca3Al2O6

CaCl2 + 2Na→ Ca + 2NaCl

Bibliography

References

Lenntech.com, (2014). Calcium (Ca) - Chemical properties, Health and Environmental effects. [online] Available at: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/ca.htm [Accessed 13 May. 2014].

News-medical.net, (2014). Uses of Calcium. [online] Available at: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Uses-of-Calcium.aspx [Accessed 13 May. 2014].

Webelements.com, (2014). WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements | Calcium | uses. [online] Available at: https://www.webelements.com/calcium/uses.html [Accessed 13 May. 2014].

More about A Brief History of Lime

Open Document