1 Peter: The Definition Of Suffering

In 1 Peter, “suffering” comes from the Greek term πάσχω. The basic definition to understand here, is that πάσχω means being affected in a certain way. It is important to understand that πάσχω unlike our modern term for suffering, does not necessarily carry with it the idea of pain, or discomfort. There is one definition for πάσχω with several potential meanings splitting off from it. The definition is that, which is to be deeply moved on an emotional level, or to have undergone a sensible occurrence. This can be a good thing or a bad thing. In a good way, it might mean to have good results, or experience favorable circumstances. In another sense, it may mean literal suffering, or having an unfavorable encounter. This word may also directly

Each of these occurrences will be observed, and identified. Definitions will be provided as the needed. 1 Peter 2:19, 2:20, 2:21, 2:23, 3:14, 3:17, 3:18, 4:1 (2x), 4:15, 4:19, and 5:10 each refer to the term πάσχω as a verb, and are translated to “suffering” in the New American Standard Version, except for 3:18. 3:18 speaks of Christ dying for our sins, but instead of using suffer, the translators chose to use “death”. However, in staying consistent with not only TDNT, but also the pattern of translation, the word should still be “suffer.” While it remains true that Christ did experience death for our sins, which is indeed a form of negative πάσχω, the Greek Biblical text does not support this term. Christ “suffered” for sins once for all.

1 Peter 1:11 is the first time that the term πάσχω is used in 1 Peter. It has a special lemma which is πάθημα, a noun. This term carries with it the idea of suffering, or calamity (Liddell πάθημα). 4:13, 5:1, and 5:9 each follow accordingly with 1:11.

1 Peter 3:8 gives the only appearance of an adjective in the Book of 1 Peter. Its lemma is συμπαθής. It means to be sympathetic (Swanson συμπαθής). This is a unique example of πάσχω being used in a non-negative sense, as per the earlier definition in the

While opinions may differ, it would seem that 1 Peter 3:14 most accurately describes Peter’s purpose for this term. Here, Peter is instructing the reader to suffer for righteousness, to not fear intimidation, and not to be troubled. This verse’s primary purpose is to teach how one should act when faced with adversity. As a Christian, it is inevitable that one will eventually suffer for the fact of being a Christian. Doing the right thing will result in suffering, which does not seem fair. It must be understood that if you sign an alliance with God, then the world, and Satan will declare war on you. You will face battles on more than just one front as your work to not only defend your righteousness, but also liberate others’ hearts from the occupational forces of Satan, and his many legions. The Bible lists four major fronts that the Christian will need to engage. Satan, demons, wicked men, and his own brethren who have been misled will work to destroy the Christian’s righteousness. Yet, it is expressed explicitly that the Christian is not to be afraid of these