I.ZnO/Eugenol based sealers:
This group of sealers encompasses a large number of products, they have relatively the same composition, but with some additives to improve the properties of the sealer.
The composition of ZOE sealers:
Sealer Powder Liquid
Rickert's sealer Zinc oxide (41.2 parts)
Precipitated silver (30 parts)
White resin (16 parts)
Thymol iodide (12.8 parts) Oil of clove (78 parts)
Canada balsam (22 parts)
Grossman's Sealer Zinc oxide reagent (42 parts)
Staybelite resin (27 parts)
Bismuth subcarbonate (15 parts)
Barium sulfate (15 parts)
Sodium borate, anhydrous (1 part) Eugenol
Wach's Sealer Zinc oxide (10 g)
Calcium phosphate (2 g)
Bismuth subnitrate (3.5 g)
Bismuth subiodide (0.3 g)
Heavy magnesium oxide (0.5 g) Canada balsam (20 ml)
Oil of clove (6 ml)
Tubliseal Base and Accelerator Tubes
Zinc oxide (57.4%)
Bismuth trioxide (7.5%)
Oleoresins (21.25%)
Thymol iodide (3.75%)
Oils (7.5%)
Modifier (2.6%)
Setting Reaction:
ZOE sealers set in a humid environment, forming ZOE chelates, taking about 24 hours. Additives, such as colophony, dicalcium phosphate, or zinc acetate can hasten the setting reaction. The setting reaction is reversible – hydrolytic conditions may cause the release of eugenol and zinc ions.
Advantages and Disadvantages of ZOE sealers:
Sealer Advantages Disadvantages
Rickert's Sealer It is germicidal SILVER CONTENT which may results in discoloration of tooth structure if not removed meticulously from the crown and pulp chamber with xylol
Excellent lubricating and adhesive qualities
Sets in about half an hour.
Sealer Advantages Disadvantages
Grossman's Sealer Minimal degree of irritation Zinc eugenate may decompose in the presence of water through the release of eugenol, making it weak ...
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...fect against enterococcus fecalis but still higher than AH26.
• High solublility (3.415) if compared with AH plus(0.21%).
4. EndoREZ:
It is dual cured self-priming methacrylate-based root canal sealer/filler which is hydrophilic in nature.
Composition:
- 2,2 (p-tolylimina) diethanol - Zinc oxide
- Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) - Barium sulfate
- Diurethane dimethacrylate (DUDMA) - Pigments
- Benzoyl peroxide
Properties:
• Hydrophilic characteristics which provides high penetration into dentinal tubules and thus allow proper sealing.
• Its radiopacity equivalent to gutta percha that simplifies radiographic interpretation.
• Superior resistance to microbial leakage (compared to AH plus).
Disadvantages:
• Causes tissue inflammation.
• High solubility.
Positive results have been seen on periodic checkups and most of the patients didn’t complain. One patient suffered from plaque deposition on abutment teeth due to insufficient oral hygiene. Gold copings protect root surface but are expensive which makes the treatment overall expensive. Most of the time canines are used as abutments because they are frequently the last teeth to be lost in the jaw because of their large root surface
The purpose of this paper is to research the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride in comparison to sodium fluoride varnish. Our PICO question is: In a patient with dentinal caries, will the use of silver diamine fluoride compared to sodium fluoride varnish, be more effective at arresting caries? Fluoride has been established for many years as an effective ingredient in the fight against caries. Silver has been used in health care as an anti-bacterial agent in many medical applications such as silver sutures and silver catheters. Silver diamine fluoride was created to increase the effectiveness of both.
My goal in this experiment was to determine the amount of zinc (in grams) on 5 different galvanized nails to see if this specific box was up to standard, as well as how consistent the weight of the zinc is on each nail and do so by measuring the weight of the nail initially, then take the zinc off with the hydrochloric
Varying the n value carries out the experiment. Absorbencies of each of the ZLn complexes are obtained. The sum of the concentrations of the metal, Z, and the ligand, L, are kept equal. With the ratio of the ligand to the metal in the solution with the maximum absorbance for the ZLn complex, the value of n can be determined as well as the composition of ZLn.
Abnormal wear of tooth surfaces was an orthodontic problem early on, even ancient people wanted straight teeth! To close gaps, it has been construed that catgut did the work now done by today’s orthodontic wire. In 400-500 BC, Hippocrates and Aristotle both ruminated about ways to level teeth and fix many dental conditions. It should be noted that in Medieval times, expert barbers often performed dental “operations”, extractions, and procedures such as blood-letting. In seventeen twenty-eight, French Dentist Pierre Fauchard published a book called “The Surgeon Dentist” about ways to straighten and align teeth. He used a device called a “Bandeau,” a horse-shaped piece of precious metal which helped...
A condenser and heat reflux was used to prevent reagents from escaping. Then the solid product was vacuum filtered. The product was recrystallized to purify it and the unknown
Teeth #1, 16, and 17 are unerupted. There is a PFM on tooth #22. There were two 3-unit bridges: teeth #19 through 21 with a gold abutment on tooth #19, the pontic on tooth #20 and a PFM abutment on tooth #21, as well as on teeth #23 through 25, with PFM abutments on teeth #23 and 25, and the pontic on tooth #24. The amalgam restorations are as follows: an MO on tooth #2 and an MOD on teeth #3 and 5. There are cervical composites on teeth #3 and 4. Tooth #15 was missing the crown. Tooth #13 was a root tip. There are class two furcations on the lingual surface of teeth #1, 18, and 19, and a class one furcation on the buccal surface of tooth #18. There is 2mm of recession on the facial surfaces of teeth #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15, 29, 25, 26, and 27, as well as the lingual surfaces of teeth #3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15, 21, 22, 26, 27. There is 4mm of recession on the facial surfaces of teeth #3 and 23, as well as the lingual surfaces of teeth #12, 23, and 25. There is 6mm of recession on the facial surface of tooth #22. Teeth #3, 4, 18, 26, and 27 had attrition. There was erosion on the lingual and incisal surfaces of teeth #8 through
On his initial examination dated 23/06/13 the patient was seen for a routine full mouth scale and polish with reinforced oral hygiene instruction including flossing technique. He presented with excellent oral hygiene at this appointment which was a reflection of his commitment to good oral hygiene; tooth-brushing twice daily and dental flossing once daily. This was further supported by the patients plaque scores at 5% and bleeding scores at 4% with only minimal supra gingival calculus on lower anterior teeth. There was no erythema or oedema present on the gingival tissues.
Performing this experiment, we used the technique called Acid-Base extraction to isolate Eugenol, which is one of the main ingredients of clove oil. Acid-Base extraction is the most efficient method for isolating organic component; it is efficient because it purifies the acid and base mixture based on their chemical identities. We have seen throughout this experiment that acid and base play an important role, when it comes to solubility in water. Our basic knowledge of acid and base is acid is a proton donor and base is a proton acceptor. This ideology helps us to understand why organic compounds are not soluble in water. When compounds tend to be insoluble, we have to use acid and base reaction, to change its solubility. The changes that occurred
Initially, NaCl was added in order to demulsify the distillate. Next is the addition of NaOH which solubilise the acidic eugenol into a phenoxide salt, leaving the other components that are neutral in nature. Addition of HCl to the base neutralizes the phenoxide to reform the original acidic form of eugenol. Hexane then solubilises eugenol from the aqueous layer. Anhydrous sodium sulphate was added in order to remove the remaining water in the organic
When benzoic acid paired with 1.0 M NaOH, it was observed that both compounds were soluble. Upon the addition of 6.0 M HCl into this solution, benzoic acid became insoluble. Benzoic acid was also insoluble in 1.0 M HCl. Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate was found to be insoluble in 1.0 M NaOH and soluble in 1.0 M HCl. But then, after adding 6.0 M NaOH into the test tube C (mixture of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate and 1.0 M HCl), a white powdery solid (undissolved compound) was formed. These demonstrate that both the acid and base became more soluble when they were ionized and less soluble when they were
Palmer, C. (2013, September 16). American Dental Association. Retrieved January 28, 2014, from ADA: http://www.ada.org/news/8898.aspx
Zinc is an essential trace element for many living organisms. While this can be said about other essential metals, zinc is unique in its physiochemical properties that give it the ability to interact with donor groups of different ligands, resulting in a broad range of stability constants and diversity of the biological functions and processes that zinc is involved in. It was discovered and recognized as a new metal in the eightieth century, While its biological essentiality was found by Raulin for the growth of Aspergillus niger In 1869 [1]. In 1933 Zinc was found essential for the growth of animals while studying its effect on rats. [2]
Tooth colored composites are a mixture of submicron glass filters and acrylic that form a tooth colored restoration. The main advantage of composites are seen when mentioning aesthetics. The color of the fillings can be matched to that of the tooth. This is why they are used in the anterior teeth. A unique feature of this filling is its ability to chemically bond to the tooth struct...
GI bases may reduce the risk of cusp fracture during the time between cavity preparation and the insertion of final restoration. It was concluded that in non-vital teeth it seems that there was no need to fill the whole pulp chamber with a ceramic core, provided adequate tooth structure remained but long-term observation periods are needed to prove that in the clinical outcome.