The software engineering ontology defines information for the exchange of semantic project information and is used as a communication framework. In the area of computer science, Ontology represents the effort to formulate an exhaustive and rigorous conceptual schema within a given domain. Several Ontology languages such as Resource Description Framework (RDF), Web Ontology Language, DARPA Markup Language and Ontology Interchange Language (OIL) are available. 2. Ontology in software engineering In
Ontology contains a set of concepts and relationship between concepts, and can be applied into information retrieval to deal with user queries. Challenges in interpreting a query from different ontologies: • It is not possible to determine in advance which ontologies will be relevant to a particular query. • User queried keyword has to be translated into ontology-centric terminologies. • Answer to a query may require the integration of information from multiple ontologies. Our approach is to keep
information is converted into linked geospatial data, for exposing, sharing and connecting resources in the web. For example, a geographical feature described in the data has a URI with links pointing to other geographical features based on their geospatial relation. The knowledge model and catalogue model of the datasets (metadata) is changed according to the developments in the field of semantic web to accommodate details that are necessary for pattern recognition and subsequent linking .The SDI should
The vast content of the World-Wide Web is used by millions. Many users employs a search engine to begin their Web activity. The query is usually a list of keywords, and the result returned is also a list of Web pages that may or may not be relevant, typically pages that contain the keywords [4]. The web of today lacks metadata which can be read by other computers. Metadata is data about data, such that, it would be possible to distinguish between 1984 (a number), 1984 (a date), 1984 (a film starring
the apparent awareness of the Supreme Court of ontological issues and problems with their approaches. I also argue that their current ontological assumptions have left open the door to future suppression of free speech as the technology progresses. Ontology is significant because zoning in the physical world has long been recognized as a way to segregate "adult" entertainment from minors. So far, at least, the justices seem to agree that such zoning is not possible in cyberspace, and therefore that
Latent Dirichlet Allocation, JMLR, 2003 2. C. Bizer, J. Lehmann, G. Kobilarov, S. Auer, C. Becker, R. Cyganiak, and S. Hellmann. Dbpedia – a crystallization point for the web of data. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the WWW, September 2009. 3. F. M. Suchanek. Automated Construction and Growth of a Large Ontology. PhD thesis, Saarland University, 2009. 4. T. Hofmann, SIGIR '99: Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information
In this section, we present the service discovery scenarios to evaluate and compare the current web services technology with our proposed framework for semantic web services using existing telecommunication industry data. The evaluated results are based on prototype implementation, using sample data of a leading telecommunication operator in Pakistan, which has its distributed computer centres in nine different cities of Pakistan (name is not cited for privacy conditions). We performed a typical
domain and summarizes with preference learning. The distractors are generated using similarity metrics such as hypernyms and hyponyms. The system also generates analogy questions targeting primary school level. Keywords: preference learning; natural language processing; summarizer; e-assessment; MCQ; analogy;
notion of innate ideas or innatism (the idea that the mind is born with ideas or knowledge and is not a "blank slate" at birth). 2.Ontology and Epistemology are probably the most complex terms that one might come across while studying philosophy. Ontology and Epistemology are branches of philosophy. Let us try and simplify these complex topics. The word ontology is derived from the Greek words ‘ontos’ which means being and
Privacy Policy Privacy policy is the rules that define how the user’s personal data is collected, used, disclosed and managed by the web service provider. It is highly significant to the information assurance of the privacy data. The privacy policy settings reflect the user’s attitude to the privacy protection and quality of service. It can be classified into three types: optimistic policy, pessimistic policy and dynamic policy[1]. When choosing optimistic policy, the user allows LBSN to collect
InternetBeans Express, Velocity and Cocoon. The purpose of these frameworks is to help developers build web applications systematically. They all support the design pattern Model-View-Controller (MVC) (Berzal, 2005). Leff & Reyfield (2001) explored MVC more in the context of web application developing using Servlets and JSP technologies. They investigated the usage, advantages of using MVC in web application development. MVC can provide clear separation of layers promoting reusability, scalability
retrieved information from different sources, not only in the news domain but also in special domains. In this research work, Information retrieval is limited to information available on web. This chapter starts with the retrieval models and the techniques used to improve retrieval; then it reviews approaches for cross-language information retrieval; and finally it discusses the information retrieval methods applied in Telugu. 2.1. Information Retrieval The term “Information Retrieval” was first coined
In short, ontology describes our view (whether claims or assumptions) on the nature of reality, and specifically, is this an objective reality that really exists, or only a subjective reality, created in our minds. Hatch and Cunliffe (2006) use both an everyday example
BPD may contain the components that are not well structured e.g. loops w... ... middle of paper ... ...Rosemann et al., “How good is BPMN really? Insights from theory and practice,” 2009. [17] M. Rosemann, P. Green, M. Indulska et al., “Using ontology for the representational analysis of process modeling techniques,” International Journal of Business Process Integration and Management, vol. 4, no. 2, 2009. [18] T. Wahl, and G. Sindre, “An analytical evaluation of BPMN using a semiotic quality
and others find both polarity and subjectivity. The work has been done for many languages and to serve many of purposes like politics, social services, movie reviews…etc., but unfortunately there is no work has been done for Arabic language. In the following we browsing some of these works: OSVision Opinion Mining [6] is an automatic system which can extract opinions from the Web. The system uses advanced natural language processing algorithms for extracting opinion, the system is supported by machine
Data Warehouse Computer has become one of great and comprehensive impact on human life in this days, and it is an important tool, the computer has become part of different areas of life . You find it at home, school, in the workplace, and in the markets, everywhere you go, and we know that the computer is only a machine, but with applications and matched by the latest raging terrible race caused by the information, and database technology revolution is only of the applications that were built on
Heidegger is one of the few Western thinkers to have succeeded in going beyond the Western philosophic tradition. Because his radical criticism is believed to have fractured the foundations of modern philosophy, his thinking is usually at the center of the controversy between the defenders of the tradition and those who wish to break with it and start afresh. In the heat of this debate, the question of Heidegger's place in relation to that tradition in general and to Cartesianism in particular has
from source language (SL) to target language (TL). The translation is finished in only one step. The transfer approach transforms the SL to the TL through several stages with different kind of temporarily structural language. Finally, the interlingual approach stands on the idea of transform the SL to the TL through a neutral language or interlingual language (IL). Introduction Language is a tool for communication about the world. Two categories of language are programming language (PL) and natural
THE USE OF SYNONYMOUS ADJECTIVE “CLEVER” AND “SMART” IN CORPUS 1. Background A synonym is a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language. Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous, and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy. The word comes from Ancient Greek syn(σύν) ("with") and onoma (ὄνομα) ("name"). An example of synonyms are the words begin, start, commence, and initiate. Words can be synonymous
11 November 2014 The Caste system in India India is known for the diversity of the Caste System with different languages, different religious traditions, practices and a system of beliefs. The Caste System is very important part of the Hindu tradition because it is a historically important aspect into which people live in India, follow different religions, tribes, languages and belief. Nowadays, there are so many sub-caste systems in India. Caste identity is determined based on social status