variety of antidepressants available for depression. Everyone will react differently to the medications. Antidepressants are known for “increasing levels of a group of chemicals in the brain” (United Kingdom). Neurotransmitters are the chemicals that can improve one’s mood and overall emotions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-adrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are the main antidepressants available
Depression can be treated essentially by using two types of treatment: psychotherapy and drug therapy. Psychotherapy uses the combination of different techniques from the different models such as psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy. 1.3.4.1: Psychodynamic therapy: The psychodynamic therapies focus on resolving the patient's inner psychological conflicts that are typically thought to be rooted in childhood (Debjit bhowmik, Kumar, Srivastava, Paswan, Dutta 2012). The therapists make
Imagine having an unbearable and excruciating pain deep in the pit of your stomach. You know that you are dying. However, no one believes you. The doctor, your family, friends, and loved ones continuously tell you that you are ok. Diagnostics tests and lab results all come back negative. You refuse to believe what everyone is telling you. Almost day in, and day out, this dilemma is revisited, and you experience déjà vu all over again. This issue persists for months, even years. This is a
have become very popular as alternative medicines. They are purported to heal everything from memory problems to sexual dysfunction. One of the most common and most controversial herbal remedies is St. John’s Wort. As a cheap over-the-counter antidepressant, and with over 17% of the population experiencing depression sometime in their lifetime, its allure to the lay person is not surprising (Kessler, R. C. et al., 1994). Is St. John’s Wort an effective treatment for depression as many claim it is
them irritable. In this literature review we are going to examine the use of antidepressants to treat teen depression. It will also look at the risks of suicides increased as a result of taking antidepressants and the measures taken to reduce this problem. Can antidepressants use in Teenagers increase suicide rates/thoughts? In the past few recent years, there has been a developing concern about the use of antidepressants in teenagers (13-20 years of age) as there has been increase in teen depression
Panic disorder and generalized anxiety according to the DSM-IV-TR are classified as anxiety disorder. In this paper we will be discussing panic and generalized anxiety disorder looking into the different aspects such as contributing theories and what appropriate treatment can be use to help ease the symptoms of these disorders. According to the DSM-IV-TR panic disorder is a recurrent panic attack. It typically begins with the sudden onset of intense apprehension, fear, or terror. Panic disorder is
Since the discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants in the 1950s and its affect on depressives, Schildkraut first proposed the Monoamine Theory. The theory states that depression is caused by an imbalance of monoamine transmitters (neurotransmitters) in certain areas of the brain, such as noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine (Schildkraut, 1965). This led to the introduction of antidepressant medication in the treatment of depression, known as pharmacotherapy
Antidepressants What determines a good' article from a bad' one? In the Des Moines Register on February 3, there was an article titled, More parents, doctors refuse to put kids on antidepressants," was written by Marilyn Elias. Elias is a well-known writer from USA Today, and has written on topics such as stress, marriage, and health. The article was about the effects on children, ages 18 and younger, taking depression pills. There are many elements that establish a good' article from a
harmful actions to oneself. Tricyclic antidepressants such as Zoloft, Paxil, Celexa, and Lexapro are commonly prescribed to adolescents and young adults to relieve symptoms of depression, and they work by either releasing more of the brain’s “happy chemical,” serotonin, in those with clinical depression, or by stopping the release of the brain’s emotional chemicals in those with manic depression (or other diseases such as bipolar disorder) (Silverstein 61). Although antidepressants can have a positive effect
Prozac At first it was the cure all people were looking for. Then it became the drug they were afraid to take. Somewhere between these two extremes lies the truth about the drug Flouxetine, better known as Prozac, the most widely prescribed drug on the globe. It is mainly prescribed to patients suffering from clinical depression. It was first brought to the market in 1988 by the pharmaceutical giant Eli Lilly co. Even though it was originally prescribed for depression, it has been prescribed
deals with the strengths and weaknesses of epidemiological research considering case studies of suicide and antidepressants among young people. In one epidemiological study of suicide related events in young people following prescription of antidepressants, Wijlaars et al (2013) examined the temporal association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) prescriptions and suicide-related events in children and adolescents. Electronic health records were
Contrast the mechanism of action of the barbiturates and the benzodiazepines as hypnotics. Discuss the advantages of the benzodiazepines over the barbiturates. There are specific benzodiazepine receptors in the nervous system that mostly surrounds the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and limbic system. Barbiturates have their own binding sites and modulate the chloride channel. They increase the duration of this channel, while benzodiazepines increase the frequency. Also barbiturates are less selective
potential predictive factors related to TRD took place in Europe and displayed 5 main clinical predictors in order of their strength (1) current suicidal risk (2) comorbid anxiety disorder (3) gender (4) seasonal pattern (5) non-response to first antidepressant lifetime (Oswald et al., 2005). Non-psychiatric co-morbidities have been discovered to be predictors of TRD (Iosifescu et al., 2004). It was discovered that patients suffering from increased levels of serum cholesterol do not respond as well with
constipation, changes in ... ... middle of paper ... ...epressant drugs are required to relieve symptoms. Many antidepressants work by raising levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the synapse. TCA’s, SSRI’s and SNRI’s are equally successful in depressive patients however differ in terms of their side effects. Due to advantages in pharmacological treatment and minimum variation in antidepressant efficiency, the choice of medication available to depression patients remains a choice in accordance to the
Depression and Antidepressants Specifically the serotonergic hypothesis and the action of Prozac The cause of Clinical depression has long been a mystery to physicians and researchers. Many different theories have been proposed, but no conclusive evidence has been put forth. However, most of what we know about depression stems from the results of certain drugs which have been successful in treating the clinically depressed. These anti--depressants have led to the assumption that depression
combination of psychosocial therapy and drug therapy. There is evidence that by adding CBT to drug treatment there is an increase in efficacy. Combining CBT and antidepressant treatment for binge eating does not seem to be more effective than CBT alone (Ricca et al., 2000). Significant effect on binge suppression was not found when antidepressants were added to CBT (“Part A,” 2006). This approach can he applied to Ricky’s therapy. If CBT is not working alone then would introduce drug therapy as well
Depression is a condition of general emotion dejection and withdrawal; sadness greater and more prolonged than that warranted by any objective reason. The gene for depression can be inherited and passed down the family tree, as well as can come about for reasons unrelated to genes such as psychological or physical factors. If someone has a parent or sibling with depression, the risk of developing depression compared with the average person is 20-30% higher. However, it is not equally manifested
The silent killer that takes lives without warning, punishment, or any sympathy; depression is truly one of the most prominent mental illnesses in the world. Depression is defined as a mental illness inducing a severe and staunch feeling of sadness. The term depressed is coined in English as a temporary sadness that everyone experiences in their life. Despite that depression is more active in women, it is still one of the most common mental illnesses in the world. It affects anybody, regardless of
Depression is a manageable, medical condition, which is characterized by moods and feelings (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 2013a). Depression can affect the quality of life that a person experiences and is believed to be connected to cognitive impairments (AIHW, 2013a). Symptoms of depression can be improved through medication and non-medication interventions and treatments (AIHW, 2013a). In Australia, depression still remain the second leading cause of disability Between the
Drugs in the Brain Antidepressants are a class of drug that reduces symptoms of depressive disorder by correcting chemical imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain. Most antidepressants are believed to work by slowing the removal of certain chemicals from the brain. These chemicals are called neurotransmitters (such as serotonin and norepinephrine). Neurotransmitter is needed for normal brain function and are involved in the control of mood and in other responses and functions, such as eating