acid-resistant, stable, highly tissue specific and consists of a single-stranded, positive RNA. Polio virus is able to reside in the throat or intestinal tract of humans. Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious infectious disease which has three strains, poliovirus 1 (PV1), PV2 and PV3. Polio virus, although rare in developed countries, can be found in many under-developed countries due to the uncommonness of vaccinations there. Polio is known as a disease of development. The oldest known record of polio is
Polio, also known as poliomyelitis, is a contagious disease which was first seen in England in 1789 by Michael Underwood. The first outbreaks were reported in early 19th century and it was first reported in United States in 1843. At first, there were no any treatments found against polio. The epidemics were increasing severely through northern hemisphere. 21,000 cases of paralytic polio were seen in United States in 1952. It took a longer time for polio to be recognized as a major problem in developing
First, what is polio? Polio is a highly contagious disease (Nunn 5). That has been traced back 6,000 years (Davis). There are 3 types of polio they include Spinal-paralytic, Bulbar and Non-paralytic (DoSomething). All of them have physical symptoms of Back pain, Pain in the neck, vomiting, fatigue, stiff neck, sore throat,headache, muscle spasms, high but also long lasting fever (Nunn 5). They all have mental symptoms that vary, including Suicidal thoughts,depression, anxiety, schizophrenia personality
Microbe Report: Polio Stephanie May Microbiology Poliomyelitis is a life-changing, sometimes deadly disease caused by the poliovirus. This virus, spread through human feces, once paralyzed many, including US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, leaving some of its victims trapped in an iron lung for the rest of their lives, and even killing many. A vaccine against this virus was developed by Jonas Salk in the 1950s, and polio infections have dropped tremendously, with the Americas being declared
purpose of this paper is identifying poliomyelitis which is a fecal-oral group communicable disease worldwide and discussing health interventions to control and eliminate outbreaks and considering ethical dilemmas. The pathogen of poliomyelitis is poliovirus, an enterovirous that is transmitted by fecal-oral route through feces. Respiratory inhalation occurs and the virus initially replicates in the oro-pharynx and then invades the gastrointestinal tract. It can be transmitted via fecal-oral, airborne
Could you imagine being stricken by a deadly virus, that if you survived, you would not be able to walk without any assistance? In 1938, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s personal struggle with infantile paralysis led him to create the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (NFIP) which would help find a treatment for infantile paralysis, which is better known as polio. This virus was usually contracted during childhood, and attacked the central nervous system, which if the victim did survive
Today there are many infectious diseases around the world. An infectious disease is defined as an infection which can be caused by the entrance, development and manipulation of microorganisms in the body. Infections are classified as emerging and re-emerging. An emerging disease is a disease that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that it may have happened previously but is rapidly increasing in incident or geographic range. Whereas a re-emerging disease is a disease that has
1.) Mitosis is the process of cell division. Some beneficial processes that involve mitosis includes making it possible for embryos to grow into babies, for our bodies to create new cells for healing wounds, and to replenish blood that we’ve lost. Defler described mitosis as a perfectly choreographed dance. When there is a mistake during the process of mitosis, cells start to grow out of control, causing cancer. 2.) Different cancers are organized based on the type of cell they start from. All cancers
the Healthline website “Polio…is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus that attacks the nervous system”. Polio is most commonly found in children younger than five but can also be found in adults as well.This viral disease is caused by the poliovirus that may come in one of three different forms; all of which are part of the enterovirus genus. This virus is spread through direct person-to-person contact, contact with infected mucus or phlegm from the nose or mouth, and contact with infected
Poliomyelitis colloquially known as Polio is a viral infectious diseases that in severe forms can cause paralysis or even death. Polio affects the motor neurons of the anterior horns in the grey matter if the spinal cord. Without nerve stimulation, the muscles become weak and undergo atrophy, eventually resulting in paralysis. Polio in rare cases does spread to the brain stem causing paralysis to the diaphragm and loss of breathing. Thankfully a vaccine to combat polio was developed by Jonas Salk
immunocompromised persons or individuals currently on immunosuppressant therapy. Due to of the risk as mentioned above of VDPV, in 2000, most European countries and United States discontinued using OPV and would only administer IPV2. Moreover, wild-type poliovirus had already been effectively eliminated in these countries. In developing countries, the benefits of OPV far outweigh the risks associated with it, thus making it an ideal choice. However, in the United States exists a changed scenario and polio
Stem Cells are cells that scientist have began to try and use to help people. “In the mid 1800s it was discovered that cells were basically the building blocks of life and that some cells had the ability to produce other cells.” With the discovery of stem cells came the opening to a new area of development in what could be done with health and medicine of the world. Of course throughout history, stem cells have been a very heated subject between different groups of people who believe it is right
have. These vaccines includes Tetanus, Diphtheria toxoids, and acellular pertussis. Adults are also recommended to get some vaccines but these are not required to have. These vaccines are Pneumococcal PPV, Influenza, Hepatitis A and B, Inactivated Poliovirus, Measles mumps, Rubella, and
Herd Immunity and the Role of Vaccination Programs in Public Schools Vaccines have been responsible for reducing the effects and spread of infectious diseases such as small pox, polio, and measles. Controversy over vaccinations have existed from their very invention; Arguments against them have been rooted in religion, ethical and political beliefs, and perhaps more common today is self-interest/self-education. Scientific findings overwhelmingly support the use of vaccinations and refute claims that
Franklin D. Roosevelt was The United States 32nd president and served four terms, in those years he would make a great transformation to America. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born in 1882 in Hyde Park, New York, to James Franklin I and Sarah Ann Delano, his parents were sixth cousins and were both from wealthy families. Franklin grew up in a very rich family and had many privileges, one time his father even took him to visit president Grover Cleveland and Cleveland told him “ I have one wish for
PERSONAL STATEMENT Born to a middle class family in India, I was fortunate to have parents that made sure I lacked no opportunities when it came to education. I grew to have a fascination for life sciences and it inspired me to continue with higher levels of three major science groups in high school: Biology, Chemistry and Physics. Initially, I struggled with physics, but I drew motivation from my dream of being a doctor. This was a dream that I was not ready to
455623 Word Count 1505 Compare and contrast the elimination programs for polio and leprosy Diseases with significant morbidity and mortality have often become the target of disease elimination programs that attempt to reduce the incidence and prevalence of a particular disease and remove the disease impact from endemic regions. Elimination programs are strategies that attempt to reduce to zero the incidence of a targeted disease in a specified population, using various public health interventions
Gain of Function or Gain or Risk? In the world of viral research today, the study of Enhanced Pathogens is a risky, if not dangerous, field of research.The big question regarding research on enhanced pathogens stands with: is deeper knowledge about the pathogen worth the risk of accidentally spreading them, or is it too hazardous? Well, Enhanced Pathogens are dangerous, but they aren't as dangerous and complicated as they seem to be. In fact, they are the least harmful in a few cases, but still can
The novel, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot is divided into 3 sections: life, which tells the reader about Henrietta’s life and the birth of HeLa; death, which consists of times after Henrietta’s death, and lastly; immortality, which discusses how Henrietta’s cells have become immortal. Overall, the book is based on Henrietta and the lives of her children and how they cope with the way medical science has treated their mother. Though the book is not written in chronological
Facts About John Hopkins Johns Hopkins was born in 1795, then when Johns was 17, his mother sent him to work for his Uncle in Baltimore, speaking to her son just before he left, his mom said to him "Thee has business ability." After working for his uncle, Johns went into business for three years with his friend and his 3 brothers, calling the business The Hopkins Brothers. The business shipped whiskey into Baltimore in exchange for staple supplies that were shipped back to Western whiskey makers