The re-wilding of North America is basically a conservation strategy (Donlan 2005), aimed at restoring the Pleistocene era (Donlan 2005, Rubenstein et al. 2006). This could be achieved by reintroducing African and Asian megafauna, these species are phylogenetically known to be direct descendents of the extinct Pleistocene species or animals of similar taxa (Donlan 2005, Rubenstein et al. 2006). Re-populating North America is essential for both ecological and evolutionary potential (Donlan 2005)
genetic material could be introduced into an elephant genome in order to create a mammoth-elephant hybrid or chimera. The possibility of bringing extinct animals back to life has fascinated people for years. While something like Jurassic Park is unlikely, Pleistocene Park just got one step closer to becoming a reality. One day, mammoths may walk the Earth again. The first step is to begin to understand the creature humanity wants to return to the world. A woolly mammoth, also known as Mammuthus primigenius
Cockroaches Cockroaches are an ancient group of animals, dating back about 320 million years (290 million years before man evolved). They have disobeyed evaluation and remained largely unchanged for more than 300 million years. The name "cockroach" comes from the Spanish word for cockroach, cucaracha, transformed by English etymology into "cock" and "roach". The world's heaviest cockroach is the Australian giant burrowing cockroach which can reach 3.5 inches in length and weigh more than 1.1 oz.
The Eocene Epoch lasted from 55.8 to 33.9 million years ago. It was the second Epoch of five, in the Tertiary Period. It was known for it’s tropical climate and first appearance of mammals, both on land and sea. Typically, The Eocene is split into three parts: Early, Middle, and Late epochs. In the earliest trimester, 55.8 million to 47.8 million years ago, rainforests and swamps dominated the land; the average temperature year round was near ninety degrees fahrenheit- with little fluctuation from
Imagine the world where modern humans and Neanderthals coexisted. The two groups lived among each other for some 2,600 to 5,400 years (Wong 2015, 43). For a long time, it was said that Neanderthals are our closest relatives. There is DNA evidence that shows Neanderthals and modern humans are closely linked. Around 39,000 years ago, Neanderthals suddenly disappeared from the face of the Earth, shortly after the first modern humans appeared (Wong 2009, 33). With the help of researchers, there have
The Neanderthals lived in areas ranging from Western Europe through central Asia from about 200,000 to between 36,000 and 24,000 years ago. The Neanderthals lived in groups of 30 to 50 individuals, they invented many of the tool types that were to be perfected by fully sapient peoples, they had weapons adequate to deal with both the cave lion and cave bear, they used body paint, buried their dead. Neanderthal Man survived through the Ice Age. They are thought to have had fire. Neanderthals lived
an onslaught of theories regarding its potential effect on our future. But what impact did humans have thousands of years ago when they were first colonizing North America? The question of what caused the extinction of megafauna during the Late Pleistocene period is one that archaeologists have struggled to answer for decades, but why should it matter? Discovering with certainty the cause of megafaunal extinction would simultaneously prove or disprove any of the proposed implications of each existing
Paleo Indian archeology in north America 1. Buchanan, B., Collard, M., & Edinborough, K. (2008). Paleoindian demography and the extraterrestrial impact hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(33), 11651-11654. In the article (Paleoindian demography and the extraterrestrial impact hypothesis) it was claimed that one or more large extraterrestrial objects and young dryas impact that are struck in the northern America. Due to which there is a decline in the population of the
There is some debate as to whether they were a distinct species of the Homo genus (Homo Neanderthalensis) or a subspecies of Homo sapiens. Our well-known, but often misunderstood, fossil kin lived in Eurasia 200,000 to 30,000 years ago, in the Pleistocene Epoch.” (Live Science) The Neanderthals had a very similar appearance to human, although they were “shorter and stockier with angled cheekbones, prominent brow ridges, and wide noses.” (Live
Cindy Marroquin 000423371 The documentary, Cave of Forgotten Dreams by Werner Herzog starts with one of the biggest discoveries in history. Starting with, three explorers who traveled to Southern France in 1994. They were looking out for drafts of air around rocks, hoping that the air would lead them to caves. As they explored and searched they discovered rocks in their narrow journey that led them to make one of the biggest discoveries in human history, a cave. First, not knowing what the cave
The Oligocene epoch, which means epoch of few recent forms in Greek, lasted about 11 million years which was considered a short time span compared to the other epochs. This epoch was present from 33.9 million years ago to 23 million years ago and was part of the Tertiary period. During this epoch, the climate began to cool down allowing for glaciers and ice ages to be present on Earth. Changes in vegetation arose as a result of climate change where most forests became cooler. Furthermore, the change
Neanderthals and Humans seem to not have big differences in behavior and cultural abilities but Neanderthal fossil brains differs from human brains today. Studies show that Neanderthals were much stronger and was able to lived in the cold climate of Europe, from the article it states.“The human and Neanderthal occurrence in time also signifies a difference in both species. Neanderthals, when compared to humans, were much stronger, and they
The Stone Age is the period of time when early humans first began to make and use tools fabricated from stone. Other materials such as wood, bone, and antler were also used for the making of tools, but stone, especially flint stone, was primarily used for cutting. The Stone Age began for many early humans about 2.7 million years ago when the first stone tools were used. This time period was not the beginnings of humans or near humans, but the period of time marked when the use of tools first began
28, 2014 Origins& Extinction of Neanderthals The Neanderthals are one of most iconic ancestors in what we have learned about the past in human evolution. As our closet extinct relatives and that of archaic humans, the Neanderthals are often label as the quintessential caveman. However, despite being once label as the embodiment of primitive humans of limited capacities; evidence has shown us that isn’t the case. The Neanderthals in their prime were able to accomplish and develop what was needed
heat, cold, wind and rain. When did it roam the earth Saber Tooth Cats lived during the Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago, existing for about 42 million years, from the Eocene Epoch to the end of the Pleistocene Epoch. They roamed the earth during the early to late Pleistocene era (1.6 to 10,000 years ago) along with other animals such as mammoths and mastodons, however fossils of other
Over the years, many scientists and archeologists have traveled the world in search of more clues about our past. Among those found was the preserved mummy of a Neolithic man buried in ice. Otzi, a name the mummy earned from the Otztal Alps where he was unearthed, was dated to have lived over 5300 years ago. From the moment of discovery, the Iceman served as a subject of study that pushed back much of what we predicted the human timeline to be. This included the copper age, agriculture, as well as
During the late Pleistocene, a mystery occurred in which large mammals went extinct in North America while they survived in other parts of the world. Scientists studying the late Pleistocene extinction provided a plethora of explanations, including overkill by humans, extraterrestrial events, and climate changes (Faith and Surovell, 2009). However, there was no unified explanation that they all agreed upon. Taking note of this, J. Tyler Faith and Todd A. Surovell conducted tests to discover whether
Ever since the Pleistocene era, human societies have expanded rapidly, developing innovative ways to defend their territories and migrate across the land. Consisting of an aggregate of humans living together, these societies became more powerful as time progressed by consuming more meat (megafauna). Supporting this development, the more mammals that humans would eat, the more protein their bodies would absorb. When humans consume high amounts of protein, they develop stronger muscles, which leads
contrast the concept, termed ‘Pleistocene Rewilding’ is considered as a succession of carefully managed ecosystem manipulations that would counter the pest-and-weed biotas which are promoted by human impact, secondly it facilitates the evolution and persistence of large vertebrates on a global scale and thirdly it changes the underlying premise of conservation from managing extinction to actively restoring biological processes (Donlan et.al. 2005).Furthermore Pleistocene rewilding is seen as a radical
Glaciers, Ice and Global Warming Glaciers are one of the most fundamental phenomenon on the planet, and much of their purpose and impact on earth has been well documented and published. Ice sheets, Ice Caps and Glaciers trap nearly 90% of the world's fresh water, and are replenished by snowfall each year. Their existence on this planet dates back 650,000,000 years and yet they are always moving, always shifting and always melting. Before, human existence and even during the brief era of humans