Mycorrhiza is the symbiotic association between plant roots and soil fungi. Almost all plants form mycorrhiza. It is estimated that c. 74% of all plant species form arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), 9% forms orchid mycorrhiza, c.2% form ectomycorrhizal (EM) associations and 1% forms ericoid mycorrhiza (Heijden et al. 2015). These fungal-root associations have a key role in terrestrial ecosystems as they regulate nutrient and carbon cycles. Mycorrhizal fungi provide up to 80% of the plant’s N and P to get
term to discuss lichens, which he discovered were parts of algae and fungi. On the contrary, Frank reported on the association between fungi and roots of forest trees, which he named mykorrhiza. Mycorrhiza is also a Greek word combined from the two words meaning fungus and roots. The association in mycorrhiza is a significant component of soil life and soil chemistry, and the plant roots characterized by it are from vascular plants. De Bary defined symbiosis as the phenomenon in which unlike organisms
fungi with certain strains that live in soil. When they are applied to the seeds, they can aid crops by invigorating plant growth or by decreasing the damage created from plant pathogens bred from the soil. Another example is the bacterial species, Mycorrhiza. It is a fungus, which is able to form a union with a majority of land plants. When this action occurs, that symbiotic relationship assists to increase uptake by the root system to about 90 percent. This in turn helps the plant take in water and
cent has paramount and positive correlation with the spore’s density. The Physicochemical properties of the soil especially pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and available potassium influence the population dynamics and colonization of VAM Mycorrhiza in mustard crops (Arpita et al.,
Tropical Rain Forest Soils of La Selva Tropical rain forests across the globe are currently threatened by massive deforestation for logging, grazing, and cultivation (Otzen 1993). Such land-use practices alter temperature regimes (Fernandes and Sanford 1995) as well as ground, soil, and surface water, flora, fauna, and microorganisms (Otzen 1993). These changes may result in a loss of soil organic matter, a decrease in soil fertility (Garcia-Oliva et al. 1994, Tissen et al. 1994), severe soil