Introduction A gall is an abnormal growth that occurs on plant tissues. A plant growth is similar to a tumor or a wart that would occur on an animal; plant galls, however, are typically caused by various parasites and insects. In order for a gall to form, a female insect needs to implant an egg into a plant. It is important that the insect does so when the plant is maturing, this ensures the plants meristem is extremely active and prepared to grow a gall suitable for the insect’s young. The larvae
may lay several eggs per goldenrod stem, each plant usually ends up with one surviving larva in one gall. Once born, the fly larvae hatch from their eggs and begin eating the inside of the goldenrod stem. The larvae emit a chemical in their saliva which mimics a plant hormone that causes the plant to grow a gall in which the larvae live (Abrahamson and Heinrich, 2000). The larvae stay in the gall and then make an escape tunnel in the fall which they will utilize in the spring. The gallfly larvae
Iron Gall Iron gall inks became prominent in the early 12th century; they were used for centuries and were widely thought to be the best type of ink. However, iron gall ink is corrosive and damages the paper it is written on (Waters 1940). Items containing this ink can become brittle and the writing fades to brown. The original scores of Johann Sebastian Bach are threatened by the destructive properties of iron gall ink. The majority of his works are held by the German State Library, and about 25%
One of the most well-known scientists of the 19th century was a German scientist named Franz Joseph Gall. Claimed as the founder of Phrenology, Gall was a pioneer in his fields of neuroanatomy, and physics, and also widely known for his theories and concepts of the localized functions of the brain and phrenology. His primary goal in his studies was to develop a functional anatomy and physiology of the brain as well as a revised psychology of personality. (http://grants.hhp.coe.uh.edu/clayne/HistoryofMC/HistoryMC/Gall
Megan Pelletier 9/22/15 Ecology Lab Article Summary: Variation in selection pressures on the goldenrod gall fly and the competitive interactions of its natural enemies This article talks about Eurosta solidaginis which is the goldenrod gall fly and its interactions with its natural enemies. The natural enemies that are discussed in this article are Eurytoma gigantea and the E. obtusiventris which are both different types of parasitoid wasps, Mordellistena unicolor which is a beetle and two predatory
practice in the late 1900s most likely gave Conrad the impetus to construct this parodied scene, which depicts Phrenology as a baseless science; however, the practice is not wholly baseless. The founder of Phrenology, Austrian physician Franz Joseph Gall, determined the existence of a relationship “between the morphology of the skull and the human character” (Peter 1). Franz asserted that the brain is responsible for a human’s mental capacities. He attempted to prove this assessment by making statements—found
The common belief that one’s fortune is established by the amount of vitality and effort he or she exerts towards his or her responsibilities was not held by the ancient Greeks, as they considered the destinies of mortals to be predetermined by three goddesses known as the Fates. In the epic poem Theogony, Hesiod chronicled the origins of the Greek gods and first identified the Fates as sisters who worked together to craft the destinies of individuals (Tripp 246). In Homer’s epic poem The Odyssey
which are defined “as any persistent manufactured or processed solid material discarded, disposed of or abandoned in the marine and coastal environment” (Gall, 2015). Glass, metal, paper and plastic are the waste materials that are found the most inn the marine environment (Gall, 2015). They are starting to be recognised as a global problem (Gall, 2015), due to the fact more and more plastics are being produced, and consequently, more are ending up in the ocean, and is more abundant in some areas
naked, immediately transformed him into a deer (Gall 4). In another myth, Artemis fell in love with Orion. Orion was a skilled hunter, but he was devoted to Eos. Artemis, because if her stubbornness, killed him with one of her arrows (Gall 110). Then, Artemis is known as the “goddess of hunting, the wilderness, mountains, forests, and uncultivated lands” (Littleton 156). She is “the protector of women” and her arrows “brought painless death to women” (Gall 108). Artemis helped her mother during childbirth
that they practice on a daily basis. The news article “Polynesians” by Timothy and Susan Gall addresses these hobbies and how a lot of their art is inspired by nature. Some of these include “Woodcarving has been particularly well developed among the Maori of New Zealand” and “the designs and patterns that appeared on bark cloth or woodcarvings also appeared on the human body in the form of tattoos” (Gall 2012 & Gall 2012). They incorporated art into their everyday life and showed it on their bodies.
origins in Siberia and the southern Pacific (Gall & Hobby, 2009). This non-Japanese language means “human” or people (Leeming 2010). There are currently around 1,200 to 2,400 speakers of Ainu that are residing in Hokkaidô. (Leeming 2010). According to Gall and Hobby, Ainu belongs to a Paleo-Asiatic or a Paleo-Siberian community of languages. It consists of two dialects called Hokkaidô and Sakhalin, which are subdivided into other minor dialects (Gall & Hobby, 2009). The Ainu are people that live
Geography of Belize Belize which was formerly known as British Honduras until 1981 is an 8,867 acre plot of land located in Central America. The territory covered by Belize is slightly smaller than the state of Massachusetts (Gall 45). Mexico surrounds Belize to the north, Guatemala to the southwest and the Caribbean Sea to the east. The population of Belize conists of approximately 256,000 people. Rougly seventy-one percent of Belize's population resides in cities such as Belize City, San
lived with Charlemagne, and one who didn’t, it is evident that Charlemagne is portrayed in a negative way by the author, the Monk of St. Gall, and in a positive way by Einhard. Einhard was very close to Charlemagne. He lived at the same time and with Charlemagne himself. His version of “The Life of Charlemagne” was writing right after his death. The Monk of St. Gall wrote his version more than 70 years after Charlemagne’s death. He did not live with or even at the same time as Charlemagne. This is probably
doctor then produces “a thing like calipers and [gets] the dimensions back and front and every way...” (p. 13). The following will provide a description of Phrenology and its implications. A pseudo-science developed by Austrian physician Franz Joseph Gall in the early 1800s, Phrenology is in its most basic form the study of the morphology of the human skull and its relation to human character. Gall’s “doctrine of Phrenology” (www.134.184.33.110/phreno/) is based upon five key principles, which were
personality come from we can tell how dominant this trait would be in a person’s life by the size of the piece of the brain. We have since proven that this theory is not true. Franz Joseph Gall is considered to be the founder of the direct scientific link between the morphology of the skull and personality traits. Gall was one of the first scientists to consider the brain the home of all mental activities. His main work was called The Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System in General, and of the
After 9/11 and the anthrax letter attacks, North America, in particular the United States (U.S.) remains quite vulnerable to an attack (1, 2). According to the article titled “Agroterrorism in the U.S.: Key Security Challenge for the 21st century”, some of the areas in which the U.S. remains vulnerable to attack include: water supplies, food production, food processing, and food distribution. What do these area have in common? They are all connected to agriculture. A bioterrorist attack in which
such as gas and cramping("Probiotics Symptoms, Causes, Treatment” 2). Vitamin A,Vitamin K,calcium,potassium, and protein are a list of many supplements provided in probiotics (Jerkunica,Bailey,and Gall 1). Probiotics play one of the biggest roles in the immune's response system (Jerkunica,Bailey, and Gall 1). However, there are many different types of probiotics claiming to work better than others. With refrigerated and non-refrigerated probiotics out on the market many have wondered what is the huge
Arno Peters. Following this topic, the author announces that all Boston schools will start adopting the Gall-Peters projection, hoping to decrease the chance of future generations receiving false insights on the world. After showing a video clip explaining the details of how the Gall-Peters projection operated, the author went on explaining how size is seen in people's minds. It is said that the smaller the object is, the less important people
gynecologic laparoscopy on a woman also suffering from symptomatic gall stones, he removed it laparoscopically instead of opening up. Dr. Eddie Reddick reported 100 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1989. The classical four port technique of LC as described by Reddick became the most widely adopted technique. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is established as the primary procedure for the vast majority of patients with benign gall bladder disease, both in elective and emergency conditions.The ability
Symbiosis is one of the most interesting concepts in biology. The German mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as the living together of unlike organisms (Paracer & Ahmadijan, 2000). There are numerous symbiotic relationships in nature. However associations between plants and animals have always amused me. There is one particular symbiosis that interested me, which I got to learn a little about from a previously taken biology course. It is the strange symbiosis between figs and fig wasps.