What would your definition of an epidemic be? Do you think of epidemics to automatically be bad? Or do you think epidemics are good? The main issue is that the media, which surrounds our culture today, creates several epidemics and some being bad as expressed in the article Globalization of Eating Disorders by Susan Bordo. Bordo explains how television and other media outlets increased the percentage rate of eating disorders in countries that before were not reported until after television, and other
Dictyocaulus viviparous is a parasite that affects cattle and deer. The lifecycle does not have an intermediate host. Adult male and female worms reside in the bronchial tree of the lung. Eggs are coughed up and swallowed and hatch as they pass through the intestinal tract. Larval worms on the pasture undergo two molts to reach the infectious L3 stage, which retains its L1 and L2 cuticle as a protective sheath. L3 are ingested by grazing cattle, and parasites molt twice before reaching the lung.
and similar virus infections in camelids: a review, 2012. Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz., 2012, 31 (3), 907. National Department of Agriculture: National Directorate Veterinary Services, 2001. Submission to the foot and mouth disease& other epizootics commission of the OIE for the re-instatement of a foot and mouth disease free zone without vaccination, August 2001. [Online] Available: http://www.daff.gov.za/docs/GenPub/fmdreport.htm Accessed: 18 March 2014 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/disease_fmd
This viral disease primarily affects domestic animals but has the ability to affect humans.1, 3, 4 The severity of the disease can range from mild to severe and can be potentially fatal.1 An epidemic in the animal population, also known as an epizootic, could result in increased economic loss as the disease leads to livestock death and spontaneous abortion among pregnant animals .1, 2, 3, 4 A reduction in trade could also result contributing to further economic loss.1, 2, 3, 4 The virus which
The movie ‘Contagion’ was released in 2011 depicting the dramatization of a world-wide pandemic of a virus strain killing millions of people in just a matter of months. The movie brought memories as to how global pandemics such as the swine flu were handled a few years back. The movie demonstrated how health professionals would react to a large-scale spread of an unknown virus. During the movie, several epidemiological concepts were addressed. The influential work of epidemiologists and the on-site
Phar 6724 Introduction to the Immune System and Infectious Disease Emerging Infectious Disease Assignment Spring Semester 2016 Over the last three decades, a significant number of new pathogens have been identified that have been responsible for localized epidemics and outbreaks. Some of these diseases have been widely publicized e.g. West Nile Virus & SARS Coronavirus, Zika virus, Ebola virus etc. One of the functions of the Centers for Disease Control is to conduct research and gather information
The Zulus tribe is an independent clan and the largest ethnic group in South Africa. The Zulu clan reputation is well known for their proud, fierce, and barbaric behavior. According to Ethnologies, in 1816 a new chief Shaka Zulu conquered and created a nation that was named after him. His descendants made up the Zulu clan. During the year of 1820, Native Africans did not have any political rights. The king of the Zulu ethnic groups or clans was the only one allowed to have judicial and legislative
et al., 2005). Bacterial pathogens probably cause more disease problems in aquaculture than all other causes combined (Meyer, 1991). Vibriosis is the well-known cause of severe losses, affecting fish as well as molluscs and crustaceans. Several epizootics of vibriosis have been reported worldwide (Lightner, 1996). Among the bacteria, vibrio species (i.e. bacteria belonging to the species Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio
Parasites and their Virulence Why do some parasites kill the host they depend upon while others coexist with their host? Two prime factors determine parasitic virulence: the manner in which the parasite is transmitted, and the evolutionary history of the parasite and its host. Parasites which have colonized a new host species tend to be more virulent than parasites which have coevolved with their hosts. Parasites which are transmitted horizontally tend to be more virulent than those transmitted
grow into a period of famine succeeding in the years 1315-1322 (“Late”). In 1315, tragedy continued to strike, as spring and summer floods would lead to crop failures and eliminate any surplus grain to sell at the market (“Late”). Aside from crops, epizootics created a small extinction among the livestock of this time (“Late”). This period of hunger and famine took a large hit on the population of Europe. Ten percent of the population died of famine and other epidemics during the period of 1315-1316
Soviet Biopreparat: Inside the Toxic Matryoshka When people think of pharmaceutical companies, they instantly associate the word pharmaceutical with medicine. There are scientists solely dedicated to find the remedy to cancer and incurable diseases. These professionals have devoted their educated lives to help the ailing human population recover. At first glance, the All-Union Production Association Biopreparat appeared as a pharmaceutical company. It presented itself to the world as a civilian
Annotated Bibliography Research Question: What is causing coral reefs around the world to bleach? Can we do anything about it? Baker, Andrew c. “Climate change and coral reef bleaching: An ecological assessment of long-Term impacts, recovery trends and future outlook.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Academic Press, 17 Sept. 2008, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771408003405. This website gives a large historical overlook and possible conclusion to the issue of coral reef
Imagine a lush underwater place. Beautiful structures colorful animals and places that would never have been thought of before. In reality that's not what it really looks like, really the ocean is a desolate place that is barren like a desert. Many marine species have been lost by as much as 49%.(seeker) A big part of that reason is because of coral bleaching which causes as stated above a decline in species that depend on the coral as there home. Coral bleaching is a serious problem that could cause
Ocean warming is one of the biggest issues that the current generation is facing. Most people don't even know that there is something called ocean warming; people are not realising that our oceans are warming. And even if they do, they think that it is better for surfing and other activities. The ocean has been warming for more than a century by absorbing nearly 90% of the extra heat trapped within the earth by greenhouse gas. Ocean warming is the main reason for the earth’s radiative imbalance.
Vibrio species are commonly found in culture facilitates all over the world. Vibrio-related infections frequently occur in hatcheries, but epizootics are also common in pond reared fish species. Vibriosis is caused by the gram-negative family Vibrionaceae bacteria. Outbreaks occur when the environmental factors is changed and triggered the rapid multiplication of bacteria (Sizemore & Davis, 1985)
Have you noticed that influenza has been in a bit of an uproar in the world for the last few past years? When news spread out about the two teams of researchers had purposefully tweaked H5N1 bird flu in the lab to potentially make it more transmissible among human beings. Those two scientists Yoshihiro Kawaoka and Ron Fouchier had with the expectation of swift publication. The National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) did something unprecedented: they ruled that the two papers should
The Need for Deer Hunting Years ago, killing animals for food was part of the average man’s everyday life. While, now a days, hunting is questioned by many across the world because it is commonly viewed as a recreational activity. Many residents have a problem with the dangers that come with hunting. Not to mention, as time goes on, society seems to feel differently about animals and how they should be treated. One of the biggest debates is the harvest of white tailed deer. All over the United States
In the middle of the fourteenth century, disaster struck Europe. A ravaging pestilence spread at an alarming rate through city and countryside alike. Beginning as a tiny spark in Genoa, the wildfire that was the Black Death enveloped nearly all of Europe, from Italy to Britain, in a span of about three years (C. Kohn, 25). Up to 38 million lives were claimed in less than a decade, distinguishing the Black Death one of the worst pandemics in human history (C. Kohn, 25). The disease behind this catastrophe
Prion Diseases Abstract Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are neurodegenerative diseases that are thought to be caused by the misfolding of prion proteins. Prions are able to replicate in the absence of nucleic acids. TSEs include: scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease, and Fatal Familial Insomnia. They can affect many different animals, including humans. Currently, there are no ways to diagnose, treat