Who is Elizabeth Loftus? Some might say a dreamer; others might say the greatest psychological theorist ever, while some might say a great person. According to the information complied by Colleen Born, Elizabeth Loftus was born on October 16, 1944 in the state of California. She grew up with her family here and got her high school diploma. With a love of math growing up she wanted to study it further as a life career, she also wanted to teach but became very interested in the human mind, questioning
“Dr. Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of Washington who testified as an expert on eyewitness testimony, described the challenge these lawsuits presented for psychologists. “The challenge,” she said, was to show that “an entirely false, traumatic memory” could be planted in someone’s mind.” (Lynn Crook, M.Ed, 2010) Falsifying memories or manipulated memories is a deep, complex study discovered by Elizabeth Loftus of Los Angeles, California. This study was originally brought
In her speech on memory, Elizabeth Loftus (2013) asserts, “Memory works a little bit more like a Wikipedia page: You can go in there and change it, but so can other people.” Elizabeth Loftus is a memory expert, she does not, however, study forgetting, as some may assume when told what she studies. Loftus (2013) says in her speech, “I study the opposite [of forgetting]: when [people] remember, when they remember things that didn't happen or remember things that were different from the way they really
In recent years, the use of eyewitness testimonies as evidence in court cases has been a subject in which various researchers have been interested in. Research suggests that eyewitness testimonies are actually not reliable enough to use as primary evidence in court cases. There have been many cases in which an innocent person gets sent to prison for a crime they did not commit because an eyewitness testified that they were the ones that they saw at the scene of the crime. Researchers’ goal is to
Perhaps the earliest theory is known as the overwrite or trace alteration account (Ayers & Reder 1998). This theory states that the original (correct) memory was overwritten and replaced by the false information provided (Loftus 1975, 1979; Loftus et al., 1978). Once the false information is encoded in the brain, the true information disappears from memory. For example, if someone knew that the capital of Russia is Moscow, but was later told by someone that the capital is actually
Who Puts Memory on Trial goes into great detail about the encounters an expert witness, on memory especially, might come across by telling true stories from Dr. Elizabeth Loftus’s experiences with the help of Katherine Ketcham. It also provides information about Loftus’s work and research on memory and its limitations and malleability (Loftus & Ketcham, 1991). Applying research on memory to this novel allows one to better understand the implications of the prosecutor’s case more effectively. The
an effect on how they remember that event later. This is just one example of how the misinformation effect can change how an event is described. The study of the misinformation effect dates back to the 1970s with an experiment by Elizabeth Loftus and coworkers (Loftus, Miller, & Burns, Semantic Integration of Verbal Information Into a Visual Memory, 1978). The experiment involved participants that were shown a series of slides with a car that stops at a stop sign and then turns and hits a pedestrian
will confuse the truth with fantasy. In turn, using a non-bias and objective approach to interviewing or questioning will help the children recall the correct memory (Loftus, Leitner & Berstein, 2011). Works Cited Kassin, Fein, & Markus. (2010). Social psychology with study guide (8th ed.). Cengage learning: Mason, OH Loftus, E.F., Leitner, R.L., Berstein, D.M. (2011). Reconstructive memory. Retrieved March 2, 2011, from http://www.education.com/reference/article/reconstructive-memory/
always represent actual traumatic experiences, for example, Fredrickson (1992) who argues for a 'repressed memory syndrome' and, on the other side, by those describing a growing epidemic of false memories of abuse which did not occur. (Gardner, 1992; Loftus, 1993; Ofshe & Watters, 1993; Yapko, 1994). Recovery of repressed memories that lead to acc... ... middle of paper ... ...l & Howell Information and Learning-ProQuest) on the World Wide Web: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb 3. Kandel, E. (1994
Andres Lima Psychology 100 Project #1 05-02-2016 Elizabeth F. Loftus She was born Elizabeth Fishman in Bel Air, California, where she grew up alongside her parents and siblings. Her dad was in the U.S. Army while her mother was a librarian (Zagorski), whom tragically died when Loftus was only 14 years of age. It is thought that her mother could have committed suicide due to depression and it is implied that there was little communication with her father at the time if not for mathematics. She married
Krauss, A. (2005) is an interview with Elizabeth Loftus, a professor of psychology and law at the University of California in Irvine. Loftus tells us that human memories are routinely wrong. Loftus has participated in research which has proved that eyewitness testimony can be flawed and that courtroom attorneys can influence a witness's memory of events. “In courtrooms, eyewitnesses who incorrectly recall the color of an accused perpetrator's shirt can send an innocent person to prison potentially
With the help of Katherine Ketcham, Dr. Elizabeth Loftus wrote Witness for the Defense: The Accused, the Eyewitness, and the Expert Who Puts Memory on Trial to speak out for all of the victims of false accusations in the justice system making readers think twice before putting someone in jail for life. It puts the injustices of memory into perspective. Loftus is an expert witness in court cases where there is no sufficient evidence against the convict other than that of eyewitness testimony. She
Biographical Elizabeth F. Loftus was born Elizabeth Fishman on October 16th, 1944. She grew up in Bel Air, California with her parents Sidney and Rebecca Fishman, and had a high interest in fictionalized crime books (Zagorski, 2005). When Elizabeth was 14, her mother Rebecca drowned in a swimming pool. To cope with her loss, she kept a diary that contained her thoughts. Interesting enough, she would write her thoughts onto a separate piece of paper that she would attach in her diary, and remove
Elizabeth Loftus was famous for contributing in the fields of cognitive psychology and human memory. Elizabeth has become a leading psychologist in the study of memory. Her experiments revealed how our memories change by the things we are told about. Our memories can be molded and how we can make ourselves believe false memories and then as time goes on they become more and more real. False memories are actually what she is most famous for. Elizabeth was born in Los Angeles on October 16th, 1944
Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus’ main focus in the 1975 journal article, “Leading Questions and the Eyewitness Report”, was on the influence of leading/misleading information in terms of both visual imagery and wording of questions in relation to eyewitness testimony. The problem that she investigated was that the questions asked about an event shortly after it occurs may distort the witness’ memory for that event. The research hypothesis was that the wording of questions asked immediately after
Analysis of Elizabeth Loftus’ Eyewitness Testimony in the Lockerbie Bombing Case Jelena Petrovic University of the Ozarks Analysis of Elizabeth Loftus’ Eyewitness Testimony in the Lockerbie Bombing Case The following summary will examine the article Eyewitness testimony in the Lockerbie bombing case by Elizabeth Loftus, a cognitive psychologist form University of California, Irvine, CA and analyze the elements of social cognition she talks about in her article. The “Crime Scene” The article Eyewitness
Roger Chillingworth’s Development and Perception in The Scarlet Letter In The Scarlet Letter, Roger Chillingworth is not so much a character as he is a symbol. Unlike other characters such as Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale, Chillingworth is a flat character that mostly serves as the devil’s agent on earth. As the story progresses, the townspeople’s perception of Chillingworth drastically changes. They go from viewing him as a gift from God to seeing him as a hinderance to Arthur Dimmesdale
The main protagonist of Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennet is a cheeky, intelligent, good natured young lady that often lets her own opinions and feelings get the better of her and her judgment, which has majorly influenced her impressions of Mr. Darcy and Mr. Wickham throughout the novel. Although Mr. Darcy can be quite condescending and Mr. Wickham can be charming and maybe even chivalrous at the beginning, they both turned out not quite what others may have first believed since, well you can
Lizzie Borden is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of slaughtering her father and stepmother in cold blood. She had very compelling motives for doing this. One of her motives was that she had a lot to gain, including upwards of $10 million in today’s money (“9 things you may not know about Lizzie Borden” p. 1), which would be like winning the lottery if she got the money by legitimate means. This would be very good for her because, even though her father had $10 million (in todays money), he didn’t
Williams, she leads other local girls into the woods to perform a dance that Tituba taught them from her homelands of Barbados, to wish death upon John’s wife, Elizabeth. When the ritual is discovered by Reverend Paris, the girls are brought to trial. Accusations begin to fly, and a literal witch hunt gets underway. Before long, Elizabeth is