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several other debilitating factors such as pain and (near) permanent disability. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is primarily a persistent autoimmune disease which affects synovial joints of the human body. According to Emery (2006), he finds that this is a “long term . . . chronic disease that spreads from joint to joint” (p. 152). Furthermore, it is a disease which primarily assaults the body's immune system by inflaming the synovial joints. The joint tissue is damaged by inflammation of the joint lining
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease – a disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks the joints, connective tissues, muscles, tendons, and fibrous tissue. It is characterized by inflammation and destruction of bone and joints, causing pain, joint stiffness, and muscle weakness. It occurs in more than 1% of American and causes disability in millions (Lee, Hale, Hemingway, & Woolridge, 2012). As a wonder drug for RA is yet to be discovered, people with RA may also
Lyme disease first took notice as pediatric arthritis incidents in Lyme, Connecticut dating back to 1970. It has since then become a grim public health distress in Europe and certain areas in the United States. Additionally, it has been the most common vector-borne disease in the United States (Glass et al., 1995). Lyme disease is a growing epidemic according to Nichols (2013) and is thought to be widely unreported since becoming a nationally classifiable disease in 1991. True numbers may indicate
with inflammation sometimes seen in and around the lungs, the heart, the eyes and the skin. The most commonly reported complaint by arthritis patients is pain. The pain might be from the joint itself and be a result of inflammation, damage from the disease, or through daily wear and tear. Muscle pain is also common and is caused by having to force movements against stiff and painful joints. Although range of movement in the affected joint may be limited and uncomfortable, physical exercise has been
two preferred/formulary targeted immunomodulators, if available (e.g. Humira, Enbrel). This determination was based upon Capital BlueCross' Medical Policy Criteria regarding Medical Necessity Criteria for Pharmaceuticals: Biologic Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) RXCRIT-4. External case review by a board certified Rheumatologist was obtained, who concurred with
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory and an autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissue (Rheumatoid arthritis, 2017). This disease affects the entire body, which is called a systemic (means entire body) disease. Arthritis is derived from the word part arthr-, which means “joint,” and -itis, which means “inflammation,” so altogether it means “inflammation of the joints.” It creates inflammation that causes the tissue that lines the inside