experiment demonstrated how to purify benzoic acid by means of recrystallization. The original benzoic acid solid sample used contained 5% salicylic acid, an impurity. Benzoic acid is of the following structure: Salicylic is of the following structure: For part 1, after boiling and dissolving benzoic acid in water, we allowed the solution to cool and recrystallize, first at air temperature and then on ice. As the solution cooled at air temperature, the benzoic acid started to recrystallize, with a
the mixture. The percent recovery of the benzoic acid was 44%. Based on the percent recovery of each sample, the amount of original sample that was lost in the extraction and work-up was 32.5 %. Based on the melting point ranges of the isolated compounds, the purity can be estimated. Based on the literature value of the Benzoic acid which was determined from the Sigma-Aldrich chemistry book available in the lab, to be 121-125 ̊C, the isolated benzoic acid compound was found to be pure because the
Preparing Benzoic Acid from Benzylalcohol Planning (a) Problem The aim of this experiment is to synthesize benzioc acid, with the highest possible yield, by oxidizing benzylalcohol. Hypothesis We expect the percentage yield to be about 50% due to several processes such as cooling and filtering. Possible Variables - Time - Temperature (of water) - Filter Planning (b) Apparatus/ Materials - Round bottomed flask under reflux - benzylalcohol - HCl - Na2O4
In this experiment, the goal is to separate naphthalene and benzoic acid from one gram of a crude mixture containing them both, using extraction. A general requirement of a solvent in extraction is solvating one of the pure compounds in solution but not the other. Position in the separatory funnel is determined by density of each layer. The denser layer will be on the bottom of the separatory funnel while the less dense layer will be the top layer of the separatory funnel. For extraction to be used
The experiment was conducted in three parts: Part A of the experiment consisted of extracting caffeine from an aqueous solution; Part B consisted of using three different compounds: benzoic acid, succinic acid, and sodium benzoate; and the last part of the experiment consisted of using a solid neutral compound with an acid or base impurity.
of itself. Potassium benzoate and sodium benzoate. “Potassium benzoate (E212), the potassium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria.”(Wikipedia March 31, 2016). It is found in mostly acidic
Liquid Liquid Extraction We were asked to extract benzoic acid from a kerosene-benzoic acid mixture. This was to be done using the stirred liquid-liquid extraction column in the senior laboratory. Fresh water was used as the continuous phase in the extraction. We were asked to measure the benzoic acid concentrations of the feed, raffinate, and extract streams. These measurements were to be made at several different steady-states. The number of theoretical stages and the height of the theoretical
In this experiment, a mixture of three substances (benzoic acid, 2-naphthol, and 1-4 dimethoxybenzene) will be separated based off acidity strength using the liquid-liquid extraction technique through a separatory funnel. Benzoic acid and 2-napthol will be converted into ionic salts when reacting with their appropriate bases (sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide). Both ionic salts will then form solids through the addition of acidic HCl. Neutral 1,4 – dimethoxybenzene forms a solid through
Introduction/Background Acid- Base Extraction is a method used to separate organic compounds from mixtures. The theory of Acid-Base Extraction states most organic compounds are more soluble in organic solvents than in water. However, if the organic compound is rendered ionic, it becomes more soluble in water than in the organic solvent (Schaller). Because the two solvents are immiscible, they will form two layers which allows for separation of the lower layer using a separatory funnel. The name “Acid-Base Extraction”
In this experiment, the following chemicals were used; benzocaine, benzoic acid, ethyl acetate, sodium hydroxide, acetone, sodium benzoate, hydrogen chloride, methylene chloride, and glacial acetic acid. In this experiment, acetone was used to make sure that the glassware being used was clean and dry and there was not any residue of leftover chemicals. Benzocaine, a local anesthetic, and Benzoic acid, a mild irritant, are the two products that were to be isolated and cleaned up using various techniques
Corrected Text Slide 1: Aromatic acids Learning Objectives At the end of this class session, you will be able to know about • Preparation and properties of aromatic acids Slide 2: Introduction Aromatic carboxylic acids belong to the group of carboxylic acids. Aromatic acids are white crystalline solids that are soluble in hot water, alcohol and ether. It is partially soluble in cold water. Slide 3: Explanation Preparation of aromatic acids Teacher: Hi, students. Today we are going to learn about
This reaction is an example of the synthesis of a carboxylic acid utilizing a Grignard reagent. The reaction starts with the formation of a Grignard reagent; when the bromine on bromobenzene bonds to magnesium metal using the solvent, anhydrous diethyl ether. Using an ether is important due to the ability for its lone electron pairs help to stabilize the positive charge on magnesium. Once the Grignard reagent is obtained, the carbon, from the dry ice, will kick off the magnesium bromide and replace
reaction by the means of amino benzoic acid alongside ethanol. The product was also precipitated from a solution in order to gain a pH of 8.The secondary aim was to esterify the reaction in an equilibrium reaction catalysed via the addition of acid shown below: Experimental Reactants used: 4- Aminobenzoic used: 3.03g (0.018 moles) Ensure gloves are worn at all times when handling strong acids and bases within the experiment of the preparation of benzocaine. 4-aminobenzoic acid (3.0g, 0.022 moles) was
How should I use benzoic acid and salicylic acid? This medicine is usually applied 2 times per day. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not use this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Do not take by mouth. Benzoic acid and salicylic acid is for use only on the skin. Do not use this medicine on open wounds or on sunburned, windburned, dry, chapped, or irritated skin. If this medicine gets in your eyes, nose, mouth, rectum, or vagina, rinse with
determine which is most effective in synthesizing methyl m-nitrobenzoate. The pathway implemented in this experiment used acetophenone as its starting material and converted it to benzoic acid. The benzoic acid was then nitrated to m-nitrobenzoic acid, and the m-nitrobenzoic acid transformed into methyl m-nitrobenzoate. Benzoic Acid The first reaction
accomplish the task? What techniques were used to purify and identify the product(s) of the reaction? In this experiment, an acid-base extraction was done to separate a mixture of an unknown acid and fluorene, a neutral compound. The possible unknown acids were 2-chlorobenzoic acid, 3-chlorobenzoic acid, and 3-methylbenzoic acid. The purification of the isolated unknown acid was performed by recrystallization and its identity was established by analyzing the melting point range of the pure product
Acid Base Extraction The purpose of this laboratory assignment was two-fold, first, we were to demonstrate the extraction of acids and bases, finally, determining what unknowns were present. Second, we were to extract caffeine from tea. These two assignment will be documented in two separate entities. Introduction: Acid/base extraction involves carrying out simple acid/base reactions in order to separate strong organic acids, weak organic acids neutral organic compounds and basic organic substances
When approaching the topic of hair chemistry, one may think about the question, where does hair come from? Saclike holes called follicles are located all over the human body. At the bottom of these follicles are a cluster of papilla responsible for the growth of hair. As the papilla, otherwise known as hair bulbs reproduce to make new hair cells, the old ones are pushed up towards the surface of the skin causing the hair to grow longer. This may seem like a simple concept to grasp. However, the process
of soda, is sodium bicarbonate. (Baker Bettie, 2013) Sodium bicarbonate has a high pH, that when incorporated with another acid will react quickly. Although carbon dioxide, is created when baking soda is combined with an acid with low pH. Baking soda will make cookies rise during the baking process, once it reacts with an acid. There must be a common acid (examples of acids are: buttermilk, sour cream, citrus juice, vinegar, and cream of tartar) added to the recipe to produce CO2 if the baking soda
As you may know, when you mix baking soda and vinegar there is a big reaction, but have you ever wondered how this reaction happens? Well in order to find out how it happens you will need to know the elements that make up baking soda and vinegar. You will also learn why these elements are where they are on the periodic table and what is released during the baking soda and vinegar reaction. Baking soda is made out of sodium, carbon, and 2 oxygens while vinegar is made up of 4 hydrogens, 3 carbons