occurring near the join with the stomach, are usually adenocarcinomas, derived from stomach-like cells. This is particularly the case when stomach-type (columnar) cells have replaced squamous cells at the lower end of the gullet, a condition known as Barrett’s Oesophagus. What causes cancer of the oesophagus? This cancer is particularly common in some parts of Africa and China and is probably related to local diet or the way food is cooked. In the West, important risk factors are cigarette smoking
stomach backs up into your esophagus. The acid backs up when the muscle around the bottom of the lower esophagus (lower esophageal sphincter) either becomes weak or does not close normally and the acid leaks out. As the acid backwashes into the esophagus the lining in the lower esophagus can become irritated an start to become narrow (esophageal stricture) as well as sores can form which causes bleeding (esophageal ulcer). If this condition or changes to the lower esophagus progresses it could lead
1. a. The gastroileal reflex is when distention of the stomach increases intestinal discharge to the large intestine. The reflex is stimulated by the presence of food in the stomach and gastric peristalsis. The gastroileal reflex causes peristalsis in the ileum which opens the ileocecal valve allow food to enter the large intestines. This is an example of a feedforward system because it works by enhancing the motility of the distal parts in order to make room for what is to come. b. The swallowing
Difficulty in swallowing or dysphagia is a problem with the the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus or gastro pharyngeal junction. It is common in the adult individuals and there are as high as 22% in adults over 50 years of age [ASHA,] Dysphagia can have an overwhelming effect on a person’s health. It is present in 42% to 67% of patients within the first 3 days of stroke ( 3 Trapl). Dysphagia’s effect is the inability to manipulate and push food and liquid through the oral cavity. Common causes of
At the beginning of this experiment, we started with observations. We examined the sheep pluck through sight and touch. One of the most prominent aspect that struck me was the structure of the trachea. The trachea was long, tubular and the interior was lined with rings and ridges. The ridges were made of cartilage which provided rigidity and structure. The stiffness helped to keep the trachea open or else it would collapse which makes it difficult for air to enter and travel down to the lungs. Even
contents in the stomach travel back into the esophagus and create heartburn, a burning feeling in the chest and even throat (“What Is GERD?”, 2016). Other symptoms include coughing, breathing, nausea, and chest pain swallowing problems (“What Is GERD?”, 2016). To conclude, no it is not Robert’s heart. 2. The first test the physician should have ordered to make this diagnosis easier is esophageal pH monitoring. This provides measurement of acid in the esophagus, most objective way to check severe GERD
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disease that happens when stomach acid, or even bile back flows (refluxes) into the food pipe, which is called the esophagus. The flow back of acid irritates the lining of the esophagus and results in signs and symptoms of GERD (Mayo Clinic, 2014). Signs and Symptoms of GERD includes: Signs and symptoms of GERD includes but not limited to, heartburn- A burning sensation in your chest which often sometimes
Soda, Pop, Coke, Soda Pop, Soft Drink, there’s so many names for this sugary beverage everyone loves, and there’s also so many reasons as to how it’s bad for one’s health and why one shouldn’t drink it. Drinking this sugary beverage can cause diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and even tooth decay. It can also affect one’s bones, stomach, and skin. There’s also a whole lot more things soda does to affect one’s health. A major problem with drinking soda is that it can lead to diabetes. Diabetes rates