At the beginning of this experiment, we started with observations. We examined the sheep pluck through sight and touch. One of the most prominent aspect that struck me was the structure of the trachea. The trachea was long, tubular and the interior was lined with rings and ridges. The ridges were made of cartilage which provided rigidity and structure. The stiffness helped to keep the trachea open or else it would collapse which makes it difficult for air to enter and travel down to the lungs. Even when we dissected parts of the trachea off, the disassembled pieces remained rigid and kept their shape. We progressed the observation to the lungs and the heart. I had a moment of confusion when I saw the heart because the apex was protruding out from between the lungs. I had forgotten we were dissecting an animal and I did not adjust my thinking of anatomy from humans to animals. Since the entire heart of the sheep was not embedded between the lungs, it required extra support to protect it from trauma and force. This explained why the sheep heart was …show more content…
Through the examination, it was evident that the tissues within the heart varied significantly in thickness and size. We were able to insert our fingers through the blood vessels. By doing so, we were able to identify whether the vessel was an artery or vein. The artery of the heart was much thicker and bigger than the veins, this was because the arteries were responsible for transferring oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body, which requires great strength. The heart itself created pressure differences that helped blood to flow from high to low pressure. The artery pumped blood at high pressure so that it could travel to all the body parts. The thick walls of the arteries were needed to withstand the high pressure coming from the heart. The blood returned to the heart through veins, and because of the lower pressure, the walls of the veins were
The bond between humans and nature, it is fascinating to see how us has humans and nature interact with each other and in this case the essay The Heart’s Fox by Josephine Johnson is an example of judging the unknown of one's actions. She talks about a fox that had it's life taken as well as many others with it, the respect for nature is something that is precious to most and should not be taken advantage of. Is harming animals or any part of nature always worth it? I see this text as a way of saying that we must be not so terminate the life around us. Today I see us a s experts at destroying most around us and it's sad to see how much we do it and how it's almost as if it's okay to do and sadly is see as it nature itself hurts humans unintentionally
In Labs 22 through 26, my lab partner and I were assigned a fetal pig to perform a dissection on in order to understand anatomy, the study of an organism’s structure1, and physiology, the study of the functions and activities of a living organism2. Throughout these labs, we studied the structure of the fetal pig and performed experiments to understand four system processes: digestion, cardiovascular, respiratory, and excretory. Dissecting an organism, physically moving and seeing the different portions of the organism, especially of a fetal pig, is very important. This helps in the understanding of the skeletal structure and what series of physical and chemical processes the mammalian species body performs in order to survive.
In 1615 at the age of 37 Harvey became the Lumleian Lecture specializing in Surgery. William Harvey discovered his finding of the Circulation of Blood by ignoring medical textbooks and dissecting animals. He gained all or most of his learnings from observations of cutting open veins and arteries of living animals. Many people of this modern time thought because there weren’t any anesthetics that Harvey was cruel for cutting open living animals. I think that if it wasn’t for William Harvey and all of his studies and dissections that we wouldn’t be able to learn teach and save as many people as we can today. We as people have learned a lot from the many studies and dissections throughout Harvey’s lifetime. We have learned that blood, arteries, and veins are all within the same origin, blood in the arteries sent to the tissues are not stay there, the body‘s circulation mechanism was designed for the movement of liquid and that blood carrying air is still blood, the heart moves all movements of blood not the liver, hearts contract the same time as the pulse is felt, ventricle’s squeeze blood into main arteries, the pulse is formed by blood being pushed into arteries making them bigger, there are no vessels in the heart’s septum, lastly there is no to in from of blood in the veins there is only
of the heart: one chamber is on the top and one chamber is on the
The development of the artificial heart began in the early 1950’s. The initial prototype, developed in 1970’s by the artificial developmental staff at the University of Utah, allowed 50 hours of sustained life in a sheep. Although this was called a success, the implantation of the artificial heart left the sheep in a weakened state. It wasn’t until late 1970’s and the early 1980’s where the improvement of the artificial heart actually received attention as a possible alternative to a heart transplant. The remodeled product of the early 1970’s did more than just the 50 hours of sustained life; it enabled the cow to live longer and to live a relatively normal life, with the exception of a machine attached to the animal.
The science and history of the heart can be traced back as far as the fourth century B.C. Greek philosopher, Aristotle, declared the heart to be the most vital organ in the body based on observations of chick embryos. In the second century A.D, similar ideas were later reestablished in a piece written by Galen called On the Usefulness of the Parts of the Body. Galen’s thesis was that the heart was the source of the body’s essential heat and most closely related to the soul. Galen made careful observations of the physical properties of the heart as well. He said “The heart is a hard flesh, not easily injured. In hardness, tension, in general strength, and resistance to injury, the fibers of the heart far surpasses all others, for no other instrument performs such continues, hard work as the heart”(Galen, Volume 1).
The elasticity of the walls is important because it reduces the possibility of them bursting. Also as blood rushes out the heart in high pressure the walls stretch and become wider reducing the
The film, Killer of Sheep scrutinizes the African American Los Angeles ghetto of Watts in the mid-1970s through the eyes of the protagonist Stan. The story is centered around Stan’s efforts to keep his family out of poverty through brutal labor in a slaughterhouse. Frustrated by financial struggle, the film documents his struggle to retain dignity and integrity in the face of deprivation, and temptation. Furthermore, it showcases the standing conflict of neocolonialism in the predatory, yet self sufficient economy. Unlike others classics, this film presents life as dull, yet filled with moments of simple beauty such as holding your daughter, dancing with your partner, or the warmth of a teacup against your cheek. Killer of Sheep portrays an
The field of anatomy at this point was in chaos the reason being that no one truly knew what animal tissues were made of. Zoology was seriously underdeveloped compared to botany and this was because animal cells were so much harder to see than plant cells. In fact, scientist did not realize that there were cells there at all and this gave rise to the notion that animal tissues must be fundamentally different from that of plants. But Theodore Schwann a zoologist, who was born in 1810 and died in 1882, was using an innovative way to stain animal tissue and also was utilizing his new Lister style microscope. Through Schwann’s research of animal tissue, he continued to find the same type of globular structure in all the different types of tissue
The dissection of humans allowed scientists to understand more about the body and the “mysterious” heart
The heart serves as a powerful function in the human body through two main jobs. It pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout the body and “blood vessels called coronary arteries that carry oxygenated blood straight into the heart muscle” (Katzenstein and Pinã, 2). There are four chambers and valves inside the heart that “help regulate the flow of blood as it travels through the heart’s chambers and out to the lungs and body” (Katzenstein Pinã, 2). Within the heart there is the upper chamber known as the atrium (atria) and the lower chamber known as the ventricles. “The atrium receive blood from the lu...
The larynx provides a passageway for air between the pharynx and the trachea. The trachea is made up of mainly cartilage which helps to keep the trachea permanently open. The trachea passes down into the thorax and connects the larynx with the bronchi, which passes to the lungs. 3. Describe the mechanisms of external respiration including the interchange of gases within the lungs.
Outer double-layered serous membrane is known as the pleural cavity aids in optimal functioning of the lungs for breathing. The cavity contains pleural fluid, which acts as a lubricant allowing the pleurae to slide effortless alongside each other while respiratory movements occur (Known Your Body, 2016).
The first step was to obtain the White Rat and to tie it in the supine position, anterior surface facing up in side the dissection pan. To tie the animal, we used butcher’s twine and secured the front and hinds legs using a “lasso” technique, careful not touch the sharp claws. To make the first insicion I had to locate the Xifoid Process of the rat (distal aspect of the sternum). Once I had located the Xifoid Process, I had to use forceps to pull the skin of the animal’s abdomen up and use the scissors to cut. The first incision is made from stem to sternum, cutting through the errectos abdomen muscle down to the groin. The second incision ion is perpendicular to the first below the diaphragm. Because of this technique we were able to open the abdominal cavity first. The third and forth incisions were made bilaterally above the legs. The last two incisions were made in upside down “V” shape on the collarbone, to expose the thoracic cavity. This dissection was both sharp, because of the use of the scissors and scapel and blunt because of the use of the probe and forceps to move organs and skin to expose other organs not yet identified.
The heart goes through many stages of change during embryonic development including those of cardiac looping and heart tube fusion (Martinsen 2005). The heart is of interest as many fatalities are due to heart defects and understanding the changes throughout the process of heart development could help with identifying the causes and treatments for these defects. In this report, the structure of the heart in the chick embryo at 40 and 56 hours will be compared.