White Rat Dissection Lab Report GOALS: Learn about the anatomy of the White Rat. Gain dexterity with instruments used in the dissection procedure. Compare and /or contrast the anatomy of the White Rat with that one of the Human body. MATERIALS AND INSTRUMENTS: Cadaver of a White rat, preserved in chloroform. A dissection pan, Butcher’s twine, Bounty paper towels, latex gloves. 3. Instruments used in the dissection kit: Scissors; Forceps; Scalpel; and the Probe PROCEDURE: The first step was to obtain the White Rat and to tie it in the supine position, anterior surface facing up in side the dissection pan. To tie the animal, we used butcher’s twine and secured the front and hinds legs using a “lasso” technique, careful not touch the sharp claws. To make the first insicion I had to locate the Xifoid Process of the rat (distal aspect of the sternum). Once I had located the Xifoid Process, I had to use forceps to pull the skin of the animal’s abdomen up and use the scissors to cut. The first incision is made from stem to sternum, cutting through the errectos abdomen muscle down to the groin. The second incision ion is perpendicular to the first below the diaphragm. Because of this technique we were able to open the abdominal cavity first. The third and forth incisions were made bilaterally above the legs. The last two incisions were made in upside down “V” shape on the collarbone, to expose the thoracic cavity. This dissection was both sharp, because of the use of the scissors and scapel and blunt because of the use of the probe and forceps to move organs and skin to expose other organs not yet identified. OBSERVASTIONS: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM SKIN: Yellowish in color covered with wh... ... middle of paper ... ...al side of the kidney. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The reproductive system was mainly located towards the anal area and inferior to the stomach. The penis was located in the middle. It was white in color and looked like a mealworm. The seminal vesicles were located on both sides of the penis. They were grayish pink in color and looked like walnuts. COMPARE AND CONTRAST: There were a few observations proven to be different between the rat’s anatomy in comparison to the human anatomy. First of all, the rat has no gallbladder present in it’s anatomy which a human does. Secondly, the rat’s lungs appeared dark red in color where as a human’s lungs are pink in color. Also the rat’s liver has more lobes as does their lungs compared to a human’s liver and lungs. Besides these said differences, the rat’s anatomy is basically very similar to that of the human body.
Fox, R. 2001. Invertebrate Anatomy OnLine: Artemia Franciscana. Lander University. http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/artemia.html, retrieved February 13, 2011.
Once the external anatomy was observed the pig was then laid down on the dissection pan and held down by rubber bands exposing the ventral side of the pig. Then the cardiovascular and digestive systems were analyzed. The fetal pig did in fact have small teeth which were fairly sharp. Before the lab I wasn’t aware of the intricate details of the mouth cavity or that the kidneys were underneath the intestines. The hardest part was locating the trachea and the gall bladder. Additionally actually feeling the heart and various parts of the fetal pigs internal anatomy made learning the parts of the body
As a woman of mixed race, I don’t think I’ve experienced white privilege. As a child, I never noticed the disparities between races, but that was because I was young. As a child I grew up around many different people of many different races. That was until I moved to Blair, I remember being the only child in my class who was a different skin tone. I also remember being the only family in my neighborhood that was a different race. My dad always tells me the story of how our elderly neighbors would always talk about how nicely dressed we were, and how nice our hair looked. My dad asked him “What are we supposed to look like,
Growing up as an African-American you are always taught to be twice as good. Twice as good as the white people to receive the same treatment as them. I grew up hearing this same phrase constantly but never really understood exactly what it meant until I got old enough to actually see the kind of world we are living in. The author of the article, “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack” Peggy Mclntosh, took as step into shoes of black America and found that white privilege not only exist, but many whites are blind to it. She gives a clear argument about how white privilege is harmful to our society and how we can work together to fix this.
“I was taught to see racism only in individual acts of meanness, not in invisible systems conferring dominance on my group,” Peggy McIntosh wrote in her article White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack. Too often this country lets ignorance be a substitute for racism. Many believe that if it is not blatant racism, then what they are doing is okay. Both the video and the article show that by reversing the terms, there is proof that racism is still very existent in this world. By looking into A Class Divided and White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack along with their ability to broaden the cultural competence, once can see how race is still very prominent in our culture.
In this article “White Privilege: Unpacking the invisible Knapsack” Peggy McIntosh states positive outcomes upon her own race. She had the time to comprehend that she has many advantages due to her racial group. Racism impacted her to realize how white people can get away with many daily activities and also be put before others. I agree with Peggy, you usually see white as an upper class in this society. Depending on whichever race you are from, it will always is there to impact you in many ways. As Peggy describes when she was educating herself, she concluded that her race is very beneficial to her.
Majungatholus atopus roamed the plains of northwestern Madagascar about 70 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous (Perkins, 2003; Rogers et al, 2003). The discovery of 21 tooth-marked elements originating from two Majungatholus atopus individuals suggests evidence that the dinosaur supplemented its diet by feeding on its own dead or hunting them (Rogers et al, 2003). It cannot be confirmed whether they were purely scavengers, hunters, or both. Scientists are certain that the marks are not the doing of any other predator because the teeth marks are not consistent with any other known species that lived in the area. Only one other theropod that inhabited the area during the time Majungatholus atopus did, Masiakasaurus knopfleri, had teeth and bite marks too small to have caused these markings. Two large crocodile species also shared the same ecosystem but their teeth were “too blunt and too irregularly spaced to have produced the narrow grooves found on the Majungatholus bones”(Perkins, 2003). The tooth marks on at least nine Majungatholus elements attest to intertooth spacing in the perpetrators jaw and denticle drag patterns consistent enough to make a compelling case for Majungatholus feeding on other Majungatholus (Rogers et al, 2003).
When the word “race” arises in a conversation, most people in general automatically think skin color, then ethnicity, culture and traditions, but sadly never one before the other. Society is to blame for the reason being, due to lack of educating unity between individuals and developing the non-discriminatory environment and state of mind. In the Oxford dictionaries, the definition of privilege is a “special right, advantage, or immunity granted”, whilst Peggy McIntosh, an associate director of the Wellesley College center for research on women, argues in her essay titled “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack” is “an invisible package of unearned assets which I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I was meant to remain
Most Caucasians look at white privilege and institutional racism as the past, and they are painfully unaware of how it still exists today. Peggy McIntosh took a deeper look into this in her article “White Privilege: The Invisible Knapsack.” In this article she lists many basic privileges that white people experience, many being basic rights that many would never think of. White privilege and institutional racism has managed to sneak its way into this time period, practically going unnoticed by white people. White people cannot see the disadvantages that are placed on other races in everyday life, unless they are made aware of it.
The pancreas can be seen under the stomach and it has a yellow color, much like the color of fat, and it’s about the size and shape of the stomach, although most of it is seen behind it.The spleen, located on the left side of an organism, like the mink or human, is next to the pancreas and it looks like the same dark color more or less of the liver. It is shaped like a circle and is smaller than the stomach. The rectum looks like a long skinny noodle and it is a very light peach color. In length it is larger than some other organs. The small intestine looks like a really long noodle and it is mostly pink while being the largest in length of all the organs in the digestive system. The ...
Fossil evidence suggests that the Cathartid (New World) vultures have been around for quite some time with two fossil species dated from the early Oligocene (about 35 million years ago). During the Pliocene and Pleistocene (about 2 million years ago) th...
While there is no direct indication of the Tyrannosaurus rex having had feathers, scientists now consider that the T. rex had feathers on at least parts of its body. Because of their presence in related species. Mark Norell of the American Museum of Natural History stated with evidence "we have as much evidence that T. rex was feathered, at least during some stage of its life, as we do that australopithecines like Lucy had hair."
The family Spheniscidae is made up of penguins, which are flightless birds, confined almost entirely below the equator (Williams, Wilson, Boersma, Stokes, Davies, & Busby, 1995, pg. 3). Penguins belong to the Chordata order, which gets its name because the organisms have notochords. Notochords are a supporting structure much like a backbone. Another characteristic of the family is that they are filter feeders, which means they can pass water through their mouths and anterior end of the digestive tracts. Penguins belong to the Aves class (Parker, 1982 pg. 822). When thinking of birds some characteristics that come to mind are feathers, wings, the ability to lay eggs, and two legs. Penguins fit all of these criteria and yet their distinguishing characteristics are extensive. For example, their wings are flippers, adapted in order to help them hunt and catch their food. Penguins are the only birds with actual flippers (Kooyman, 2013 pg. 4). In addition to this, the angle at which penguins femurs extend from the hip is twice that of other birds, giving them a human-like posture. Another distinguishing characteristic of the penguin is the tarsometatarus, a bone found only in birds. Penguins have a particularly small tarsometatarus, which is used as an indicator when identifying skeletal remains (Kooyman, 2013, pg. 1). Penguins are divers capable of diving to great depths in order to catch their prey. Although on average, penguins dive much below their potential, feeding in relatively shallow water (Davis & Renner, 2003, pg. 66). According to researchers, some penguins have the potential to dive as deep as 535 meters, about five football fields (Grzimek, Jackson, & Schlager, 2002, pg. 147). While researching I have found dissent...
The Cell, the fundamental structural unit of all living organisms. Some cells are complete organisms, such as the unicellular bacteria and protozoa, others, such as nerve, liver, and muscle cells, are specialized components of multicellular organisms. In another words, without cells we wouldn’t be able to live or function correctly. There are Animal Cells and Plant Cells. In Biology class the other day we studied the Animal Cell. We were split into groups of our own and we each picked a different animal cell slide to observe. My group chose the slide,'; Smeared Frog Blood ';.
Thousands of different types of birds roam the Earth as we know it today, so let’s begin consider the origin of these beings. How had these creatures come to be? What was their original form? The evolution of birds has only recently begun to explode with new information within the last decade (Savile, 1957, p. 212). Birds are unique creatures and inhabit a wide variety of locations, but constant among them is the fact that they came from Archaeopteryx. Over time, three key changes have developed with the bird’s anatomy that makes it a paradigm of evolution.