Radio frequency energy is the energy transmitted by sources that can generate electromagnetic fields like TV signals, radio signal, wireless networks and cell phone towers, by using specially designed circuits connected to a an antenna this electromagnetic energy can be harvested and converted into a usable DC voltage. One of the applications of this technology is in radio frequency identification tags in which harvesting device can receives an RF signal from a sensing device; this RF signal can
Wearable antennas are meant to be worn on human body so that it must be light weight, low profile, flexible, un-obstructive and rugged. To fulfill this requirements, textile materials are used to make wearable antennas. Electrical and dielectric properties of these textile materials are not readily available. Unlike, antennas embedded in portable devices, wearable antennas are designed to work in the complicated body-centric environment. Antenna performance near to human body is different than antenna
Beamforming Networks and Multibeam Antenna Arrays for Low-Cost Satellite and Mobile Systems,” Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 18-30, 2011. [7] S. Sugawara, Y. Maita, K. Adachi and K. mizuno, “Characteristics of a mm-wave tapered slot antenna with corrugated edges,” in Proceedings IEEE MTT-S Microwave Symposium Digest, 1998, pp. 533-536. [8] T. Djerafi and K. Wu, “Corrugated Substrate Integrated Waveguide Antipodal Linearly Tapered Slot Antenna Array Fed by Quasi-Triangular
If voltage is applied to terminals of an antenna A and the current is measured at another antenna B, then an equal current (bot amplitude and phase) will appear at terminals of antenna A if same voltage is applied to antenna B. Application of reciprocity theorem Equality of Directional Patterns Statement: 'The directional pattern of an antenna as a receiving antenna is identical to that when used as a transmitting antenna." Proof: The above mentioned antenna theorem is the outcome of the application
of an Aperture Coupled Microstrip Stacked Patch Antenna For WLAN Applications Abstarct- In this paper microstrip stacked patch antenna with 10mm air gap using aperture coupling technique at frequency of 5.8 GHz has been discussed. Microstrip antennas suffer from a biggest drawback of narrow bandwidth and this can be improved by a technique called aperture coupling and further by stacking of antennas without increase in surface area of antenna. Without stacking bandwidth comes out to be 310 MHz
demand of development of compact antenna to support multiple applications that can be easily integrated within the small space that is available inside the device. In the case of, portable antenna technology has grown along with mobile and cellular technologies. Proper antenna for a device is the most important factor. This will improve transmission and reception of signals, reduce power consumption, long lasting and improve marketability of the device. Antennas used for early portable wireless
Long ago there lived a race of cat people who had much the same problems with antennas that we humans have today: bad reception during the last few seconds of a game, continual snow during their favorite part of their favorite movie, and a severe lack of the "magic position" that one is required to hold when covered in tin foil and grasping the antenna. Unfortunately for them, they did not have this web page to reference and therefore they died. This left an opening for humans. Initially, humans
carry out my research work more efficiently in a group, require an exposure, and a nice microstrip antenna fabrication and characterization facility. I got excited looking at the research areas, faculty and lab at the Ohio state university, the research experience I have gained and the techniques and skills I have learned so far will be of immense help in carrying out work in Electromagnetic and Antennas in this university. It would be a great opportunity to be a part of this university as a PhD student
The Art of Calf Roping It’s 2:00 a.m. Sunday morning. Jake and I are headed down the longest stretch of road in Texas. We have just pulled out of El Paso and are on the way to Fredericksburg to participate in the Frontier Days Rodeo. We were fortunate to have put together a decent run on our last draw and win enough day-money to keep us going for a while. Jake and I are rodeo-bums, to be specific, calf ropers. I am the one who tries to throw the loop of a rope around a calf’s neck and Jake is
bandwidth and spectrum. And by standing on the shoulders of giants, Teletarand Foschinigave the technique of MIMO system which would increase the spectral efficiency of the wireless system to its maximum compared to all the current technologies. Multiple antennas are used for transmission and reception to increases the capacity of the wireless channel.Capacity is expressed as the maximum achievable data rate for an arbitrarily low probabilityof error. Thistechnology received a fillip when TarokhEtA introduced
2.4. Rectangular patch antenna Microstrip antenna is also called as a patch antenna. Microstrip patch antenna contains of a two sides. One side is a radiating patch of a dielectric substrate and the other side is the ground plane side as shown in Fig 2.2. Generally, patch antenna consists of materials that have good conducting properties such as Gold and Copper and it can be made any possible shape. Figure 2.2: The simple design of rectangular patch antenna However, in order to simplify analysis
the dielectric resonator antenna which replaced the simple form of antennas that were being used for the past ten years. These dielectric antenna have been of a great importance to the research work in antenna field as these have a great dielectric constant and higher Q factor than the other isotropic or directive antennas. Earlier these antennas were considered to be energy storage devices but in this paper we have made use of the DRA antennas as radiators. These antennas have been described with
the help of an antenna. This is essentially how data gets transmitted from an AM station onto a radio receiver. Now let’s take at the inner working of an AM receiver and required steps in order to take that signal from the air and into a speaker. Provided below is a block diagram of an AM receiver. Antenna: The purpose of the antenna is to capture the radio signal from the air waves and into the tuner. An AM antenna is simply a wire or a metal stick. Tuner: The antenna will pick up many
The radio is a very important device in our daily living. Although most people do not know what it takes to keep radios working. In a radio there are many elements needed to keep a radio working frequency, resonance and radio waves are all elements needed to power a radio. Frequency means the number of incidence of a repeating event per unit of time. Frequency sends sound signals on a radio wave. FM also stands for frequency modulation. FM and AM are the main chiefs of sending music and words
AM VS FM Have you ever wondered why the fm radio in your car has a higher sound quality when compared to the am radio? But why the am radio has a longer range than the fm radio wave? The following extract will cover the wave theory, wave carriers, and modulation in order to give a thorough understanding of am and fm waves and their surrounding concepts. THE WAVE THEORY: The wave theory states that- waves transfer energy from one point to another; however they do so without transferring matter.
information by 24/7 monitoring • Includes elaborate reporting systems • Supports integrated spectrum analysis • Uses hardware sensors for monitoring Wireless intrusion prevention system consists of three components: • Sensors: These devices contain antennas and radio which scan the wireless spectrum for
Broadcasting has evolved over many years, and digital technology is reshaping broadcasting in the United States. As people discover new things and create new technologies, they become better and greater. Over the years digital technology has made broadcasting a quicker and modernized process. Whether it is recording with faster operational cameras or editing with easy and simple software. Also, broadcasting has become a major gateway of entertainment and has been for years. In the early developments
pilots to communicate with one and another. But once WWII started the use for walkie talkies exploded. The walkie talkie was mainly used for communicating from the war zone to base. At this time, the walkie talkie was a large backpack with one long antenna, a headset going to the person holding the walkie talkie, and a phone for another solder to call in coordination. This type of walkie talkie was also used in the Vietnam War to call in air strikes. In this period, the walkie-talkie weighed around
1. Introduction The Government of Canada defines e-waste as ‘surplus electronic and electrical equipment that is not suitable for reuse'[1]. After the completion of the usage life and with no any further reallocation possible electronic assets are generally classified as waste. The Government of Canada disposes of a broad range of electronic and electrical equipment. For the 2011-2012 fiscal year, federal government spending in this area was estimated to be $1.2B and included computer, laboratory
The Combining of Cable TV and the Internet The Telecommunications Act of 1996 opened the way for cable TV (CATV) companies to become full-fledged telecommunications companies, offering two-way voice and data communications services, in addition to television programming. After passage of the Act, the cable companies were eager to expand into the new fields of business that had been opened to them, especially the rapidly growing Internet Service Provider (ISP) business. The biggest hurdle facing