Zika Virus Flaviviridae belongs to the RNA Virus (No other name for Zika Virus) How many people in the world have had Zika Virus? Zika Virus was first found in Uganda, East Africa in 1947. It was first identified in monkeys, then in 1952 it was identified in humans. Zika is a mosquito-borne illness spread by the Aedes mosquito. Zika can last for about two-seven days. Zika is a mild virus and no one can die from it. In Brazil there was a major outbreak that lasted from 2015-2016. Zika has lasted for a very long time. There have been major outbreaks. When someone has the symptoms of Zika virus they are not very severe like any other disease. Zika typically occurs in tropical climates or in places where there are infected mosquitoes. …show more content…
The main symptoms patients have, are mild fever and a rash. There are also complications like muscle pain, joint pain, headache, pain behind the eyes, and conjunctivitis. People are also likely to not have any symptoms at all. If a woman is pregnant and is or was affected with Zika the child is going to have microcephaly. Microcephaly is a child’s brain that fails to grow to its normal size. Other people with Zika lose the ability to walk and they need to be put in a mechanical ventilator. A mechanical ventilator is a device that helps patients breathe by assisting breathing in and out. Because Zikas symptoms are not to bad, it is not hard to treat them. How the immune system reacts to is the response’s role in nerve related …show more content…
The way Zika can be resolved is to drink a lot of fluids to prevent dehydration. The best fluids to drink with Zika is juice, ginger ale, herbal tea, lemon and honey tea, broth, and ginger tea. It’s also good to get plenty of rest. To reduce the fever and pain it’s good to take acetaminophen (Tylenol®). It’s not good to take Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Motrin, and Advil or any other non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) because it can cause bleeding. Ways Zika can spread is by other people getting infected by mosquitoes and blood transfusion. Ways to prevent Zika is by wearing long sleeve shirts, long pants, and buying clothes with permethrin, which pre-treats the items. When at home it is good to have air conditioning and windows and doors with screens to keep the mosquitoes out. Seven years after Zika was discovered the first human case was reported in Nigeria In Brazil there was more than a million infections that have been reported. In 1948 Zika was recovered from the mosquito Aedes africanus and it was caught on a tree platform.
Many infections end in stillbirth or miscarriage. Children who survive are likely to be born with serious problems, such as, seizures, an enlarged liver and spleen, yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) and severe eye infections. Often, infected children don't develop signs and symptoms until later on, symptoms include hearing loss, mental disability or serious eye infections.
Most people who are exposed to the fungus experience symptoms, but do not get sick. The signs—fever, cough, and exhaustion—are difficult to distinguish from the flu, and can last for weeks to months. In people with weakened immune systems, the infection can cause more severe conditions such as meningitis or death. There is no vaccine for valley fever, and many in the general public (including the medical community) know very little about the illness. This lack of knowledge has allowed many milder cases to go undiagnosed, leading to underreporting.
Polio is a viral disease. It cripples thousands of people and infects even more every year. Even though millions are inoculated, and the polio disease has been successfully purged from hundreds of countries still thousands of people and developing countries are infected and still people are dying. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) polio affects the Central Nervous System, or CNS; by infesting the intestines and transmitting it into the nerves thought the blood vessels. There the virus spreads through the nerve cells to the brain stem or other motor units, while forever damaging the nerves.
West Nile Virus gets its name from its birthplace in the West Nile District. According to (Gubler, Duane, Marfin, Anthony & Petersen, Lyle, 2003) it was in 1937 that Uganda had its first isolated case of West Nile Virus (para. 4). This first case was found in the blood of a woman determined to be febrile.
While many forms of encephalitis exist, West Nile Virus was first isolated and identified in the West Nile District of Uganda in 1937. The virus, which was seemingly isolated to North Eastern Africa, became recognized as a cause of severe human meningoencephalitis (inflammation of the spinal cord and brain) in elderly patients during an outbreak in Israel in 1957. In addition to the human victims of this disease, the virus was found Egypt and France during 1960s to have fatal effects within horses. While this disease spread through Northern African and Southern Europe, 1999 marked the first appearance of West Nile Virus in North America, with encephalitis reported in both humans and horses.
A person can prevent the disease. And, there are many ways to do this. One is to put on insect repellent with Deet. Another is to wear long sleeves and long pants. Also, tuck your pants in socks. And, wear a hat. Finally, stay away from wooded areas.
Ebola Zaire was identified in 1976 in Northern Zaire and was the first documented appearance of the virus.
The Ebola Haemorrahagic Fever, or Ebola for short, was first recognized as a virus in 1967. The first breakout that caused the Ebola virus to be recognized was in Zaire with 318 people infected and 280 killed. There are five subtypes of the Ebola virus, but only four of them affect humans. There are the Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan, Ebola-Ivory Coast and the Ebola-Bundibugyo. The fifth one, the Ebola-Reston, only affects nonhuman primates. The Ebola-Zaire was recognized on August 26, 1976 with a 44 year old schoolteacher as the first reported case. The Ebola-Sudan virus was also recognized in 1976 and was thought to be that same as Ebola-Zaire and it is thought to have broken out in a cotton factory in the Sudan. The Ebola-Ivory Coast was first discovered in 1994 in chimpanzees in the Tia Forest in Africa. On November 24, 2007, the Ebola-Bundibugyo branch was discovered with an approximate total of 116 people infected in the first outbreak and 39 deaths. The Ebola-Reston is the only one of the five subtypes to not affect humans, only nonhuman primates. It first broke out in Reston, Virginia in 1989 among crab eating macaques.
Prior to the identification of the virus in 1967, very little is known about the history of the virus. It is possible that the disease had existed previously, but no information exists about the virus prior to 1967. The virus was identified by virologists in Marburg and Hamburg, Germany, three months after the initial outbreak.
1347 and came from the steppes area of Central Asia. The disease had been in the
Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is common in babies, children, teenagers and young adults. It can cause blood poisoning and affect the brain and nerves. Viral meningitis can make you very sick, but it often doesn’t leave lingering effects. Bacterial meningitis is more serious. It progresses rapidly and can cause permanent damage or even become life-threatening. Stiff neck and back are common in meningitis. It may become difficult to turn your neck at all. In severe cases, the head, neck, and spine become painfully rigid and arched (opisthotonos). Babies and young children are more likely to experience opisthotonos than older people. A baby with meningitis may produce a high-pitched
There are currently 40 emerging infectious diseases, that are at risk of spreading from country to country, due to the increase of people traveling. Diseases like Ebola and the Zika virus pose a global threat due to the possible rapid rate of transmission from human-to-human, that occurs with exposure to someone who is symptomatic and seropositive (World Health Organization, 2016-a). When there is an infectious disease breakout, public health practitioners and physicians, must make quick decisions regarding isolation of a patient exhibiting symptoms and using quarantine for those who have been exposed to someone symptomatic or seropositive. Although, a public health framework is followed to make the decisions for isolation and
The United States of America had their first case of Ebola in September 30 2014, when a man traveling back from Liberia was diagnosed with the disease in Dallas Texas (CDC 2014). The man did not show symptoms until he reached the United States. He passed away in October 8. Two more cases came up in Dallas; the two health care workers that had treated the first U.S. Ebola patient tested positive for the disease. The last recent case for Ebola in the United States was in New York City; a medical aid worker who had came back from Guinea had tested positive.
The Effect on the Body Within the 4 to 16 days, the Ebola virus starts to show its face with headaches, fevers, chills, muscle aches and a loss of appetite. As the virus progresses, patients start to experience diarrhea, rashes, a sore throat, vomiting, abdominal pain, and chest pain. The ability and functions of the liver and kidneys become limited, and internal and external bleeding starts. The blood no longer clots and that obviously causes serious problems.
There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. In order to control the fever or pain, it is best to not use aspirin because of the increased risk of bleeding associated with aspirin. Patients must rest and drink fluids, and in case of those with more severe cases of the disease, intravenous fluid would be administered. Also, they will be placed under close monitoring to ensure that the patients don’t lose too much fluid from their bloodstream 2,18.