The film World’s Toilet Crisis travels to India and Indonesia to highlight the major shortfall of restrooms around the world that in turn leaves citizens to turn to open defecation. It’s no secret that in developing nations the standard level of sanitation is lower, and this film addresses how open defecation is a threat to public health by infecting water sources and making them hazardous. The film also shares the work of those such as the World Toilet Organization that aim to improve sanitation standards through an increase in toilets and through eliminating the stigma of discussing a potentially uncouth subject.
As mentioned, the biggest public health impact that citizens face due to open defecation is major infestation of water sources. The
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Later, an Indian community’s water plumbing system is shown revealing the shared, hazardous water source that comes from the public restroom and is the source of “drinking water.” The unfortunate commonly seen infected water sources are a health battle for citizens with the water having the potential to carry various disease-causing agents including bacteria and parasites. These poorly managed and infectious water sources are found in these communities not able to fund sanitary restrooms or toilets at all. These adverse conditions of the Indian and Indonesian communities and the public health issues they face displayed in the film relate to Diez-Roux’s framework explored in “Neighborhoods and health: where do we go from here?” Diez-Roux outlines how where one lives is highly tied to their social standing which in turn is tied to their health. The communities featured in this video are a reflection of the principle that one’s neighborhood–including both the physical and social attributes–ultimately affect the overall health of the population. Low socioeconomic
People living in areas such as Playford, has shown to have a lower socioeconomic position, which made them at highest risk of poor health (WHO, 2017). Then, the social determinants of health support the understanding the difference between populations health levels, but also the reasons behind why some groups are healthier than others (Marmot, 2005) and the issue becomes a little bit deeper as people living in different areas related to others differently, so then the social stratification of health is affected by differences in gender, marital status, residential areas and ethnicity (Elstad,
The socioeconomic gradient that exists in civilizations with low levels of societal equity has increasingly been implicated as a major contributor to the health status of individual citizens. Thus, it is unsurprising that the neighborhood or place in which a person lives, works, and plays is also a significant social determinant of health. The consequences of one’s environment can range from diminished mental health and increased stress all the way to the development of chronic disease and early mortality. The documentary Rich Hill successfully encapsulates the problems associated with living in poverty by examining the lives of three families from an impoverished area of Missouri. The filmmakers delve into the intricate interpersonal, family,
Furthermore, more lives could be lost due to the spreading of diseases. With such extreme lacks of sanitation, clean water...
Reviewing previously conducted county health assessments and reports is also important in evaluating the trend of the issue over the past few years. Conducting semi-structured individual interviews with key stakeholders from the community, senior Police Officer from Atlanta Police Department, Officer B. Mathew, and the Nurse Manager of Emory Rehabilitation Hospital, Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, helped to gather data in an informal environment to obtain the most productive responses regarding their professional perspective of the priority community health issues.13 Finally, using creative tools such as windshield survey of the streets of Fulton county and photovoice of the houses and living environment of the certain areas in the county helps to identify and explore the community, its needs, its strengths, and its priority concerns through visual observations and
People in lower classes are more likely to get sicker more often and to die quicker. People in metro Louisville reveal 5- and 10-year gaps in life expectancy between the city’s rich, middle- and working-class neighborhoods. Those who live in the working class neighborhood face more stressors like unpaid bills, jobs that pay little to nothing, unsafe living conditions, and the fewest resources available to help them, all of these contribute to the health issues.
Being susceptible to health issues, can result from an interaction between the resources available to individuals and the built environment. Also, these negative health issues can be due to disadvantaged social status, leading to a plethora of ill effects, such as degraded neighborhoods, food deserts, and lack of community mobilization. The complex interactions of these factors over the course of time can create vulnerabilities in the
When one thinks of health, we think of our physical well-being, we think of the medicines we have to take to ensure our recovery in cases of illness, we think white-washed halls, doctors, nurses, candy stripers in their hospital clothes, we think vegetables and fruit juice, and the rest of that wellness-junk that the television infomercials make us buy, we think of sickness, we think of death, we think of life. We do not, or rarely, think of the underlying sociological implications of health and illness, through which we unknowingly dictate our actions, and through which our health manoeuvres through. Beyond the biological and natural conditions, through which our health is dictated, are the sociological factors affecting our wellbeing. It has been shown that the spread of diseases is heavily influenced by culture and tradition, and clearly, our socioeconomic statuses. Health therefore is much more than just an amalgamation of biological factors, but it extends to more socially-constructed sectors of our beings. And all these factors tend to procure inequalities.
Significant health inequalities exist between different social classes. Moreover, lower social classes consistently describe their health as poorer in comparison to higher social classes [1]. Marmot’s central theory is that “the relationship between social circumstances and health is a graded one: the higher a person’s social position, the better his or her health” [2].
Within this community the most significant social determinant of health is healthy childhood development. Healthy childhood development is key for this community because 16% of the neighbourhoods population is considered to be a child between the ages of 0-14 years (City of Toronto, 2011a). Healthy childhood development is influenced by other social determinants of health like housing, proper nutrition, and an adequate guardian income. Further, regulated childcare and education have a strong impact on childhood development (Bryant, Raphael, Schrecker, & Labonte, 2011). These conditions not only impact their immediate childhood health and development but the above determinants are the foundation for the childs future health as adult (Raphael, 2012). If the child is provided with adequate and safe housing, a nutritious food supply, and a pro...
For many decades, Americans’ health has been greatly impacted by many social, economic and environmental determinants (Plough, 2015). These social, economic, and environmental determinants include income, education, ethnicity, natural and built environment. These factors create the health disparities in the health care system. The culture of health has changed over the last several generations. Health is viewed as not just needing to seek health care, but rather to recognize all aspects of people’s lives that support an active and healthy lifestyle and environment. The aspects can be their work, families and comminutes (Plough, 2015).
In some way, public health is seen as a modern philosophical and ideological perspective based on ‘equity’ and aimed to determine inequitable in society. It seen as a ‘science’ and ‘art’ in the sense that it deals with the cause of disease, treatment of illness as well as it involves laboratory experiments, intervention and promoting of health of the population. Winslow (1920, p. 23) defined public health as ‘the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting physical health and efficiency through organised community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, the control community infections, the education of the individual in principles of personal hygiene, the organisation of medical and nursing service for early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease, and the development of social machinery which will ensure to every individual in the community a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health. On the other hand, it is ‘the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organised effort of society’ (Acheson, 1998; in Cowley S, 2002, p. 261).
The purpose of this community profile is to discuss a particular health improvement issue within a chosen community. A community can be defined using many different terms. You can belong to a community through religious beliefs. Through shared experiences or interests. You can belong to a political community where all involved share the same political interests. A community can also be defined as ‘a family’ a small village where many have lived most of their lives who share the same desire to belong to that community.
This is a community profile that aims to identify a specific health improvement issue within a local geographically determined community. ‘A community profile is an attempt to describe a particular community or neighbourhood. It uses a variety of different techniques to build up a picture of the community from a number of perspectives’ (Barnardos.org.uk, 2004) including several components of a community such as its demographic characteristics, patterns and trends i.e. its epidemiology in order to make comparisons between different localities to determine areas needful of specific health improvements with the goal of improving local people’s health and reducing health inequalities. A core definition of community as distinguished by Macqueen and Mclellan et al (2001) is ‘a group of people with diverse characteristics who are linked by social ties, share common perspectives, and engage in joint action in geographical locations or settings’.
There are numerous public health problems that can be addressed in my Southside of Chicago community. Among the several public health problems facing my Southside of Chicago community there are two that are more urgent. Health education or one might say lack thereof is a problem that needs to be addressed. My community is plagued with many of the residents suffering from high blood pressure, diabetes, and the killer virus known as HIV. In most cases these conditions can be prevented with healthier lifestyles and access to nutritious organic foods. In addition, environmental health is another urgent problem my community is facing. Access to clean, safe water and air is supposed to be a fundamental human right aimed at a healthy environment. Yet, my community consists a waste contaminated beach, numerous deteriorated building that are still occupied, and a countless number of restaurant and stores supplying our residents with services that are endangering their health.