Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Diversity within a classroom
The importance of promoting diversity and inclusion in schools
Diversity within a classroom
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Diversity within a classroom
For teachers to be effective in providing equitable learning opportunities, they must be informed about the dynamics of diversity in the student population. This awareness should be aimed at providing meaningful and engaging learning activities that are sensitive to the linguistic, gender-based racial, ethnic, cultural, and exceptional needs of the students (Indiana University Teaching Handbook, 2012). However, before teachers can create meaningful opportunities for learning, they must be aware of their students’ strength and weaknesses. Diagnostic assessments provide detailed information that can help the teacher identify areas of weaknesses in order to help students evolve through the reading stages. After identifying students’ deficiencies …show more content…
Assessments should guide instruction and material selection. Any likely manner, assessments should measure student progress, as well as help, identify deficiencies in reading (Afflerback, 2012). One important indicator of reading deficiencies is spelling. Morris (2014), advocated the importance of administering a spelling assessment in order to have a better understanding of a student’s reading abilities. My school uses the Words Their Way spelling inventory to assess students’ reading abilities at the beginning of the year and throughout the reading year. The Words Their Way inventory assessment provides a series of spelling lists at different levels. It begins with a primary spelling inventory assessment followed by an elementary spelling list and ends with an upper-level spelling inventory. I commenced the test with the primary spelling list since the list is designed to recognize the difficulties with letter naming and word patterns. After correcting this part of the assessment, I noticed that sixty percent of my students obtained a score of 84% or more and the the rest scored at various levels of the primary list. The students that scored less than proficient on the primary list are struggling with word patterns and primary inflectional endings. Both groups placed in the early stage level of the groups. These students demonstrated difficulty with long vowel patters and ed ending words. I decided to administer the elementary …show more content…
In this case, teachers must employ other resources and feet collaboration from colleagues. This is where the RTI process comes into place. Messmer and Messmer, (2008) explained that the response to intervention serves as a vehicle to identify and serve students with learning difficulties. On the other hand, several steps should be followed to implement correctly RTI. In my opinion, my school possesses a fair understanding of the RTI process and manages the implementation of a consistent approach that positively affects the student. To begin, the RTI process my school begins with the teacher. At the beginning of the year, a battery of assessments is conducted to help identify students’ levels in reading. Students take the first Dibbles benchmark to determine their fluency rate as well as the Star test to diagnose phonemic awareness, vocabulary, and comprehension. Also, students are administered the Words Their Way spelling inventory to identify and create word study interventions. Once teachers have gathered all the data, they create a reading learning plan for students who scored significantly below the benchmark for the beginning of the year. The reading plan includes at least two interventions with a proven intervention program like Star Reading, Success Maker, Words Their Way, or other
This is a reading intervention classroom of six 3rd grade students ages 9-10. This intervention group focuses on phonics, fluency, and comprehension. The students were placed in this group based on the results of the DIBELS Oral Reading Fluency assessment. Students in this class lack basic decoding skills.
2) Reading Miscue Inventory (RMI)In-Depth procedure consists of a reader orally reading an authentic text. The RMI will be administered one-one-one with participants. One Spanish and one English text will be prepared by the PI to be used during the RMI. The selection of these texts will be according to the participants'
In this time, it has become highly regarded by many teachers and administrators. The program uses a site word approach to teach emergent reading skills. The program uses a carefully sequenced, highly repetitive word recognition method combined with errorless learning. This approach eliminates incorrect responses and helps students view themselves as readers. The Edmark Reading Program ensures success to students of all ages who have not yet mastered beginning reading. This program is recommended for students with developmental disabilities or Autism, students with learning disabilities, Title 1 students, ESL students, preschool and kindergarten students who lack vocabulary development and non-readers who struggle with phonics. The programs
While the reading assessment will be different for all students I learned that I must be attentive to the student and what they say, also I learned that even if the student gets frustrated I should not aid in the reading that is in front of them. Instruction for the students should be clear and precise; I believe that every student should have their own Vocabulary Dictionaries in the classroom. I believe that this will aid the students so much in the way that they will be able to acquire harder words and each students will be different, they will be able to have fun with it as well as learn at the same
The Wilson Language program has a precise structure to function as an intervention and is able to assist second through twelfth grade struggling readers to learn the construction of words by directly instructing students to decode and encode confidently. Natalie Hill, a Wilson Language Program assessor, said, ‘“There is a frequent change of pace, students will see as well as hear, multiple opportunities for students to be engaged and participate in activities, extensive controlled text methods and materials to “see” critical word components, like vowels, digraphs, etc., stop “guessing habit”, reading and spelling taught simultaneously, hands on, multisensory methods, no glossy pictures”’ (Hi...
While differentiating instruction and being able to design lessons geared towards the needs of diverse learners are currently highly prized skills for teachers, this has not always been the case. The history of education in the United States is a history of segregation. Even today, schools and curriculum are designed to meet the needs of a core group of students, which does not include students with disabilities (Hitchcock, Meyer, Rose, & Jackson, 2002). In the past, learners who were different, out of the mainstream, or did not fit into the mold to which teachers taught (were not part of the core) learned how or lost out on learning. This is not to say that teachers of the past did not care about their students, about being effective teachers, or about student learning. However, as schools are mirrors reflecting mainstream societal norms (Chartock, 2010; Delpit, 2006)—and, given that our society has not always valued diversity in people, be it due to disability, class, culture, or race—teachers in the past have largely focused their efforts where they could earn the largest return on their investment: the average student .
Response to Intervention (RtI) is a framework based off the problem solving method that integrates assessment, and targeted instruction, within a multi-tiered intervention system. Implementation of RtI in schools is crucial to identify which students need additional intervention that will help increase their literacy skills, and prevent them from falling behind. RtI is based off multi-leveled tiers that are each categorized by the intensity of the intervention that is being used. The RtI framework is also used as a valued tool in monitoring and improving student behavior in the classroom through a model known as Positive Behavioral Intervention Support (PBIS).
The setup of RTI’s are; to give teachers effective instruction, monitor progress, if child is not responding get more instruction, monitor progress again, and if student is still not responding qualify as special education. School psychologist looked at RTI’s as a problem solving model and labeled the model along with the early intervention program described in 4 steps. Step 1 was compromise the problem and identify, this is when teachers and...
As students read, the teacher makes notes focusing on the words they struggle with. The teacher indicates which words the student has substituted, repeated, mispronounced, or doesn’t know. These words are called miscues. After the miscues are marked they are classified. “Only the words that students mispronounce or substitute can be analyzed; repetitions and omissions aren’t calculated’ (Tompkins p.85). Once the miscues have been evaluated, the miscue analysis will indicate which cues the reader over relies on and which they need to further develop. Running Records also helps calculate the percentage of miscues to determine whether or not the book is at the students reading level. The goal is to give students appropriate books for their reading levels. After the running record and miscue analysis, the teacher can analyze this information to introduce personalized strategies and lessons to develop a more fluent
In conclusion, it seems as though all the positives of the response to intervention program outweigh any negatives about it. The RTI program is extremely helpful in identifying any student that is having academic difficulties at an early age. Whether these students should be considered in the special education program or not can also be determined by using the RTI program. There is no reason to allow students to fail before any intervention is even considered. Anything that is beneficial in helping students succeed in their academic achievements should be viewed as a
According to research, over the period of the 1984-2012, the Reading Recovery program resulted in over 77% of participants who completed the intervention met the grade-level expectations in reading and writing. In addition to Reading Recovery, Brian received adjusted spelling tests where the number of correct letters were credited rather than correct words. Although, the continuous progress classroom consists of third, fourth, and fifth graders, the Reading Recovery program is specifically for younger children; therefore, appears inappropriate given Brian’s grade. Since Brian demonstrates no conspicuous progress in his reading difficulties based on the instructional modifications administered, the author concludes the modifications as ineffective; therefore suggests further
Words their way: Word Study for Phonics, Vocabulary, and Spelling instruction defines spelling inventories as “a list of words specially chosen to represent a variety of spelling features at increasing levels of difficulty” (WTW, 2012). Spelling inventories are designed to help assess a student’s stage and what they know about words (WTW, 2012). There are many different types of spelling inventories. Some of these inventories are The Primary Spelling Inventory, The Elementary Spelling Inventory, and The Upper Level Spelling Inventory. The Primary Spelling Inventory (PSI) consists of a list of 26 words that begin with simple words, and ends with inflectional ending words (WTW, 2012). For example, the Primary Spelling Inventory in Words their
... all the teachers, except for the multi-disability teacher, having an Intervention Specialist licensure. This allows the teachers to teach students in a cross-categorical situation in promoting academic excellence. The RTI program is designed to further enhance the needs of students with disabilities, under Title I, and is also taught by qualified and licensed teachers (personal communication, July 10, 2009).
Unable to find a student to assess, I used one of the sample, Nathan’s. Nathan is entering 6th grade. He is behind in his spelling development. This could be a result of starting word study at a later age and not always consistently. Nathan has setbacks in word knowledge development and struggling with encoding and decoding skills.
Factors included are mobility, behavior, and economic and environmental causes. Requirements that environmental causes is ruled out is set so that a child with a disability does not become staffed due to their living conditions. This can be seen as a positive and as a frustrating point for families who want to receive support. Response to Intervention (RTI) was designed so that students do not fall far behind before they can qualify for special education services. The practice of providing instruction and interventions matched to student needs while progressing monitoring is a powerful tool.