Humanities assignment. Gallipoli. On June 28, 1914 life for so many people around the world began to change. Little did the people of this time know that not only their lives would change but also what was about to happen would go down as major world history. It all started on June 28, 1914 when a Serbian terrorist group, called ‘The Black Hand’ assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, and his pregnant wife Sophie. This was because the group wanted all the states of the south Slaves to be united, but they were scared that when Archduke Francis Ferdinand would become king, he would bring out reforms that would prevent the union of south Slaves. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was the nephew of Emperor Franz Josef and next in line to the throne of Austria and Hungary. The man who shot Franz Ferdinand and his wife was a Bosnian revolutionary named Gavrilo Princip. Austria-Hungary then …show more content…
declares war on Serbia on the July 28, 1914. On August 2, 1914 The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) and Germany sign a secret treaty of alliance to strengthen and develop the failing Ottoman military, as well as provide Germany with a safe passage into neighbouring British colonies. The next day on August 3, 1914 Germany then declares war on France. This then leads to August 4, 1914 where Germany invades Belgium, leading Britain to declare war on Germany. Then on August 10, 1914 Austria-Hungary invades Russia. While the Gallipoli campaign is considered a military failure, Gallipoli became a very well recognised name in Australia and with it the ANZAC (Australia New Zealand Army Corps) tradition was created.
“Gallipoli became the common tie forged in adversity that bound the colonies and people of Australia into a nation.” (www.army.gov.au) The Gallipoli campaign was so significant to world war one because it was designed to be the shortcut to end the war. This however failed and instead of bringing victory we saw so countless casualties instead. The number of Australian casualties for the Gallipoli campaign, were a total of 26 111. Consisting of 1007 officers and 25 104 other ranks. Of these, 362 officers and 7 779 men were killed in action, died of horrid wounds or lives taken by to disease. Nine Victoria Crosses were awarded to soldiers in Australian units. In 1934 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey) wrote a tribute to the Anzacs killed at
Gallipoli: “Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives ... You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmet’s to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours ... You, the mothers who sent their sons from faraway countries, wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.” Every year on April 25th, which we know as Anzac Day, we commemorate all of the soldiers that fought in the Gallipoli battle and all that they have done for our country. Lest We Forget
The ANZAC Legend ANZAC stands for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps. The soldiers in those forces quickly became known as ANZACS, and the pride they soon took in that name endures to this day. The ANZAC legend began with the landing at Gallipoli on April 25 1915, signaling the start of the disastrous Dardanelles campaign on the Turk Peninsula. This campaign saw thousands of ANZAC fatalities before its conclusion in January 1916. Significantly, the ANZAC legend is the result of a devastating loss, rather than a great victory.
Here is a question — how did the ANZAC legend develop? The legend of Anzac was born on 25 April 1915, and was reaffirmed in eight months' fighting on Gallipoli. Although there was no military victory, the Australians displayed great courage, endurance, initiative, discipline, and mate-ship. Such qualities came to be seen as the Anzac spirit. The ANZAC book written and illustrated in Gallipoli by the men of Anzac —- The Anzac book became the finest “trench publication” produced during the Great War, and was an instant bestseller when first released in 1916. Created by soldiers under enemy fire and in extreme hardship, the illustrations, stories, cartoons, and poems were intended as a Christmas and New Year diversion for soldiers facing a harsh winter in the trenches on Gallipoli.
During this time more steps were taken to develop a legend by giving the troops a form of National Identity and calling them The Anzacs. We know now that it is now a part of Australia’s cultural identity and origin on the battlefield.
The Gallipoli campaign was a military disaster but it is still one of the most important conflicts in which Australia was involved. On 25th April 1915 between 4:30 and 6:30 am the Gallipoli Peninsula was invaded by British, Australian and New Zealand forces. This was to start the long, hard weeks in which the troops were fighting for ground that the enemy controlled in Turkey. They were attempting to gain a supply route to Russia to aid them in repelling the German and Turkish soldiers from their country. I will be discussing the willingness of Australians to volunteer for the war effort and the love and respect they had for their Mother Country, England. I will also discuss how the young, naive soldiers arrived at war not knowing what warfare entailed. They were shocked by the conditions and casualties. I will also discuss the bravery that was shown by the ANZACS in the most dangerous conditions. I will conclude with my reasons of why the Gallipoli campaign holds such value and importance in Australian history and ideology.
The Australian Government has made many changes over the years to promote the memory of ANZAC Day. In regards to education, ¬¬¬programs included in schools were put in place whilst society’s view of ANZAC Day has also changed due to an emphasis in the community and wider media . Around 420,
People did not expect the war to develop in the way it did. In 1914
In World War 1 (WW1), 1914-1918, Australian troops became involved in order to give support to the "Mother Country". Great Britain only became involved after Germany did not respect the neutrality of Belgium. In the first world war, Australian soldiers participated in some of the bloodiest and most enduring battles known to man, and soon developed a courageous name for themselves. Of the 330 000 Aussie soldiers who took part in WW1, there were 211 500 casualties and over 60 000 deaths, a casualty rate much higher than that of several other participants.
Gallipoli was released in 1981, developed and filmed in the post-Robert Menzies, post-Vietnam War period when Australia sought to reconsider and artistically represent its post-colonial tension. In a reflection of anxiety about Australia’s so-called national identity, the film is deeply rooted in the local mythology of the nation, and “is redolent with the overt rhetoric of nationalism. The film emerges from a historical period of Australian film-making when funding was newly available for films that dealt with explicitly Australian content and themes”. Gallipoli embodies and projects a now...
The one interesting aspect that I was surprised with my three authors was the little detail given on nationalism in the decolonization process. Before reading these three books, I thought that nationalism played a key factor in decolonization. However, my assumption was incorrect. The author, John Darwin, brought nationalism into question, but ultimately Darwin felt that WWII had weakened the British, which subsequently lead to a problematic post-war economic situation. All the authors discussed nationalism and its part in decolonization, but all came to a conclusion that nationalism may have played a part, but it was insignificant in the entire process of decolonization. Most colonies had a wide variety of communities that had very little in common. Therefore, mass nationalistic movements that would be strong enough to throw out British colonial rulers was much more difficult than one might think. Ultimately, all of the authors and their books I used for the essay-review focused on the aftermath of Britain in WWII to describe the reasoning for decolonization.
even if they did it would be maybe one or two men against 100. This is
Professor Geoff Hayes, “4 August 1914: Slithering Over the Brink, The Origins of the Great War,” Lecture delivered 31 October, 2011, HIST 191, University of Waterloo
More than 5,500 soldiers of the Australian Fifth Division, many own whom recently arrived from the failed Gallipoli campaign in Turkey, wounded, captured or killed in less than 24 hours. Over 1,600 Australians died and many of their bodies were never even found. The British 61st Division, which was mostly untrained volunteers, suffered over 1,500 casualties, including 500 deaths, which is why the battle of Fromelles is truly considered “the worst 24 hours in Australian history”. The battle of Fromelles’s original purpose was to take control of the German front lines in an effort stop German reinforcements from Fromelles being sent to the more major and focused battle Somme, also the main assault that drew attention away from Fromelles, which was taking place about 80 kilometres away. Fromelles involved about 20,000 troops from the 61st British division and the
The colonial relationship between Australia and the ‘Mother Country’ Britain, had a profound effect on the decisions made by the thousands of young Australian men during 1914 at the onset of the First World War (WWI). Fervent nationalistic ties to Britain undoubtedly contributed to the deluge of youthful, enthusiastic men eager to render themselves available for overseas service. However, the reasons for their enlistment cannot be attributed to a single factor — the war spirit and the general belligerent enthusiasm within Australia certainly prompted some, while others were driven by the almost inherent glory associated with fighting alongside the all-powerful British
... On 28 June, 1914, the assassination was successful and this was the action that triggered war. Austria-Hungary wanted revenge because their next ruler was killed so they declared war against Serbia. This is what caused the war. The Alliances ties in with these events as Austria-Hungary formed an alliance with Germany who also went to war with Serbia.
The landing at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 is often considered the most important event of the Gallipoli campaign of the First World War. Consequently, events and experiences that deserve equal or greater recognition are disregarded. The landing at Gallipoli marked the beginning of a crushing campaign. In the early morning of 25 April 1915 ships carrying Australian and New Zealand soldiers arrived at the Gallipoli Peninsula. They were sent to prevent Turkey from threatening other Allied forces (Why did Anzacs land at Gallipoli?