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Machiavelli s beliefs on leadership
Machiavelli's views on leadership
The aztecs engineering an empire summary
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To be Machiavellian you must have certain characteristics that include, deceiving your people for the better, doing whatever it takes to prosper and being loved by your people, but also utilizing their fears to control them. Machiavelli a Florentine diplomat created principles to rule by which worked in Europe and around the world. Louis XIV a French monarch used these principles to keep his nobility in line and he reigned for a prosperous and very lengthy time. Also very successful Askia Muhammad I of Africa overthrew the Royal Songhai family to become one of the most well known leaders of his time. And lastly, but not the only other person that was successful using these principles, Montezuma II. Montezuma II, head of the Aztec state also …show more content…
Montezuma knew that doing whatever it takes was a must to grow a prosperous country. Askia was a great warrior, this allowed him to gain notoriety with the military gaining their trust and approval. Montezuma was a skillful fighter and gained notoriety when, “...he single-handedly captured three prisoners, a feat that enabled him to achieve the special rank of tequihua... Following the tradition of human sacrifice... Montezuma tied one of the prisoners to a stone, cut open his chest, and offered his heart to the gods...” (Gale, 2). Doing whatever it takes to keep his country running gained him much recognition and allowed for him to be in control of all the military might. Montezuma, “...quickly rose through the Aztec military ranks... [gaining] him overall control of the army; he was responsible for conquering new towns and punishing those who rebelled...” (Gale, 3). Montezuma knew that no matter what it took he must do what is right for his country, no matter if that was taking the lives of those he just freed from imprisonment or killing those who disagreed with him. Thus, making Montezuma a Machiavellian style
Portilla starts out by giving a thorough background of the culture and religious beliefs. The reader can draw many theories on how this carried over to the Aztecs way of thinking and fighting. In addition to the religion and culture, Portilla shows the technology advantages the Spanish had over the Aztecs. He also goes on to describe the poor leadership of Motecuhzoma. Motecuhzoma will be portrayed as a coward. Portilla also writes about the strategy that worked rather well for the Spanish as they made alliances with the Tlaxcalatecas and other cities. He finally talks about plague that wiped out much of the Aztecs. This may have been the greatest factor in the fall of the Aztecs Empire. All of these factors combined effectively show how the Spaniards prevailed over this great Aztec Empire of the 15th and early 16th century.
This compare and contrast essay will focus on the views of leadership between Mirandolla and Machiavelli. Mirandolla believes that leadership should not be false and that it should follow the rule of reason. He believes that leaders should strive for the heavens and beyond. On the other hand, Machiavelli believed that leadership comes to those who are crafty and forceful. He believed that leaders do not need to be merciful, humane, faithful or religious; they only need to pretend to have all these qualities. Despite both of them being philosophers, they have drastically different views on leadership, partially because of their views on religion are different. Mirandolla was very religious, and Machiavelli was a pragmatist, which means that he was not interested in religion.
The Governorship of Mexico did not come without strings attached. With his appointment Charles V also appointed four royal officials to help him govern. The first was Alfonso De Estrada who was appointed Treasurer, the second was Gonzalo de Salazar who was appointed Factor, the third was Pedro Almindez Chirinos who was appointed Inspector and forth was Rodrigo de Paz who was appointed Accountant. These men were all paid higher salaries than Cortes and this did not make him happy.
He fought against, both United States and Mexico as they invaded his tribal land known
From 1502 to 1520, during the height of their mighty empire, the Aztecs had before them their most famous ruler of all time. Born in 1466 and of noteworthy lineage, Montezuma II proved himself as a young warrior and politician and was inaugurated as the Aztec emperor in 1502 after his uncle, Emperor Axayacatl, died. His accession to rule saw him inherit a massive empire that stretched from what is now the modern day southern United States to Central America. This large are was difficult to control and revolts and civil wars were commonplace. Suppression of internal fighting through campaigns of ritualistic sacrifices, slaughtering of villagers and imposition of heavy tributes marked him as a vicious ruler. Despite this harshness, Montezuma brought reform to the Aztecs, replacing commoners in important positions with nobleman. Between 1504 and 1510, he engaged in several battles that served to unify the empire as the preeminent force in Mexico.
In the late 1500's after the disappointment of Coronado's non-glorious expedition was forgotten, Spain had a renewed interest in New Mexico. King Philip II needed a new conquistador to go to New Mexico to obtain and claim the 3 G's (Gold, Glory, and God) for the crown and for the country. The man chosen to fill this job was Juan de Onate. Being of noble Basque blood it seems that Juan de Onate was destined to become someone of importance. It is said that the Basque people were "Hardy, self-reliant, and stubbornly strong" and "In New Spain won distinction as explorers, soldiers, and discoverers of mines on the frontier." Juan's father Cristobal de Onate was one of those Basque people described above. In 1546 Cristobal along with a few other Basque men discovered a silver mine in Mexico, but was already rich due to his many encomiendas, his salary as a lieutenant-governor, and many other businesses he owned. Given Juan de Onate's tremendous wealth and outstanding family history King Philip thought that he had found an excellent conquistador, but would soon find out that he was wrong.
Machiavelli believes that a government should be very structured, controlled, and powerful. He makes it known that the only priorities of a prince are war, the institutions, and discipline. His writings describes how it is more important for a prince to be practical than moral. This is shown where he writes, "in order to maintain the state he is often obliged to act against his promise, against charity, against humanity, and against religion" (47). In addition, Machiavelli argues that a prince may have to be cunning and deceitful in order to maintain political power. He takes the stance that it is better for the prince to be feared than loved. His view of how a government should run and his unethical conduct are both early signs of dictatorship.
From the foothills of Barcelona in Spain, a man came to be. Full of strength, honor, wisdom, and courage, this man was named Hernan Cortes. He, as the Spaniards would say, was a god among men. Legend says he had cat-like reflexes, and also had the mind filled with strategies. He may not have been the tallest person in the crowd, but he had the most will to achieve greatness. He is one of Spain's most influential, if not the most, conquistadors.
William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar utilizes similar methods. As shown in Julius Caesar and The Prince, a leader who follows Machiavelli’s advice will accomplish their goals; if the leader does not adhere to Machiavelli’s recommendations, then the leader will not fulfill his aspiration. A character from Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, Cassius, exhibits Machiavellian attributes of manipulation and a drive to accomplish his goal of assassinating Julius Caesar by any means. Cassius was able to successfully manipulate both Brutus and the fellow conspirators. Cassius was able to influence Brutus enough to make Brutus believe that killing Julius Caesar, Brutus’ best friend, was the right action.
Although Machiavelli gives numerous points on what it takes to excel as a prince, he also shows some raw examples of how he feels a prince should act in order to achieve maximum supremacy. First, when he says, "ought to hold of little account a reputation for being mean, for it is one of those vices which will enable him to govern" proves Machiavelli feels mighty adamant about his view that being mean will help a prince achieve success (332). It is absurd to imagine the meanest prince as the most successful. Also, when Machiavelli states, "our experience has been that those princes who have done great things have held good faith of little account, and have known how to circumvent the intellect of men by craft" revealing his attitude to manipulate people into fearing and respecting the prince (335). Also, Machiavelli shows that for a prince to be successful, he must not think about good faith.
Machiavelli believed that, ethics and morality were considered in other categories than those generally known. He does not deny the existence of, but did not see how they can be useful in its traditional sense as in politics and in the government of the people. According to Machiavelli, a man is by nature a political angry and fearful. Machiavelli had no high opinion of the people. It is assumed that a person is forced to be good and can get into the number of positive features, such as prudence and courage. The prince can only proceed gently and with love, because that would undermine the naivety of his rule, and hence and the well-being of the state. He thought that, the Lord must act morally as far as possible, immorally to the extent to
In 1513, an Italian politician by the name of Niccolo Machiavelli distributed, though privately, a political treatise called The Prince. This treatise was, essentially, a guide on how to effectively rule one's country. It's important beforehand to define exactly what a Machiavellian is, before describing one. A Machiavellian is a leader who, through his power and influence, works toward the common good of his people. This can be done through fear, through deceit, even through manipulation. It is important to understand the main principle of a Machiavellian; the end justifies the means. The end being the common good of his people. Vladimir Putin is a Machiavellian in the ways he retains power, institutes reform, and executes economic recovery domestically; and also in the ways he manages international affairs, such as the issues with Syria, Snowden, and the 2014 Winter Olympics.
Born a poor Spaniard to a family of lesser nobility but well educated, Hernán Cortés was born in Medellin, Spain. In 1519 Diego Velázquez appointed Hernán Cortés as leader and ordered him to lead an expedition to secure and conquer Mexico. Prior to their journey a disagreement between both of them triggered Velázquez to rescind his instructions he had made to send Cortés to Mexico. Cortés disregarding Velázquez orders proceeded and set sail to Mexico with a small private army of an estimate of 508 men from their Spanish base in Cuba to Mexico arriving at the Yucatán Peninsula in 1519 with motives of trade and exploration. The success of this voyage presented Cortés a title in which he would be remembered as “a veteran of the Caribbean phase of Spanish overseas expansion.” (3)
Through his many years of experience with Italian politics Machiavelli wrote “The Prince”; a how-to guide for new rulers. We are given descriptions of what a leader should do to effectively lead his country. A leader should be the only authority determining every aspect of the state and put in effect a policy to serve his best interests. These interests are gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power. Machiavelli’s idea is that a ruler should use a variety of strategies (virtues) to secure his power. Machiavelli lists five virtues that a ruler should appear to have; being compassionate, trustworthy, generous, honest and religious. A ruler should possess all the qualities considered good by other people.
In The Prince, Machiavelli separates ethics from politics. His approach to politics, as outlined in The Prince, is strictly practical. Machiavelli is less concerned with what is right and just, and instead with what will lead to the fortification of the government and the sustainment of power. Machiavelli believed that a ruler should use any means necessary to obtain and sustain power. He says, “…people judge by outcome. So if a ruler wins wars and holds onto power, the means he has employed will always be judged honorable, and everyone will praise them” (Machiavelli, 55). According to Machiavelli, the ends of an action justify the means (Machiavelli, 55). His motivation for these views in The Prince was the reunification of the Italian city-states (Machiavelli, 78-79). Machiavelli wanted Italy to return to its glory of the Roman Empire (Machiavelli 78-79). Some of the beliefs of Machiavelli could be perceived as evil and cruel, but he found them necessary. Machiavelli was not concerned with making people happy. His purpose was outcome and success, and in his opinion, the only way to be successful was to be realistic. These views of Machiavelli could classify him as one of the earliest modern