Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Minorities and marginalized groups in media
Social inequality and gender
Essay on implicit biases
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Minorities and marginalized groups in media
White privilege is a concept that many people are unfamiliar with, but not because they do not benefit from it. In the paper “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack” by Peggy McIntosh argues that white people have an advantage over those of other races, though most are completely unaware of it or simply take it for granted. Her recognition of white privilege came from the concept of male privilege. She says that she looked at that concept and realized there was certainly something similar to it in regards to race (McIntosh, 1988, 11). This paper has great importance to the function of society. Because many white people do not recognize their unfair and disproportionate advantage in society, racial tensions can rise even more because there is a major wall blocking people from fixing the current issues.
McIntosh used her own whiteness as a basis for forming this idea, which was an extremely effective way to take her standpoint. White privilege is a delicate topic, as many deny its existence and get defensive when
One example she gives is “I can turn on the television or open to the front page of the paper and see people of my race widely represented.”(McIntosh, 1988, 12). Another is “I can be late to a meeting without having the lateness reflect on my race.”(McIntosh, 1988, 13). These are only a couple of the experiences that McIntosh lists in the article. The list itself is fifty points long, and does not repeat the same scenario twice. This is a good way to explain white privilege to someone who may not understand it, or may deny it all together. It gives a comprehensive list of proof that white privilege does exist, as the experiences on it are certainly advantageous and relatively universal to white people. The list is the most important part of the article, as it is an easy tool to help white people check and realize their
The two articles that had a profound impact to my understanding of race, class and gender in the United States was White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack by Peggy McIntosh and Imagine a Country by Holly Sklar. McIntosh explains the keys aspects of unearned advantage (a privilege that one group hold over another) as well as conferred dominance (the act of voluntarily giving another group power) and the relationship that these factors hold when determine power of a social group. Additionally, the purpose of McIntosh’s article was to demonstrate the privilege that certain individuals carry and how that translates to the social structures of our society. Furthermore, conferred dominance also contributes to the power of the dominant group
Tim Wise’s book White Like Me provides a picture of what it is like to be white in America. A main topic covered in White Like Me is white privilege. On pages 24 and 25 Wise illustrates what white privilege is and shares his opinion regarding how to address white privilege in society today. Wise’s plan for addressing white privilege is one not of guilt, but of responsibility, a difference Wise highlights. The concept of feeling guilty for white privilege lacks reason because white privilege is something built up through generations and its existence is not of any one person’s fault.
Peggy McIntosh wrote this article to identify how her white privilege effects her life. Each statement is written as a privilege that Ms. McIntosh does not need to consider or fear as a white woman. From financial credibility to national heritage, this article makes a valid point regarding the way white people can be arrogant and naïve when the same treatment is not being given to their neighbors, coworkers, and peers. There can be two responses when reading this. The first would be a person of color. They will appreciate the attempt at realization of what white people take for granted. The second would be the reality that smacks the white people in the face when they realize how true all 50 statements are. Once this begins to sink in, many will start to broaden their competence realizing the unfair treatment of the people in this world. Moving down the timeline, we can see how the acknowledgement can mend broken relationships. Owning the reality and doing something to change it can give the people of different races the treatment they deserve (McIntosh,
He simply looks at them as wrong. It 's okay to disagree with something, but there should be an argument to back it up. "Furthermore, I condemn them for casting the equal protection clause, indeed the very idea of a meritocracy, as a myth, and for declaring that we are all governed by invisible forces (some would call them “stigmas” or “societal norms”), that our nation runs on racist and sexist conspiracies." He disagrees with people who think that white privilege influences who controls the power, but doesn 't say why, almost like he 's expecting everyone to agree with his perspective as common sense. Conversely, McIntosh 's uses an argument to legitimize her perspective to her readers. She lists 46 advantages that she can perceive, that were given to her by white privilege. Reasons like number 41, "I can be sure that if I need legal or medical help, my race will not work against me.", number 44, "I can easily find academic courses and institutions that give attention only to people of my race." are advantages that lead her to the conclusion that "The pressure to avoid it (white privilege) is great, for in facing it I must give up the myth of meritocracy. If these things are true, this is not such a free country; one 's life is not what one makes it; many doors open for certain people through no virtues of their own.". The conclusion that meritocracy, the idea that those who put in hard work rise to power, is a myth, because of the discrepancy between opportunities offered to people based off of their race, sex, etc. is a logical
Dr. Peggy McIntosh looks at white privilege, by “Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack.” She describes white privilege as almost a special check or coin that she gets to cash in on. Dr. McIntosh tells that white privilege has been a taboo and repressed subject – and that many white people are taught not to see or recognize it. However, she is granted privileges (McIntosh 30). Dr. McIntosh goes on to describe twenty-six ways in which her skin-color grants her certain privileges. In example twenty, she describes how she can buy “…posters, postcards, picture books…” and other items that “…feature people of my race” (32). Additionally, in her first example, she talks about being able to be in the “company of people of my race most of the time” (McIntosh 31). Instances in which a privilege person would not even recognize unless they were looking, show evidence for white privilege. People take these advantages for granted because they simply expect them. Due to the lack of melatonin in her skin, she was granted privileges and her skin served as an asset to her. Dr. McIntosh conveys how her privilege is not only a “favored state,” but also a power over other
In this article “White Privilege: Unpacking the invisible Knapsack” Peggy McIntosh states positive outcomes upon her own race. She had the time to comprehend that she has many advantages due to her racial group. Racism impacted her to realize how white people can get away with many daily activities and also be put before others. I agree with Peggy, you usually see white as an upper class in this society. Depending on whichever race you are from, it will always is there to impact you in many ways. As Peggy describes when she was educating herself, she concluded that her race is very beneficial to her.
The main point that McIntosh is pushing forward is that both whites and males have certain advantages. McIntosh says that “white privilege as an invisible package of unearned assets” (605). White privilege are these advantages that white people receive just for being white. They didn’t earn any of the privilege other than being born with the right skin tone. She also recognizes them as being “invisible”. They don’t realize that they have this advantage over everyone else.
One of the points that Peggy McIntosh makes that truly impacts me is when she states, “I think whites are carefully taught not to recognize white privilege, as males are taught not to recognize male privilege.” I must say that I agree with this point, but not in its entirety. In high school I was always taught that throughout history women were treated differently than men and that because of this, men have been able to attain a better position in society, mainly in the workforce, and in this way I was taught about male privilege. I believe that it depends on the type of education one receives that determines whether or not males are taught to recognize male privilege. I also believe that the way men view their male privilege is heavily influenced by race, culture, and one’s values, which McIntosh does not mention. For example: in my family we were taught not to treat the women in our family any different than the men and have always supported them in any care...
I agree with the points McIntosh makes throughout the article. I especially liked that she pointed out the difference between being a woman and being a woman of color in America. As a woman of color, you are not only oppressed for your gender but for the color of your skin too. As a minority, I have been in those uncomfortable positions of being the only person of my race in a room or feeling like I don’t belong in a group due to your race. I have also dealt with individuals being surprised that I speak English so well or asking me where I’m “really” from. These are things that white individuals don’t really experience. Although Mclntosh focused on the privilege that comes with the color of your skin, the invisible knapsack can manifest itself in other terms as well. For example, religion, age, and sexual
For those who posses them it might be difficult to visualize and see them because to them they are “…merely there, [as] part of the world, a way of life, simply the way things are”(100). However, these systems of privilege can be made visible, and must be made visible to address issues of systematic oppression within our society. I believe that one of the most oppressive systems is “white privilege”, which is defined by Peggy MacIntosh as an invisible set of unearned assets and advantages held by white people. Although I agree with her definition, I disagree with her argument that “white privilege” is imperceptible.
Doing research about the existence of white privilege, I found two articles with the opposite point of view on related information. Although both authors are Caucasians, they have completely opposing opinions about the existence of the white privilege. While Peggy McIntosh is trying to spread awareness to Caucasians in regards to their own privilege, Duke wants them to understand that they are in the same position as all other races. He explains that the awareness of “white privilege” is only a fallacy that causes feel of guilt without foundation.
“White privilege is like an invisible weightless knapsack of special provisions, maps, passports, codebooks, visas, clothes, tools and blank checks” (McIntosh, 172). White privilege is all around us, but society has been carefully taught
Crosley further explores unseen privilege and touches on the subcategory that McIntosh overlooks, class. Crosley points out how for the most part McIntosh’s list of unseen privilege is mostly correct, but unfortunately she only accounts for unseen privileges for white middle class female receives. Crosley says, “I demanded to know why this White Woman felt that my experiences were the same as hers when no, my family most certainly could not rent housing "in an area which we could afford and want to live." to highlight parts in McIntosh’s list of privileges that were inaccurate because lack of consideration for lower class families. An important idea that both authors allude to in their respective articles is that, “There are many different types of privilege, not just skin color privilege, that impact the way people can move through the world or are discriminated against.” The main message I received from both authors is that awareness is the most important factor in privilege because of how broad it is. Also that being aware allows people to understand privilege. To understand something gives people the power to change it and this is especially so in the case of
For the author, having experience with this sort of discrimination gives him more credibility than if a white person were to write a chapter on racial discrimination. One potential weakness of this piece could be that it is so old, and, theoretically, outdated, however, sadly, much of these situations are still occurring in the United States every day, so the content is still quite relevant. In the podcast assigned for today, I connected both Miss Buchanan’s and Linda’s struggles with this reading. Miss Buchanan suffered the loss of her job because of children like Linda being able to attend “white” public schools. This is similar to the struggle for people of color to maintain the different parts of their identity at an equilibrium, rather than giving up one for the
White privilege is the unmerited treatment that favours white individuals. Though its presence can generally go unforeseen, white privilege is regularly practiced,