What is Hypertriglyceridemia?

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Hypertriglyceridemia

Introduction
Hypertriglyceridemia is a condition where in there is an alarmingly high concentration of triglyceride in the blood. Triglycerides or triacylglcerol is a lipid formed by esterfication of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule it is a type of fat found in the blood. When it comes to dietary discussions the term fat usually is used to substitute for triacylglycerol. The normal triglyceride level in the blood is <150mg/dl, people with Hypertiglyceridemia has a triglyceride level > 150mg/dl. Mild hypertriglyceridemia - 150-199mg/dl, Moderate hypertriglyceridemia - 200-999mg/dl, Severe hypertriglyceridemia - 1000-1999 mg/dl, and very severe hypertriglyceridemia - > 2000mg/dl. There are two main sources of plasma triglycerides. Exogenous sources (from dietary fat) carried in chylomicrons, and endogenous (from the liver) carried in very low density lipoprotein.
Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and for pancreatitis. More importantly Hypertriglyceridemia is usually accompanied with other lipid abnormalities and metabolic syndrome which is connected to coronary artery disease.
Classification
Primary Causes of Hypertriglyceridemia
Familial hypertriglyceridemia is a condition defined by an isolated very low density lipoprotein, which is not as rich in triglyceride as chylomicrons are. This type of disorder has 5-10% population prevalence. Although the molecular basis for this disorder is still unknown it is likely to be polygenic which means it requires a secondary factor for expression.

Combined Hyperlipoproteinemia has a population prevalence of 2-5%. The abnormalities associated with this disease are the increase in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)...

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...s added. All are additive interventions and most of them seem to work by increasing the clearance of triglyceride-rich particles.

Works Cited

Kwiterovich, P, O.(Ed). (2010). The Johns Hopkins Textbook of Dyslipidemia. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
O’Riordan, M. (2012, September 10) New Clinical Guidelines for Treating, Screening Hypertriglyceridemia. Medscape. Retrieved March 1, 2014 from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/770655.
Pejic, R. (2006). Hypertriglyceridemia. Medscape. Retrieved March 1, 2014 from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/532511_4.
Stroes, E. S., & Vissers, M.N. (2010). Evidence based management of lipid disorders. UK: Gutenberg Press Ltd.
Yuan, G. (2007, April). Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment. Canadian Medical Association Journal. Retrieved March 1, 2014 from http://www.cmaj.ca/content/176/8/1113.full.

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