What Was The Role Of Nationalism In The 20th Century

Globalisation is known to cause the disintegration or complete loss of social, economic and cultural boundaries between nation-states (Kong et al., 1997). A nation-state is a figurative system where communities claim sovereignty over a particular territory (Daniels, 2016). The state can be considered to be the bureaucratic expression of nationalism where a widespread patriotism inevitably precedes the state (Duckett, 2017). Globalisation is known to both undermine and expand the state, in order to keep its economy and people driven by competition (Mann, 1997). This competition allows for many to be proud of their nationality and therefore has a great impact on nationalism. The state still has a very important role to play but its role has changed

Occasionally nationalists recognised that the state itself was multinational (Daniels 2016). This links to the argument as to whether there is a distinction between the ‘state’s nationalism’ or to ‘nationalism in the nations without a state’ (Guibernau 2013). Even though the more wide-ranging national identity would evolve in states of more than one identity, the other ‘national identities’ would try and fight for their right to stay. This struggle of trying to bring two or more together was attempted to be sorted by debates or elections but these peaceful processes often did not succeed (Daniels 2016). This was the beginning of where nation states played less of a role in the globalised

It is important to consider that there are two types of nationalism - ethnic and civic. Ethnic nationalism refers to language and traditions whereas civic are the values of the nation regardless of the social identity (Breton 1988). National cultures today, create imagined communities where culture is a map through which the world is made intelligible (Duckett 2017). Many nations draw upon both culture and common shared consciousness. Nationalism can be represented in different ways, from national curriculum, national anthem to food products and outlets. The biggest impact is from multinational corporations and other entities of international commence which have forced nation-states to examine their economic policies (Duckett, 2017). The challenge states face is to determine how much international influence they allow in their economies concluding that TNCs may have a greater influence than