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Health promotion in primary care essay
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The collection of activities designed to help people improve their health or prevent illness through changes in the environment, lifestyle as well as behavior is what is termed as health promotion. This includes efforts to reach individuals or families, activities in the workplace to reach employees and initiatives taking by the community, which focuses on larger populations. However, it is usual for organizations or individuals to want to focus on the behavioral determinants of health and well-being. In the same way, primary care settings serve as a cornerstone for building a strong healthcare system that ensures positive health outcomes and health equity. In the past century there has been a transition in health care from focusing on disease-oriented …show more content…
How are they able to achieve this goal? By firstly, looking at what impedes promotion of health for the local population. So they (PCS) started by having to see the need to have specialized professionals such as doctors, nurses, support staff and the like-(different specialization) with respect to various kinds of illness or diseases that shows up in the healthcare sectors. Also distance became a subjective concept to the primary care settings, where this mostly concerns the measurement of travel cost, time consuming and comfort when a patient had to go to a health care facility for control or check up. And the insufficient services of general acute centers versus lack of active role in health promotion and disease prevention (HPDP). Notwithstanding other factors that comes into play through a survey conducted by the Leap Group, which revealed six in ten hospitals lacking procedures for preventing malnutrition in patients, five in ten also have no procedures in place to prevent bedsores. In addition to this, four in ten also lack policies requiring workers to wash their hands with disinfectant before even seeing a patient. Having said that, the rise of obesity came into being when the rate jumped from 22.1% to 22.8% (Todd, 2004). And on top of these, federal agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Harvard School of Public Health together with Kaiser Family Foundation also added that, 55% of Americans are dissatisfied with the quality of care versus 48% of the population concerned about the medical care they receive. Which is a clear indication that, the majority of the local population did not have any trust in the primary care, whereas the healthcare sector also been concern about their expenditure not proportional to the decrease of inequality of public health status. Therefore, there is the
Tannahill, A., Tannahill, C., & Downie, R. S. (1999) Health Promotion. Models and Values. Oxford University Press.
State and local public health departments throughout the country have the responsibility for improving health in workplaces, schools, and communities through identifying top health problems within society and developing a plan to improve. Barriers the public health system has encountered over the years include: changes in the overall health system that support cost containment and improved health, and an increase in the number of individuals with insurance coverage for direct preventive services; reduction of qualified public health professional and funding at all levels of government; increasing focus on accountability, with higher expectations for demonstrating a return on investment in terms of cost and health improvement (Trust, 2013). In the near future, health departments ...
“Healthy People provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans.” ( United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Healthy People 2020 , 2011). It acts as a national guide for disease prevention and health promotion. There are various objectives and goals which serve as the guideline to achieve overall improvement in health . ‘Educational and Community-Based Programs’ is one of them. According to U.S Department of Health and Human Services the main goal of these programs is to “Increase the quality, availability, and effectiveness of educational and community-based programs designed to prevent disease and injury, improve health, and enhance quality of life.” (HHS, Healthy People 2020, 2011). This particular goal of Healthy People 2020 focuses on increasing the number educational and community based programs to increase awareness about disease prevention and health among every individual of the society. It focuses on educating them on various topics including chronic diseases, substance abuse, prevention of injury and violence to encourage and enhance health. It emphasizes on increasing the quantity and quality of such programs so that a larger population could benefit from the program and gain effective knowledge to achieve a healthy life.
Healthy People 2020 is a program for the promotion of health and the prevention of diseases, launched by the Department of Health and Human Services in December 2010. According to healthypeople.gov, this program has four overarching goals which are first to achieve healthy, longer lives free of preventable diseases, injuries, and premature deaths; to achieve health fairness, eliminate differences, and improve all groups’ health; also to produce social and physical environments that encourage good health; and last but not least to promote life’s quality, healthy development, and healthy behaviors through all life stages. This program has a vision of a community where people live long, healthy lives. Healthy People 2020 offers a comprehensive set of 10 years of nationwide goals and objectives that is meant to improve the health of the American population. Healthy People 2020 covers 42 topic areas with approximately 600 objectives, which include 1,200 measures. A smaller set of Healthy People 2020 objectives, has been designated to communicate high-priority health issues and actions that can be taken to address them, this objectives are called Leading Health Indicators. The program goes above and beyond these health indicators in order to provide the best care for the people of this country. These indictors cover from the access of health service, nutrition, physical activity, and obesity to substance abuse, environmental quality, injury and violence.
Healthcare is a fundamental topic do to the wide range of topics to discuss and concerns that need to be address. Healthcare is forever changing and there are always new studies that show promising results. People who live in larger cities and town tend to have quicker access to better healthcare, also have better control of their health. However, even though our country is one of the leading healthcare providers, there are still people being left behind and have poor health management in our country still in this day, and age. Along with lack of healthcare those same people are facing ethical dilemmas with how well they are being cared for, treated, policies being maintained or enforce, and patient information is being management with in the
...program of nationwide health-promotion and disease-prevention goals set by the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The goals and objectives of Healthy People 2020 was predicated on a health system accessible to all Americans that would integrate personal health care and population-based public health activities. The goals were first set in 1979, for the following decade. The goals were subsequently updated for Healthy People 2000, Healthy People 2010, and Healthy People 2020. Healthy People 2020 was developed through a broad consultation process, built on the best scientific knowledge, and designed to measure programs over time. It is composed of 467 specific objectives organized into 28 focus areas, as well as two overarching goals. The two goals are "increase quality and years of healthy life" and "eliminate health disparities".
Healthy People are a nationwide program set by the United States Department of Health and Human Services with the objectives to promote health and prevent disease. The Healthy People program was first initiated in 1979, followed by Healthy People 1990, 2000 and 2010 with the same goals and objectives to promote health and prevent diseases. Due to the accomplishments that has been achieved in the previous years under this program, the Healthy People 2020 expanded or rather broadened their goals and objectives beyond disease prevention, health promotion and reducing health disparities, but to also eliminate healthcare disparities that has plagued this nation by the year 2020. The governing body, the United States Department of Health and Human Services is responsible for coordinating this program; track the progress of these objectives so as to improve the health of the population. Among the various goals set by this body, only three will be discussed in this paper to gain more insight as to what it entails. These include health equity to improve the health of all groups; social and physical environments that promote good health; and to promote quality of life, healthy development and healthy behavior across life stages.
Given the magnitude of health costs, both financial and in terms of human suffering, it is essential that preventive interventions be developed and/or enhanced. Nurses, physicians, and other helping professionals are in a good position, by virtue of their training, to add to such preventive efforts. Health is defined as a condition of physical, mental, and social well being and the absence of disease or other abnormal condition. It is not a static condition; constant change and adaptation to stress result in homeostasis (Mosby's Medical and Nursing Dictionary, 1994 p. 742). The fact that we can improve our health and extend our lives by changing our behaviors (i.e., eating well, exercising, not smoking, and reducing stress) supports the incorporation of health education, and prevention programs into a broad variety of settings.
Health promotion is a multifaceted movement with a core value on respect, empowerment, equity, inclusion and social justice (MacDougall 2002). Aims to achieve holistic health, while it is influenced by medical and social determinants. These determinants which aids to deter...
To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, an individual or group must be able to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore, seen as a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities. Therefore, health promotion is not just the responsibility of the health sector, but goes beyond healthy life-styles to wellbeing. Health promotion goes beyond health care. It puts health on the agenda of policy makers in all sectors and at all levels. It directs policy makers to be aware of the health consequences of their decisions and accept their responsibilities for
Primary prevention are means necessary to prevent health problems before they occur, and it involves health promotion. The purpose of primary prevention is to reduce an individual’s susceptibility to an illness by strengthening the individual’s capacity to withstand physical, emotional, and environmental stressors (Harkness & Demarco, 2016). Examples of primary prevention for obesity include education about proper diet and exercise before someone becomes obese. Another example is to educate people about the potential health risks of obesity (Lundy & Janes, 2001). Secondary prevention addresses pathology, and is aimed at early detection through diagnosis (Harkness & Demarco, 2016). This level of prevention focuses on identifying groups of individuals who have early symptoms of disease or condition so that they can receive prompt treatment. Examples of secondary prevention for health consequences of obesity include: blood pressure screenings and blood sugar testing (Lundy & Janes, 2001). Tertiary prevention consists of activities designed around rehabilitation. This level of prevention has a goal to restore the individual back to his/her optimal level of functioning. Examples of tertiary prevention include: regular exercise and healthy eating patterns for individuals with obesity, hypertension and diabetes (Lundy & Janes,
Based on the review from Whitelaw et al., settings in health promotion are used to deal with the whole problem rather than separate the problem in every single part. It is because each health related issues do not appear individually and the health problems generally link together to create a coordinated response. Therefore, the health issues should be solved by the healthy settings that contain a holistic angle and integrate multiple setting approaches. There are five types of settings are used in health promotion and they are used to focus on different problems and the solution.
Health promotion is the process of improving health status of a person and prevention of disease by enabling the person to take control of their health. It is not just the absence of disease (Maben, & Clark, 1995). Health promotion is commonly used term in health care world, and in current society the promotion of health has greater significance, especially with the rise in consumerism. Health promotion is a vital concept for nursing, symbolizing notions that nursing is related today. Nurses are being urged to take a health promotion role, and are deemed by others as an ideal role for them. It is therefore crucial that nurses cognize the meaning of health promotion and also what is expected from them by undertaking this
Edelman C., M. C. (2010). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span. (7th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
The five principles of HP include building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services (McMurray & Clendon 2015). The first principle aims to incorporate health into all public policy decisions beyond the health system so that living and working conditions become conducive to health and equity (Germov, Freij & Richmond 2015). According to McMurray & Clendon (2015), multi-sectoral collaboration is required among different sectors, such as education, industry and social welfare, with the reciprocally influential policies that guide the community health. The second principle emphasises the socio-ecological approach to health that promotes sustainable environment and broader social support systems that encourage a safe and satisfying life (Germov, Freij & Richmond 2015; McMurray & Clendon 2015). This principle requires to acknowledge the significance of conserving the physical or social resources that allow people to maintain health (McMurray & Clendon 2015). The third principle focuses on information and learning opportunities that enable communities to make knowledgeable choices for better health (McMurray & Clendon