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Reconstruction era full essay
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With the civil war coming to an end, the congressman of Illinois presented a fresh, new concept. This modern idea stated that the United States of America was a new nation and “for the first time, it had been wholly free.” Many of the white men from this time period were against the change and pursued their old way of life, which prevented the newly made amendments from going into full effect. Freedom in the south during the reconstruction era of America was very controversial. There were many different conceptions of what freedom was. It was thought to be land, others thought it had to do with money, and some even though it was not having a master/not being a slave. The definition of freedom swayed back and forth depending on whose point of …show more content…
This brought up much unwanted attention and so the Black Codes needed to be put in effect. The Mississippi Black Codes document of 1865 was presented to us by Walter L. Fleming, who was a historian who dealt with the south and more specifically the reconstruction era. He was targeting future historians who were studying this era. He nearly states the pros and cons of what the Mississippi Black Codes asked of their citizens. There were several things in the document that interested me in what history was at this time period. On the other hand, there were parts of the amendments to the government which I found very unethical with my present-day mindset. I realize such times were different, but it still made me sick to my stomach that “Freedmen, Free Negroes, and Mulattoes” were treated very differently than the ways such as whites were treated. The author breaks down the documents into different sections of the reconstruction plan. At first, he starts out talking about vagrant laws, which stated that the newly emancipated citizens had special laws that pertained to them. They were treated like animals that were forced to work if they did not have ownership of property. If they couldn’t hold down a job, on the second
Document 13-2 is a journal based on plantation rules for slaves all in a journal written by Bennet Barrow on May 1st of 1838. He named his journal, “Highland Plantation Journal” so he could reference back to his rules he told his slaves working on his plantation. Barrow wrote this journal because he wanted his slaves to follow a guideline of rules and regulations so they know what their master expects, and in this case, their master would be Barrow. The first few lines indicate that all men and women of colored skin should have these rules and regulation imposed on them. Barrow in his journal his very straight forward and gets to the point, he states, “No negro shall leave at anytime without my permission.” Just by this statement, one can jump to conclusion of the amount of grief and sorrow a slave goes through on a daily basis just by this one out of many rules.
The seed sown by the wealthy Southern plantation owner of racial disparity had germinated to later become the profoundly discriminatory society. The suppression and unjust behavior of white southern plantation owner towards black slaves had led the civil war, which transition the new era of uncertainty. The work of post-civil war does not end with the abolishment of slavery, but it only starts. The task of rebuilding the south, readmission of the confederate army to union, and providing assistance for the free people of post war, was later known as reconstruction. The work of reconstruction had not only failed to rebuild the nation as the united. But it also failed profoundly of what was the urgent needs of the post war; provide assistance
As stated many historians have begun to describe the Reconstruction Era as a “Splendid Failure”, given the intricate circumstances in the political and economic issues in America following the effects of the Civil War, it is not a complete revelation that the Reconstruction Era was going to face difficult and most challenging obstacles throughout the era. The Reconstruction Era provided success of many different business and began a series of small and large business in which contributed to the Industrialization Era. As new industrial businesses were establishing, advertising came as a vital component. In the chapter, describes the many opportunities that were created through Thomas Edison’s light bulb invention allowing employees to work longer
...ry have changed drastically by the time of this address. He believed the Civil War created a “new birth of freedom” within the nation.
Lincoln was a very smart lawyer and politician. During his “House Divided” speech he asked the question, “Can we, as a nation, continue together permanently, forever, half slave, and half free?" When he first asked this question, America was slowly gaining the knowledge and realizing that as a nation, it could not possibly exist as half-slave and half-free. It was either one way or the other. “Slavery was unconstitutional and immoral, but not simply on a practical level.” (Greenfield, 2009) Slave states and free states had significantly different and incompatible interests. In 1858, when Lincoln made his “House Divided” speech, he made people think about this question with views if what the end result in America must be.
.All persons held as slaves within said designated states, and parts of States, are, and henceforward shall be free.” (Lincoln 1862). In 1865, the Thirteenth Amendment was passed which abolished slavery (Thirteenth Amendment 1865). After the Civil War there was a problem of how freed people would survive.
The United States, a nation that has undergone many hard changes, politically, economically, and socially. The success of this great nation has relied on different plans and objectives set out by the leaders that have gone before us. One plan that helped shape our nation was Reconstruction. Though many consider Reconstruction to be a failure, Reconstruction helped pass laws that recognized African Americans as equals, restored the Union, and provided educational opportunities for former slaves. These initiatives are what made Reconstruction a success.
Discuss Whether Reconstruction Was a Success or a Failure. Reconstruction is the period of rebuilding the south that preceded the Civil War (1861-1865). This period of time is set by the question, now what? The Union won the war and most of the south was destroyed. Devastation, buildings turned into crumbles and lost crops.
loyalty oath. If this happened then that state could setup a new state government. Under
During the 1800s, the succeeding era following the American Civil War was sought to be a period of prosperity, privilege and freedom for those affected by the calamitous war and preceding period of oppression. This era of reconstruction made a genuine effort to; Readmit Confederate States to Union, establish and defend the rights to newly-freed African Americans, and integrate them into the United State's social, economic and political operations. However, the reality of this adverse situation was that southern, democratic radicals would institute new laws known as "Black Codes" (OI) which would set a nationwide precedent that they would go as far as they needed to maintain their confederate way of life. Other southern radicals had also created White Supremacy Organizations to combat opposing Republicans and freedmen. The severity of the situation synergized with Confederate hate established the grounds in which the efforts of Reconstruction ultimately failed.
The Reconstruction-era offered numerous opportunities to African-Americans, by attempting to secure the rights for ex-slaves, but the opportunities presented even more obstacles to them. The thought of freedom intrigued the African-Americans at first, but many of them quickly changed their minds after experiencing it. Henry William Ravenel, a slaveowner, proclaimed, "When they were told they were free, some said they did not wish to be free, and they were silenced with threats of being shot (Firsthand 24)." The Reconstruction-era effected the white settlers and their crops, as well, posing yet more obstacles for the already-struggling African-Americans. The hardships endured throughout this period of history were very immense and the struggle toward freedom and equality held a heavy price for all.
After the Civil War, in 1865, the southern plantation owners were left with minimal labor. They were bitter over the outcome of the war and wanted to keep African Americans under their control. Black Codes were unique to the southern states, and each state had their own variation of them. In general, the codes compelled the freedmen to work. Any unemployed black could be arrested and charged with vagrancy. The ones that did work had hours, duties, and types of jobs dictated to them. Codes were also developed to restrict blacks from becoming successful. They discouraged owning and selling property, and raising and selling their own crops. Blacks were often prohibited from entering town without written permission from a white employer. A black found after 10 p.m. without a note could be arrested. Permission was even required from a black’s employer to live in a town! Section 5 of the Mississippi Black Codes states that every second January, blacks must show proof of residence and employment. If they live in town, a note from the mayor must b...
After the civil war, newly freed slaves faced many challenges. Whites, especially in the south, regarded blacks as inferior more than ever before. The black codes were just one obstacle the freed slaves had to overcome. They were laws that were passed in the southern states that had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans freedom. These laws made it possible for the south to regain control over the black population in much of the same ways they had before. The black codes effected reconstruction, and even today’s society in many ways.
During the Reconstruction period, the political power of freedmen changed quite often. The most obvious example would be the 14th and 15th amendments passed by the governments. The 15th amendment gave black men the right to vote but this amendment was later undermined by other other policies, mainly in the south. The people in the South didn’t want to give blacks the right to vote so they did everything they could to prevent it. They first created a poll tax which required everyone who wanted to vote to pay $2. They wanted to make it too expensive for black people, who at the time made about $50 a year so they hard a hard time affording the tax. The Southerners then created the literacy test which required voters to take a test proving that they could read. Most black people couldn’t read at all because they didn’t have a good education system. Some black people paid the tax and pass the test which didn’t make the Southerners happy so they created the Grandfather Clause which didn’t allow people to vote if their father or grandfather couldn’t vote before 1867. This completely stopped any black person from voting because the 15th amendment was only passed in 1870 so now no black people were allowed to vote. The 14th amendment gave protection to freedmen with equal rights. This was misinterpreted and ending up hurting the freedmen. This can be shown with the Plessy vs. Ferguson Supreme court
In the years after the Civil War, a period of reformation began in the United States known as the Reconstruction Era. In this transformative period, the meaning of freedom – especially freedom for African-Americans – was a major topic of discussion. More specifically, after the Civil War, the dilemma over how to extend true freedom to African-American individuals in the South then came about. However, creating a social system to fairly grant this freedom to African-Americans in the South was no easy feat because there were opposing interpretations of freedom at the time. To explain, there was a debate over the meaning behind freedom, and whether it meant simply not being enslaved, having equal rights, being able to vote, or owning property.