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Views on reconstruction era
Freedom for African Americans 1865-1900
Views on reconstruction era
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The Reconstruction-Era The Reconstruction-era offered numerous opportunities to African-Americans, by attempting to secure the rights for ex-slaves, but the opportunities presented even more obstacles to them. The thought of freedom intrigued the African-Americans at first, but many of them quickly changed their minds after experiencing it. Henry William Ravenel, a slaveowner, proclaimed, "When they were told they were free, some said they did not wish to be free, and they were silenced with threats of being shot (Firsthand 24)." The Reconstruction-era effected the white settlers and their crops, as well, posing yet more obstacles for the already-struggling African-Americans. The hardships endured throughout this period of history were very immense and the struggle toward freedom and equality held a heavy price for all. After the Civil War, many of the ex-slaves moved away from their masters with their families in hopes of owning their own land, but very few found success. Many of the slaves found that they had a harder time being free than they did during slavery. The African-Americans now had to fend for themselves but most lacked the money, land, and jobs to do so. Some of the ex-slaves decided to stay and work for their masters for money, food, and shelter, but many were not fortunate enough to have that option. Many African-Americans died because they could not support themselves or their families on their own. The ex-slaveowners were also in a bad position at this point because they lack the manpower to manage their land. Henry William Ravenel, a former slaveowner, stated "Our Finances are in such a condition that universal discontent and real suffering exists (Firsthand 21)." ... ... middle of paper ... ...and the public grew informed of the brutal acts. The African-Americans began to move West and by doing so, greatly reduced the white men's income and avenged their deceased friends. The Reconstruction-era was an extremely rough period for the African-Americans as well as many white settlers. The African-Americans endured numerous hardships and losses as a result of the white settlers' frustrations. Although the African-Americans' losses were great during this time, the progress made throughout that period is amazing. Many of them were sent off with nothing, to live on their own and a number of them managed to meet success. Their largest success came when the Reconstruction-era ended. African-Americans fought and struggled for their freedom, rights, and equality, for years, and although it took them a long time, they accomplished what they set out to do.
Even when the Amendment abolished slavery in 1865, and the black people embraced education, built their own churches, reunited with their broken families and worked very hard in the sharecropping system, nothing was enough for the Reconstruction to succeed. Whites never gave total freedom to African Americans. Blacks were forced to endure curfews, passes, and living on rented land, which put them in a similar situation as slaves. In
While the formal abolition of slavery, on the 6th of December 1865 freed black Americans from their slave labour, they were still unequal to and discriminated by white Americans for the next century. This ‘freedom’, meant that black Americans ‘felt like a bird out of a cage’ , but this freedom from slavery did not equate to their complete liberty, rather they were kept in destitute through their economic, social, and political state.
Prior to the Civil War and Reconstruction, the main goal of the African American population was to be granted freedom. African Americans had been enslaved since 1619 in America, when the first slaves were sold on the auction block. However, their concepts of freedom were extremely romanticized and highly unrealistic as a direct result of the atrocities they witnessed and endured in the institution of slavery. They visualized the abolition of slavery to be comparable with the coming of Jesus Christ. Yet when politics made that day become reality on January 1, 1863, the newly freed men and women were utterly disappointed and in disarray. After living their lives under the institution of slavery, the former slaves were literally left to survive on their own without the proper tools such as opportunities, provisions, or education. This race of people, for whom it was illegal to learn to read or write and even to congregate in groups of three or more, was now released into the same society that had enslaved them, and which was now supposed to open its arms and accept them as equals. Along with this freedom came a sudden change in identity, a clinging to faith, and a supposed new placement within society.
By this time, the mindset of people who owned slaves, thought of ex-slaves as if they were still objects and property to be owned. The inequality and treatment of ex-slaves were ridiculous. Even some objects were more valuable than the life of an ex-slave, or any colored person. Leary, Hammond, and Davis stated in the “Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome” article, “Being reminded that our ancestors were treated as property and only as humans when it was profitable to their owners stirred our emotions… The author details how blacks were counted as 3/5 of a person… American slaves had no legal rights as property, but interestingly enough, slaves outside of the United States did have rights and could even buy themselves out of slavery under certain conditions” (Leary, Hammond, and Davis, “Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome”). This played a major role into Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome making a lasting effect throughout generations and generations to come. There were people who believed in the great plan of equality and fairness, but those people were very few. Even when President Lincoln passed the emancipation proclamation, people still did not want slaves to be free or even wanted to acknowledge them as people. This started to cause the Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome because there was no closure on the situation and the pain that came out of it. To this day,
Chapter sixteen begins with the reconstruction period of the civil war. From previous history classes I have learned more in depth about the war and why the North was fighting against the South, but overall I think the most important part to look at from the civil war is the end of it and what was to come after it, which was the reconstruction era. Lincoln had just released his emancipation proclamation and freed the slaves. As happy as this may seem it was actually quite the opposite. Attitudes of white southerners towards black in the south hadn 't changed a bit after the Emancipation Proclamation. In 1865 Carl Schurz was sent by President Andrew Johnson to investigate the current conditions of the confederacy after they were defeated in the civil war. While there he shared in his “Report on the Condition of the South” that southerners have a belief “so deeply rooted… that the negro will not work without physical compulsion”. Overall this just shows how the attitudes of white southerners were no different. They truly believed that the blacks weren 't able to work or function without force. Many northerners and abolitionists, such as Wendell Phillips, at this time saw this and actually said that Lincoln didn 't do enough. They wanted him to do a complete overhaul of southern society. Personally I understand where these people were coming from. They were people who really wanted all the issues to be resolved. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation was a step in the right direction, but he could have done more. Schurz even noted that “negroes who walked away from the plantations, or were found upon the roads, were shot or otherwise severely punished”. Former slaves weren ...
The main theme of 1866-1890 was all about reconstruction after the Civil War. Close to the beginning of 1866, March 13, The Civil Rights Act is passed by Congress. It was the first ever federal law to protect the rights of African Americans in the United States. It was tossed around as it was vetoed by President Johnson, who was impeached in 1868, but later overridden by Congress. More towards the end of the year, in December of 1866, the Klu Klux Klan (KKK) was formed secretly with the intention to discourage blacks from voting. Later on in 1873, Britain and America were faced with their first global depression brought about by Industrial Capitalism (Teaching History 1). Another theme of 1866-1890 was inventions. So many new things were being
After the Civil War ended in 1865, a big question was left: what does the future look like for freed slaves in America? For so long - 246 years, since the first African slave arrived in Virginia in 1619 - Southern African Americans were forced into slavery. However, in 1856, as a result of the Union’s win in the American Civil War and the determination of many, they were finally free - at least legally. The Civil War left a big dent on the South and tension was rising between whites and blacks. In the meantime, African Americans needed help, or else they would fall into the trenches of the American society once again. This was a time of crucial social change for Southern blacks, and the effects of Reconstruction on white and black race relations in America are still apparent and alive today.
After the Civil War the South had to be rebuilt. This was known as the Reconstruction Era. During the Recontruction Era a lot of time was devoted to the south by the nation.In fact there was a reconstruction plan made by President Abraham Lincoln.The point of his plan was to make the rebuilding of the South quicker. However the South did face some hardships, benefits, and disappointments during that time. For example, the South suffered a major decline in their econmy after the Civil War.
Slaves gained their freedom, temporarily enjoyed the moment, but then found out they were eventually slaves again through economic systems prejudiced against them. Reconstruction allegedly emancipated all slaves and established citizenship to African Americans who had been perpetually controlled with the chains of captivity. However, they are still trapped because of the Jim Crow laws, poll taxes and literacy tests. Unemployed African Americans were treated as beggars, detained, and made to work without real income. Enormous statistics of ex-slaves could only labor as sharecroppers: tenant farmers are eternally in debt, and mandated to give a hefty cut of the reap to their property landlords, obligated to purchase food at inflated values from
In 1865 all slaves were released by their masters. Despite this freed slaves’ triumph was short lived. Freed slaves were often incredibly poor once they were released. A good portion of people resorted to sharecropping, which was a system where a landowner would sell a little plot of land to someone every month where they could tend to the crops. The landowner took care of all of the expenses such as tools, and at the end of each month the tenant would have to pay the landowner a certain sum of money, which was often very large. The tenants often fell into debt, and were stuck on the landowner's farm. Another way that people oppressed African Americans without the title of “slave” was through the Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow laws made sure that former slaves had no freedom, even though they were technically “free”. Jim Crow laws prevented American citizens who had the constitutional right, to vote. The laws prevented people from going where they pleased, whether in schools, bathrooms, water fountains, or even public spaces. There was always a sign for whites and a sign for people of color or negroes. If someone of color disobeyed these society inforced set of rules, they would be arrested on charges such as disturbing the peace. Though the African American people were free, they hadn’t attained freedom. This was until Dr. Martin Luther KIng Jr became known for
Reconstruction was America’s first chance at interracial democracy. African Americans were technically freed but they didn’t have any place to work or live so they were in essence forced to work for their masters. Southern states established new constitutions and governments and enforced Black Codes. These codes limited the “freedom” of African Americans limiting them to work for low wages. The Codes disallowed them to testify in court unless it was against another black person(s). It also limited areas blacks could buy or rent property. They could be fined for speech deemed threatening to white
Throughout all recorded history, humans have consistently sought power because only the strongest can survive and prosper; the weak are left to struggle with little to nothing. Neither side wishes to back down, as forfeiting such a battle will cause suffering and the loss of privilege for them and their allies. As such, no matter when and where, there is always a never-ending conflict over power and wealth. Focusing on the late 19th century United States, one can observe that this pattern of struggle persists between many parties. For example, during the periods of Reconstruction, Westward Expansion, and Industrialization, there was always an intense conflict between the powerful and the weak or the rich and the poor. Drawing
With the end of the civil war, brought the beginning of the Congressional Reconstruction period. Due to the end of the war, slavery came to an end and law changes in the federal and local governments. The reconstruction period was created after the war in an attempt to rebuild the south and its government. The Union victory may have given slaves freedom, nut during the reconstruction period the south overturned their rights. They begin taking away laws given to the slaves to gain control over them once again. They began creating new laws that prevented African-Americans from practicing their lawful rights as a citizen. With Lincoln assassination and the new presidential election, federal government during is often argued questionable. It is
Abraham Lincoln in his Gettysburg Address said; "Four score and seven years ago our forefathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the position that all men are created equal." The Era of Reconstruction found the United States in shambles. Hence, there was a major setback in the revival and unification of the country due to the tragic assassination of President Abraham Lincoln on April 15, 1865, by a Confederate sympathizer, John Wilkes Booth. The Succeeding president, Andrew Johnson lacked the abilities to oversee the construction, thus delaying the progress. The North and South had individual reactions regarding the revisions thrust about through union victory.
Reconstruction was a time of major change for African Americans. This included economic, social, and political progress. Reconstruction was beneficial to everyone, even though African Americans were the ones who benefitted the most. A public school system was established to give equal education to all children, no matter their age, race, or color. The Southern economy had to be rebuilt after the Civil War. An interracial democracy was introduced into politics. People have said Reconstruction is responsible for reuniting the United States. For the first time in our history, African Americans felt like they were wanted and had a purpose in the United States.