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Rurality and urbanity
Distinguish between rural and urban areas
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Dominance and dependence exists between world cities and other urban centres. An example of this is Sydney’s role in contrast to the other Australian cities. Sydney is the principal centre for smaller, Australian-controlled businesses. Sydney relies on major world cities such as Tokyo, London and New york for creation of employment, factories and other opportunities. For example, car manufacturing is a very costly business to run and operate. Evidently, it was cheaper for the Toyota company to run overseas in Tokyo then here in Australia and so the factories shut down and moved to Tokyo for better flow on effects on the local economy.
World cities significantly have dominance over other urban centres. Decisions that are made in world cities
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Decisions made in world cities then influence regional centres such as Tey’s and Cargill Abattoirs in Wagga, AON bank in London also located in Wagga, McDonalds in Wagga, BP fuel station located in most regional areas. Important information, changes and/or improvements move through the urban hierarchy into regional centres such as Wagga, so that the company/business is mostly the same even in different locations. Further, sporting opportunities don’t happen very often in in regional centres such as Wagga, even though there is a lot of talent especially in football. The ‘Greater Western Sydney’ football team developed in 2009, which then played their first game in 2012 bought in some local talent into the first grade team. These boys then told the media where they came from so then the club decided to have a giants academy …show more content…
Cities like Brisbane, Darwin, Adelaide, Hobart, and Perth have functions that have been largely absorbed into Sydney and to a lesser extent Melbourne through corporate takeovers. These urban centres operate at an intrastate level of networking within Australia’s federal administrative structure. Further dominance would be exerted from Sydney over nearby urban centres like Newcastle and Wollongong. These relationships of dominance and dependence occur on a global scale and these roles are even more pronounced when the country has a greater number of urban centres and world cities that surround a dominant world city.
London acts as a centre of dependence for other major cities across the nation especially for financial transactions. Cities such as Birmingham and Manchester rely on London for a variety of needs and allow them to subsequently be linked into the global network. Nearby these major cities, are the urban centers that have dependent relationship with their closest major city. Eg Manchester - dependent urban places in close proximity include Liverpool, Chester and
Finally in 1991, the federal government initiated a ‘Better Cities Program’ which aimed to make Australian cities sustainable and more liveable. It encoura...
In this essay I will be discussing the issue of push and pull factors of Sydney`s climate and environment. Sydney has long been hospitable city for people from Australia and around the world. Some people come here to visit, and some stay forever. Furthermore, people move here to find work and accommodation.
5. Hypothesis 1- Within the 1900s, Pyrmont was considered one of the busiest and high-quality port facilities in Australia. However, urban decline became a problem as many industries began to relocate to inexpensive land , while the detoritation of the wool industry made many factories no longer useful. Understanding this, the federal government initiated a ‘Better Cities Program’ which focuses on making Australian cities sustainable and more
The City of Sydney 2031 metropolitan Strategy intends to transform the area into an information technology, communications and media zone (Sue Van Zuylan, Glyn Trethewy, Helen McIsaac 2007, pp. 170). While observing Pyrmont, business and industry revitalized the area with a focus on high tech, media and e-commerce businesses, some of which include Fairfax, channel 10, channel 7, Google, Nova as well as the Barangaroo development, which will attract many more people to the area as well as provide more
Internationally speaking, Australia is a slight disadvantage because of its location compared to other developed nations. The majority of global travellers do not typically pass through Australia on-route to another destination; Australia is the end of the line. Cities such as Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and...
Australia has had one of the most outstanding economies of the world in recent years - competitive, open and vibrant. The nation’s high economic performance stems from effective economic management and ongoing structural reform. Australia has a competitive and dynamic private sector and a skilled, flexible workforce. It also has a comprehensive economic policy framework in place. The economy is globally competitive and remains an attractive destination for investment. Australia has a sound, stable and modern institutional structure that provides certainty to businesses. For long time, Australia is a stable democratic country with strong growth, low inflation and low interest rate.(Ning)
The HRM strategy in Japanese companies is supported by the six pillars of Japanese employment practice lifetime employment, company welfare, quality consciousness, enterprise unions, consensus management and seniority-based reward systems. Toyota is at the heart of global manufacturing, a company that has grown over 70 years to become the world's third largest vehicle manufacturer. (Toyota worldwide 2006) Toyota is the seventh largest company in the world and the third largest manufacturer of automobiles, with production facilities in 26 nations around the world employing more than a quarter of a million people. The decision to manufacture in Europe was based on a corporate policy of building vehicles where the customers are and The United Kingdom was chosen for many reasons including its history of vehicle manufacture, the large domestic automobile market, its components supply base and its excellent links with the rest of Europe.
Meijers, E. (2005). Polycentric Urban Regions and the Quest for Synery: Is a Network of Cities More than the Sum of the Parts?, 42(4), 765-781. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420980500060384
The adverse macro-environment including the fiercer competition in local market due to Australia’s low-tariff barriers, the demanded vehicles of emerging markets in developing countries was counter to the types of Toyota manufactured, the small scale of operations limited by Australian market and population, the unbalanced free trade agreements and the adverse currency development. This would have significant effect on Toyota Australia’s decision of whether leave Australia or not.
Steps that were taken by Toyota to move their factories to Europe are a reaction to the volatility. This is because the Yen rose against the euro, so that it becomes increasingly more expensive for Toyota in selling their Japanese cars that were manufactured in the European market.
Sassen, S. "The Global City: introducing a Concept." Brown Journal of World Affairs. 11.2 (2005): 40. Print.
Melbourne’s western region all the way up to Geelong is connected to Greater Melbourne in multiple ways through the strong relationships between trade, tourism and infrastructure. These relationships give a vivid and clear representation of how similar and connected they are. Geelong, also known as the “gateway city” due to its central location surrounding the Victorian region is located South-West of Melbourne. It is 75 kilometres from the CBD of Melbourne. That is approximately one hour and a half drive from Melbourne to Geelong via the Princess Freeway.
It is important to understand the transport geography between two different types of cities in order to examine patterns of transportation mobility. Transport geography is a type of urban geography that seeks to explain the movement from one area to another in order to access different provisions. The two types of cities that are considered for transport analysis are a global city and an ‘Airport City’. A global city in this context is ‘underpinned by measuring and inter-relating criteria such as the scale of the urbanized area, labour productivity and research clustering in connection with the level of connectivity of air traffic’ Boshken (as cited in Knippenberger 2010). While an airport city is a settlement having a primary function to serve as a mode of transport via an aeroplane from one place to another and also ‘exhibit major business enterprises with spatial implications that extend deep into metropolitan areas’ (Freestone 2009,161-162). This essay pinpoints the similarities and differences in transport and infrastructure by using specific examples of New York’s Central Business District (CBD) and Copenhagen as an ‘Airport City’ to understand how transportation mobility impacts the production of logistics activity.
As stated before, spatial interaction is the movement of goods and services, people and information, between places and regions. In the instance of China, a certain “flow” has shown its relationship to the western world. Particularly, “heavily-conditioned” foreign investments has been pumped into that Southeast Asian country for a very long time now while China has given back lowball cheap materials for purchase in European and American markets. Initially, this idea doesn’t seem all that bad; after all, we,as in western cultures, have set up our production line in their country. But if we arent careful will this lead to western-style approaches to business management and even western technology (this technology to steady their own economy) be introduced? Unfortunately, the evidence is stacked heavily on the side that these facilities are not up to d...
Global cities are key command areas in the organization of the world economy, acting as a focus for trade flows and world finance and containing the principal marketplaces for the leading industries. These cities hold major corporate headquarters of TNCs, international banks and international division of labour (Macionis & Plummer 2012). Almost all of the world’s finance is controlled by twenty-five of these cities, with New York, London and Tokyo emerging as the three most powerful centres of world finance. But although these cities are the residences of large corporations and international systems of finance, they also have an increasing number of poor people. In Global cities, there is a sharp c...