The Brazilian Rainforest is one of the most unique, vast, and diverse regions of the world. To get a general idea of the diversity of the Rainforest, it makes up a total of one-third of the world forests (more than four million square kilometers), it contains half of the total number of named species in the world (eighty-thousand plant species, 1,500 fish species, and one-forth of the 8,600 bird species), and is the world largest holder of genes (Library 138-139). To say the least, the Brazilian Rainforest is one of the most important natural resources we, as humans, know. It would seem that this knowledge, alone, would also make the Brazilian Rainforest one of the most protected land areas on Earth as well. However, the situation is quite the opposite. The Brazilian Rainforest has been greatly degraded by deforestation since the 1960 , which has led to numerous negative effects both environmentally and socially. This paper introduces the events that opened the door to deforestation, the most immediate causes and effects of deforestation in the Brazilian Rainforest, and my two-part solution to the problem of deforestation.
Following a brief introduction of the history of the development of Brazil, I have broken the paper into five sections; each section is dedicated to one of the five main contributing factors of deforestation. The five main contributors are cattle ranching, farming, logging, infrastructure development, and weaknesses in the government. In each section I will discuss how each factor effects the environment and Brazil at large.
Brazil's rainforest became more heavily populated and invaded by migrants when the Brazilian government ncouraged settlement and development" (Crittenden 3) to bri...
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Binswanger, Hans P. "Brazilian Policies that Encourage Deforestation of the Amazon." World Development. 19.7 (1991): 821-829
Cockburn, Alexander and Susanna Hecht. The Fate of the Forest: Developers, Destroyers, and Defenders of the Amazon. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1990.
Crittenden, Elisabeth A. "Amazon Deforestation and Brazilian Land Problems." Online posting. Amazon Deforestation, Land Violence. 18 Dec. 2000
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Time Life Books Inc. Library of Nations: Brazil. United States and Canada: Time Life Books, 1986.
When John D. Rockefeller merged with the railroad companies, he had gained control of a strategic transportation route that no other companies would be able to use. Rockefeller would then be able to force the hand on the railroads and was granted a rebate on his shipments of oil. This was a kind of secret agreement between the two industries. None of the competition knew what the rates were for the rebates or the rates that Rockefeller was paying the railroad. This made it hard for the competition to keep up with the Standard Oil Company. The consequences led to many oil companies getting bought out by Rockefeller secretly. All in all, 25 co...
Wright, David, Heather LaRocca, and Grant DeJongh. "Global Problems." The Amazonian Rainforest: Forest to Farmland? The University of Michigan, 2007. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
The introduction of cattle ranching industries in the 1960s set the forefront for current Brazilian rainforest deforestation figures. During this time, development subsidy programs encouraged Brazilians to clear rainforest for pastureland and invest in new cattle ranches (Pancheco). Over the last 40 years, Brazil has destroyed 700,00 square kilometers of rainforest, an area about the size of Texas (BBC) (Enchanted Lear...
The Automotive, or electric car industry particularly, comprises all those companies and activities involved in the manufacture of electric motor vehicles (EV), including most components, such as engines, bodies and rechargeable batteries or another energy storage device. The industry’s principal products are passenger automobiles. Despite the fact that the first electric cars were produced in 1880s , the advances in internal combustion engines, especially the electric starter, soon diminished the relative advantages of the electric car and became the dominant design in the market. Due to this the EV was almost a forgotten industry staying in the early stage of development, conforming to less than 1% of the automotive stock
Governments in these countries need to stop thinking of forests as a renewable resource. The rate at which they are harvesting these areas drives them beyond the boundaries of sustainability. The efforts required by reforestation may not initially be cost effective, but it will result in not only the survivability of the environment, but of the country’s economy. Widespread awareness of these ideas will help fight against the natural human tendency towards instant gratification and short-term goals. Different methods of logging can be utilized to allow the rainforests to survive and regrow naturally and at a sustainable
Even though there are competitors in the electric powered automotive market, no one else manufactures and supplies their own battery pack to power the vehicle. Tesla’s exclusive technology creates entry into the electrically powered luxury automotive market extremely difficult. The ease of entry categorizes Tesla as an Oligopoly market structure. As mentioned above, although there are other competitors inside the electric powered automotive industry, Tesla is the only one designing and manufacturing their own powertrain components for the cars to operate. Categorizing them with all other alternative fuel brands gives the company a “false picture of the market Tesla is trying to capture.” (Speculations,
Brazil, a country of natural resources running everywhere needing saving, destroyed everyday by humankind. with 2/3’s of the Amazon forest home in brazil, we must keep an eye on how it is being sustained, what is being done to keep it safe and when we believe we will be able to not only stop deforestation, but grow back the earth’s creatures natural habitats. The sheer beauty of our world is worth trying to help our ecosystem and helping the environment and ensuring its sustainability.
In the 1870’s, J. D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company was established as a monopoly in the petroleum refining industry in the United States. How he managed to achieve this has always been an economic puzzle because the refining industry, at that time, had many small firms. Moreover, there were minimal barriers to entry into the industry. By 1879, Rockefeller was in control of more than 90 percent of the US’s refining capacity and “maintained a dominant share of refining, in spite of the fact that entry into refining remained easy” (Granitz and Klein 1996, p. 2). Over time, there have been many efforts to explain the Company’s growth; the most sophisticated economic discussion of the monopoly creation is by Elizabeth Granitz and Benjamin Klein in their 1996 article. In 2012, George Priest from Yale University offered an alternative theory for the success of Standard’s refining monopoly. This paper will provide a critical summary of the key issues raised in both the articles.
The article written by Bertel Schmitt concerns the topic of Tesla's success on the market, in particular, the lack of it, considering the active work of the competitors to boost their products and to promote them. While the statistics collected by the EV Volumes database provide a predict a positive development of the car industry in terms of use of the electric vehicles, for Tesla this news is not a positive one. The problem for Tesla lies in the fact that the majority of the vehicles that would be sold on the market would belong to the places where Tesla does not have success in contrast to its competitors.
John D. Rockefeller was the founder and owner of Standard Oil. Considered by many to be the first great businessman in the United States, he was extremely industrious and methodical. He could not stand to waste anything. He had begun working in business at the age of sixteen and had always displayed hard working and diligent qualities that impressed his superiors. He went into business for himself at the age of twenty by starting a commission merchant company trading grain, hay and meats. In the early 1860's, the oil boom struck in the eastern United State and Rockefeller wanted to get in on the ground floor. "Rockefeller began investigating the feasibility of entering the oil refinery business in 1862 and the firm of Andrews, Clark & Company was formed in 1863"(Entrepreneurs and American Economic Growth). Rockefeller bought out his partners and began to work with his brother William Rockefeller and Henry Flagler, a fellow business man, and Standard Oil was born.
Nowadays deforestation is the one of the most important and controversial environmental issues in the world. Deforestation is cutting down, clearing away or burning trees or forests. Particularly tropical rainforests are the most waning type of forests because of its location in developing countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, India, central African countries and Brazil. Deforestation rate in those regions is high enough to worry about, because of large economic potential of forest areas. As the result of causes such as agriculture land expansion, logging for timber, fire blazing and settling infrastructure there might be serious impacts in future. For instance, extinction of endemic species of animals and plants which will be feral, increase of greenhouse gas emissions which may lead to global warming and consecutive catastrophes, destruction of home for indigenous residents which is considered as violation of human rights. Some people can argue with these drawbacks telling that deforestation have more valuable benefits such as growth of economics, production of food and providing better opportunities for life for poor families. However, these benefits are quite temporary and government of that countries and world organisations tries to halt deforestation proposing several solutions. Deforestation problem is especially acute in the Brazilian Amazon, where its rate is much high comparing with other regions. This paper will describe world-wide rainforests, causes and effects of deforestation, and evaluate possible solutions of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon.
Rainforests, should we cut them down or not? Probably one of the biggest questions the world has to overcome. Sure, rainforests supply us with a lot of resources and we could surely not live without cutting some of them down, but should we be cutting them down at the rate we are? To be exact, the statistic estimates 1.5 acres of natural rainforests are being destroyed every second. While this practise supplies us with resources like timber for furniture, it also reduces the amount of oxygen supply.
This expected to result in certain automobile manufactures together with suppliers tumbling into the patent sack thereby developing the EV’s market. This will lead to global collaboration between the technologies associated with management of battery alongside speedy automobile charging together with the electric sport cars maker (Mahindra Reva). Nisan (Leaf maker) and the global largest selling electric car has welcomed other companies to join in the attempts that indorse EVs. Nissan now works with the many associates crossways the globe in the development of charging infrastructure readily available for the electric vehicle drivers (Barooah, 2016). Moreover, the Japanese car maker is also collaborating with Tesla following the Musk’s opening up the copyrights to everyone wishing to utilize its technology in good faith. The Japanese OEM has said that joint efforts in the creation of universally comparable charging infrastructure will accelerate the electric vehicles adoption (Barooah,
The technology of electric cars has been around since the beginning of the nineteenth century but soon disappeared as the gasoline-powered engine took the limelight. It took until the seventies with oil prices at new heights that electric cars even became considered as an alternative. The main reasons the public identifies electric cars to be unattainable is because of their high cost and limited capabilities. In the early developing stages electric cars were extremely costly, basic, and so limited from a technical standpoint that many people thought buying a golf cart would be more practicable. Unfortunately, these prejudgments made many people blind to the vast improvement electric cars have made over the years. Their improvements have much to do with that major auto manufactures such as General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, and Tesla Motors producing high-performance electric vehicles. With major manufacturing companies continuing improvements on electric car engineering, the future of commuting automobiles has become electric.
The main theme in this article is how Tesla’s innovations are transforming the auto industry. The company has innovated and produced desirable electric cars like Model X doors. The proponent of this argument hold that the losses that Tesla has had are just short run and hold that Tesla is producing extremely needed electric automobiles. These vehicles have fast speed and go long distance over other rechargeable cars (Gregersen, 2016).