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Political decisions influenced by religion
Separation of church and state in america
Separation of church and state in america
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Let's tax the churches! All of them, in a non discriminatory way that doesn't consider faith or level of political engagement. In our nation, there are often calls for the federal government to revoke the tax exempt status of churches. The most common arguments made for taxing churches are that exemptions deny the government important sources of revenue to pay its bills, and that many churches abuse their tax exempt status by violating IRS guidelines that prohibit them from engaging in political activity (Cavalli, Dimitri). Other arguments debate whether exemptions constitute to subsidizing religion and if exemptions violate the separation of church and state.
While the desire to tax churches is not new, the issue of religious tax preference is especially relevant now because the number of Americans living outside any religious traditions continues to grow. Is it fair to tax all Americans to subsidize religious institutions that only some Americans use?
In the United States, churches received an official tax exemption in 1894, and they have been unofficially tax exempt since the country's founding. All 50 states and the District of Columbia exempt churches from paying property tax (Churches and Taxes-procon.org). The tax exemption for churches can be traced back to the Roman Empire, when Constantine granted the Christian church a complete exemption from all forms of taxation following his conversion to Christianity (Churches and Taxes-procon.org). Church property used for religious purposes was also tax exempt in mid evil England, based on the rationale that the church relieved the state of some governmental functions and therefore deserved to benefit in return. The English statute of charitable uses formed the basis of Ameri...
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...re Churches Making America Poor?" Newsweek. N.p., 25 Oct. 2013. Web. 12 Nov. 2013.
Beres, Derek. "Tax The Churches." Big Think. N.p., 11 Dec. 2012. Web. 16 Nov. 2013.
Cavalli, Dimitri. "The Church, Nonprofits, and Taxes." Catholic World Report. N.p., 18 Jan. 2013. Web. 05 Nov. 2013.
"Churches and Taxes - Churches and Taxes-Churches and Taxes-procon.org." ProConorg Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2013.
Matthews, Dylan. "You Give Religions More than $82.5 Billion a Year." Washingtonpost.com. N.p., 22 Aug. 2013. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.
Rowe, Richard. "U.S. District Court Judge Rules Religious Tax Exemption Unconstitutional!" Americans Against the Tea Party. N.p., 22 Nov. 2013. Web. 22 Nov. 2013.
Stanhouse. "Churches Are Tax Exempt as a Matter of Constitutional Right." OpposingViews.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2013.
Taxthechurches.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2013.
By 1763, although some colonies still maintained established churches, other colonies had accomplished a virtual revolution for religious toleration and separation of church and state. The Anglican Church was the only established denomination in England. In contrast, the colonies supported a great variety of churches. The largest were the Congregationalist, Anglican, and German churches, but many smaller denominations could be found through the colonies. In addition to this, a high percentage of Americans didn’t belong to any church. These differences could be attributed to the fact that many of the Europeans who immigrated to America didn’t fit in to or agree with the churches in their homelands.
Solomon, Norman. "New House Rules: Christianity, Economics, and Planetary Living."Subverting Greed: Religious Perspectives on the Global Economy. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2002. 96-117. Print.
Worth, M. (2014). Nonprofit management: Principles and Practice. 3rd Ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
The nation has approximately 1 million nonprofit entities of various sorts and hospitals have long been a traditional service provider in the nonprofit sector (Williams & Torrens, page 185). Nonprofit entities are generally exempt from most taxes at the federal, state, and local levels, including income and property taxes (Williams & Torrens, page 185). These facilities are governed by a community-based board that has ultimate authority for running these entities. Sponsorship for a nonprofit can come from various organizations, unlike other hospitals with traditional religious sponsorship (Williams & Torrens, page 185). A small percentage of the nation’s hospitals are operated by for-profit businesses (Williams & Torrens, page 186).
The Protestants who emigrated to America knew from experience of the negative effect the government had on religion when the two were operating together. With the mindset of creating a new perfect holy land, they decided to make sure both church and state worked separately. While Puritans still did everything they could to enforce their beliefs in New England, including exiling those who did not attend church regularly, the core idea of separation of church and state was in the minds of the people. In order to have a country that values the freedom of religion, the church has to be out of any government policy. Any laws that are created around a single church’s faith, even if the majority of the population believes in them, threaten the freedoms of all other denominations. Ame...
Retrieved April 4, 2014, from http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=3117d496-29ac-4318-82c9-1dfeeac7cc64%40sessionmgr113&vid=12&hid=109 Hundley, K. (2013, June 13). Above the law: America's worst charities. CNN. Retrieved April 5, 2014, from http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/13/us/worst-charities/ Independent Auditors Report. (2012).
The Supreme Court has adopted a standard of neutrality to satisfy the Establishment Clause stating: neither federal or state government can enact laws which aid one religion, aid all religions, or prefer one religion over another, and neither can force nor influence a person to profess a belief or disbelief in any religion. Everson v. Bd. of Educ., 330 U.S. 1, 15 (1947). The means that the Martin County Board cannot actively endorse any one particular religion over another and also cannot restrict any one particular religion. See Marsh v. Chambers, 463 U.S. 794, 795 (1983). It must remain religiously neutral. Id. at 795. The Martin County Board’s meeting practice of offering a prayer before its board meetings violates the Establishment Clause because they provided strong sectarian references in their invocations, endorsed Christianity, and coerced those in attendance to participate in the prayers.
...o charities and health centers. The government should look to possibly allow for taxpayers to decide what happens with their money. Again, if the country truly wants to cut the budget deficit, it starts with removing some of the middle class benefits for which the wealthy are already struggling to pay. To raise taxes on the rich will only stunt economic growth and cut jobs, which are two key components to having a prosperous country. Success and development within a nation strictly comes from the power and wealth of the economy and the integrity of earning and deserving what one puts in through hard work. The United States lives by the American Dream, and as long as this drives the majority of individuals, there is no logical reason to take more than what is necessary, especially from the ones who have taken advantage of the opportunity the best.
“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.” (First Amendment Center, 2008)
December 15, 1791 the First Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, guaranteeing that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech." At an absolute minimum, the Establishment Clause was intended to prohibit the federal government from declaring and financially supporting a national religion, such as existed in many other countries at the time of the nation's founding (University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2011). Prefacing the institution of the Establishment Clause, society was becoming increasingly concerned that the government was dictating to the people which type of religion they should favor. The tables turned back in forth either favoring Catholicism or Protestantism. Tax dollars were being used to support whatever was being called the state church. During the time that Pierce v. Society of Sisters was being heard, people were becoming increasingly tired of the punishment, imprisonment and increased taxation that was occurring for not conforming to the prevailing religion.
...g to generate revenue to sustain a good, standing army. He commanded taxation on the Church because they are citizens of France like everyone else and need to pay their fair share to help protect their country. King Philip IV also had the right to tax the Church because it was considered suitable for the clergy of the church to help with the funds in order to pay for conflicts such as crusades and war. Several disputes between Pope Boniface VIII and Philip the Fair of France occurred over the years following the decision by King Philip IV to tax the Church. When Philip the Fair ordered taxation on the Catholic Church he was trying to equally tax all of the people within France’s borders. For these reasons Philip the Fair of France had the right to tax the people of his country, including members of all religious organizations that lie within the borders of France.
In the aid to church-based schools, one of the first interpretations of the Establishment Clause began in 1947 in Everson v Board of Education. With voting 5 to 4 “the Court upheld a state law to reimburs...
Church Is the Biggest Financial Power on Earth. Liberty University, 29 Mar. 2012. Web. 29 Oct. 2013
... “The Nonprofit Sector: For What and for Whom?” Working Papers of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project, no. 37. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies, 2000
Kozlowski, James C. “First Amendment Dilemma: Civic Event Fund Discriminated Against Prayer Day.” Parks & Recreation, Sept. 2000: 1. ( www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m1145/9_35/66035659/print.jhtml )