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Full analysis of the poem beowulf
The analysis of the poem beowulf
Features of the poem Beowulf
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We All Have the Mark of Cain
All humans have the Mark of Cain. Monsters are born among them; sometimes hidden deep within their own selves. In the epic poem Beowulf, the battle between man and monster is told. The monsters are said to have the mark of Cain; their bloodline forever punished by God for the crime of Abel’s death. The protagonist Beowulf defeats these monsters, but in some ways becomes one himself; the question then arises: Is Beowulf really a hero? However, what makes this poem so intriguing is not just the battles between hero vs. villain; but rather the poet's power of expression in using stylistic devices to synthesize his material in an appealing manner. The power is enriched by the way the poet conveys a thought or emotion using poetic diction, Christian jargon, symbolism, imagery and other devices to appeal to the reader's senses and emotions.
Strong, proud, courageous, and determined are all words that can be used to describe Beowulf. The poet who wrote Beowulf possibly had a strong Christian background, for bible jargon is used frequently throughout the poem. After Beowulf kills Grendel's mother, he describes the battle to his people referring to his enemy as “she-devil” and saying that he only
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succeeded with the help the “Father in Heaven”. The word devil has a negative religious connotation that relates to evil; therefore, leading the reader to associate Beowulf as holy for he is fighting evil with the Almighty God’s help. The perception of Beowulf is also augmented through the use of euphonious diction used when Beowulf defeats Grendel's mother saying that “brilliant light shone, suddenly/as bright as heaven's own candle, lit in the sky,” the word choice gives imagery of a warm glow aura; moreover, in the bible light is often used as a symbol for holiness so the light that shines is a symbol of God's approval of Beowulf's murder of the monster. This makes the reader perceive Beowulf as if he is on the right hand of God, fulfilling god's wishes. Beowulf is described as holy and righteous in this poem; however, the monsters a form created by all things evil and sinful. Holy Beowulf vs.
unholy monsters is a theme in the poem Beowulf. The monster Grendel is described as “savage” with “lust for evil.” The bible jargon denotative diction of the word lust is seen in the bible to be one the biggest sins that befall men; this makes the reader see Grendel in more dark and evil light. At one point in the poem, Beowulf rips the arm of Grendel, the author describes the event using cacophonous diction, “bleeding sinews in his shoulder snapped, muscle and bone split;” this description of Beowulf ripping off of Grendel's arm is violent and the onomatopoeic diction of snapped and split suggests harsh sounds that the reader can both hear and visualize. With Beowulf using such violence and gore to kill Grendel is he really a
hero? Although Beowulf is portrayed to be a hero, he lacks the luster that is commonly seen in stories about heroes. Beowulf is human, having the same ancestry of the monsters that are born with the mark of Cain. Even in Beowulf’s heroic tales, he does evil villainous things. Beowulf kills Grendel's mother and “rejoices at the sight” of her ‘lifeless, dead body and her cut through neck;’ understated diction is used in this event to mask the dark side of Beowulf. Humans have their sins and are not perfect. Even if Beowulf doesn’t have the mark of Cain, he is just as monstrous in his killings; yet, he is still a hero for he saves lives. Like humans, heroes have their imperfections. The poem Beowulf, through the stylistic devices and diction, tells a tale of monsters and heroes also describing human nature. Beowulf--although imperfect-- he still remains a hero in God’s favor through the end. Like Beowulf and the monsters, humans are imperfect. Given the right circumstances the mark of Cain can grow and manifest to form a monster like Grendel; and like Beowulf, the brave and courageous who took on monsters, one may become a monster themselves.As Nietzsche once said,“Whoever fights monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster.”
In Tolkien’s lecture, “Beowulf: The monsters and the Critics,” he argues that Beowulf has been over analyzed for its historical content, and it is not being studied as a piece of art as it should be. He discusses what he perceives the poet of Beowulf intended to do, and why he wrote the poem the way he did. Tolkien’s main proposition, “it was plainly only in the consideration of Beowulf as a poem, with an inherent poetic significance, that any view or conviction can be reached or steadily held” (Tolkien). He evaluates why the author centers the monsters throughout the entire poem, why the poem has a non-harmonic structure, why and how the author fusses together Christianity and Paganism, and how the author uses time to make his fictional poem seem real. He also discusses the overall theme of Beowulf and other assumptions of the text. To support his viewpoints, Tolkien uses quotations and examples from the poem, quotations from other critics, and compares Beowulf to other works of art. Tolkien discusses several statements in interpreting Beowulf as a poem.
Since the beginning of Beowulf, the character Beowulf shows courage in everything he does. This is proven when he battles Grendel, a descendant of Cain that haunts the halls of Herot. Beowulf being a mighty protector of men, holds the monster down until his life leaps out (Beowulf lines 472-475). As Beowulf battles Grendel, he is determined to
While the classic battle between good and evil forces is a major theme of the medieval epic Beowulf, one may question whether these good and evil forces are as black and white as they appear. Scholars such as Herbert G. Wright claim that “the dragon, like the giant Grendel, is an enemy of mankind, and the audience of Beowulf can have entertained no sympathy for either the one or the other” (Wright, 4). However, other scholars such as Andy Orchard disagree with this claim, and believe that there is “something deeply human about the ‘monsters’” (Orchard, 29). While Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon are indeed portrayed as evil and violent foes, there are parts within Beowulf that can also lead a reader to believe that the “monsters” may not be so monstrous after all. In fact, the author of Beowulf represents the “monsters” within the poem with a degree of moral ambivalence. This ambivalence ultimately evokes traces of sympathy in the reader for the plight of these “monster” figures, and blurs the fine line between good and evil within the poem.
This demonstrates his boldness since he was the set out man toward the Geats. By picking the most grounded and boldest individuals, Beowulf mirrors that he himself more likely than not been considerably more valiant with a specific end goal to have the capacity to lead his honorable individuals. Thusly in picking the overcome men he did, not just did he demonstrate the amount more overcome he was, Beowulf additionally demonstrated that he was by a wide margin and epic saint. Beowulf had three huge phases of his life. The real battles changed his life until the end of time. Grendel, Grendel 's mother, and the mythical beast was the hardest adversaries, he ever needed to battle. The New York Times states "Beowulf" was an early love, and a sort of Rosetta Stone for his imaginative work. His investigation of the ballad, which he called "this most noteworthy of the surviving works of old English lovely workmanship," educated his reasoning about myth and dialect. I trust that Beowulf will never be overlooked in light of the fact that regardless it demonstrates the distinction amongst immaturity and senior
Grendel represents Paganism. The killing of Grendel and his mother, represents the ending of Paganism and the beginning of Christianity. The cause of Beowulf’s pride and self-centered personality may come from the belief in the afterlife. Literary critic, Alfred Bammesberger supports this claim by stating, “The poem focuses on the royal glory… on the heroic achievements of Beowulf” (Bammesberger). All glory would carry over into the afterlife, meaning that the deeds that he performs will follow him into the afterlife. All the conflicts come back to those beliefs. In addition, Beowulf displays characteristics of pure pride, as well as carelessness, while battling the external conflicts which leads to his death. To conclude, “Beowulf” has many distinct conflicts and even more hidden meanings and
“In my youth I engaged in many wars”, Beowulf boasts to his warriors, which is certainly true. Throughout his life, he faces many deadly foes, all of which he handily defeats, save one. His story focuses on the most challenging, as well as morally significant of foes, Grendel and the dragon. These creatures reveal much about society as well as Christian virtue at the time. Even after Grendel and the dragon are defeated physically, the two monsters pose a new threat to the hero on a higher plane. Beowulf is not only at risk of losing his life, but his humanity, virtue, and even spirituality.
Beowulf is an epic poem written in Old English by an unknown author. The main character of the book, Beowulf, ultimately clashes with an evil monster named Grendel. However, before that battle, Grendel goes on a murderous rampage that spans fourteen years, and he continues it every night. Fueled by a hatred for the God-praising citizens of the town and the construction of a boisterous town hall right above his home, Grendel’s ensuing rampage earns him the reputation of a purely evil being. Although Grendel’s continued mass murder is not justified, the invasion of his home and unlucky birth make it understandable.
Throughout the story, Beowulf fights three battles against frightening monsters. Beowulf, the prince of the Geats, was a well known warrior with extreme strength who makes a promise to protect his people under any circumstance. In the poem, his strength is tested, but he uses it to save many people in battles against: Grendel, Grendel 's mother, and a dragon. Before, during, and after each of these battles Beowulf shows many similarities and differences in his actions.
Beowulf’s courage and faith can be seen throughout the entire poem. The author shows what the other characters thought of Beowulf in lines 114-119, “None of the wise ones regretting his going, much As he was loved by the Geats: the omens were good, And they urged the adventure on”. Beowulf can be represented or resembled as a biblical hero such as David or Samson. Beowulf overcame many difficult problems that others would not even contemplate to take on. Beowulf the Geat took on Grendel and Grendel’s Mother. He also came to fellow warrior Hrothgar’s aid and even risked his own life for the sake of his warriors.
Beowulf is an epic poem that, above all, gives the reader an idea of a time long past; a time when the most important values were courage and integrity. The only factors that could bestow shower fame upon a person were heroic deeds and family lineage. Beowulf, as the paradigm of pagan heroes, exhibited his desire to amass fame and fortune; the only way to do so was to avenge the death of others. This theme of retribution that is ever present throughout the poem seems to color the identities of its characters.
Shattered dreams, crippled bodies, and pulverized bones paint the scene as the devil’s spawn slaughters everyone in sight. In Beowulf, the unknown poet tells the tale of Beowulf, king of the Geats, and his afflictions. Throughout the poem, Beowulf endures hardships that take him on a journey of a lifetime. Beowulf grows stronger spiritually and physically through every tribulation he prevails. The reader travels the journey alongside Beowulf through the author’s use of alliteration, epithets, and vivid imagery. These literary devices convey the concept that, against the worst odds, God’s presence is more powerful than any weapon in existence.
There are three prominent monsters in the Beowulf text, Grendel, his mother, and the dragon. While the dragon proves to be the most fatale of foes for Beowulf, Grendel and his mother do not simply pose physical threats to the Germanic society; their roles in Beowulf are manifold. They challenge the perceptions of heroism, a sense of unrivalled perfection and superiority. Moreover, they allow the reader to reconsider the gender constructs upheld within the text; one cannot help but feel that the threat that these monsters present is directed towards the prevalent flaws in Beowulf’s world. Moreover, what makes these monsters is not their physical appearance; it is what they embody. Both Grendel and his mother have humanlike qualities yet their monstrous appearance arises from what their features and mannerisms represent. The challenge they pose to societal paradigms makes them far more terrifying to our heroes than any scaled flesh or clawing hand. These monsters provide the ‘most authoritative general criticism […] of the structure and conduct of the poem’. Their presence provides contrast and criticism of the brave society (Heaney 103).
Beowulf is an epic story of a brave man guarded by God. He is an Anglo-Saxon hero, who is celebrated still to this day. The semantic interpretations of heroism can differ from person to person. The Christian definition of a hero reflects when a person is selfless, is working to glorify God, and is loved by his or her people. If the reader observes Beowulf’s character, he fulfills all these criteria making him a hero. Furthermore, his heroic characteristics manifest themselves through many literary techniques such as epithets, foreshadowing, and allusions.
Throughout time, a topic that always resurfaces in literature is that of a hero. Most, if not all, major works of literature include a hero in some way shape or form. In the Bible, for example, Jesus Christ, the messiah, has come to save us all from the evil of sin. Even death could not defeat Jesus Christ, who rose from the dead after releasing the saints from hell. In Anglo-Saxon Culture the mighty warrior is the prime hero mentioned throughout literature. Beowulf, the epic hero in the epic poem Beowulf by an unknown scop, saves the Danes and his people, the Geats, from many monsters full of malice and hate. Beowulf fulfills the ideals of an Anglo-Saxon hero well, such as “one true hero”, and displays great courage.
Beowulf’s first accomplishment as an epic hero was his battle with Grendel. Grendel was a huge beast, a descendent of Cain, who ruthlessly murdered innocent Danes because he felt pity for himself. Upon hearing of the Dane’s problem, Beowulf set off to help the Danish without having been called upon. Even though Beowulf had men backing him, He drew battle with Grendel alone and without armor or weapons. Yet, Beowulf emerged victorious with the arm of Grendel as his trophy. Beowulf then went on to kill Grendel’s vengeful mother and a huge fire-breathing dragon who thought it had been done wrong by the Geats. Alas, the killing of the dragon would be Beowulf’s last great battle for the dragon took Beowulf’s life in the struggle for his own.