Luis Flores
Professor Piper
Writing 5.22
November 17, 2017
W.E.B. DuBois: Strategic Activist
At the turn of the twentieth century, sociologist W.E.B. DuBois published "The Souls of Black Folk", a collection of essays revolving around the topic of race and other sociological components relating to African American culture and history. In his three essays "Of the Meaning of Progress", “Of the Wings of Atalanta” and "Of the Training of Black Men", Dubois actively campaigns for racial equality for the black community. He demands equal access to a well-rounded education be granted as it provides the knowledge and life enrichment essential toward advancement in society. Although DuBois champions the importance of a proper education in forming prominent individuals, his demands for education are geared solely towards the male gender. However, DuBois' exclusion of women does not appear to be driven by a personal belief of gender superiority as was
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common in the 1900's, a time period where women were viewed by society as intellectually inferior to white men (Faragher 64).
Instead, it is a strategic act employed in efforts to achieve a plausible immediate advancement for the black community. A fervent political activist, DuBois recognized that the social climate existing in the early twentieth century continued to be hostile toward women, especially black women who faced the double barrier of being female and a racial minority. As a result, to increase the probability of obtaining a well-rounded education for black men, DuBois intentionally excludes black women from his fight for education as he is conscious that an effort for their social advancement will be thwarted as the social climate did not allow for their progression. Therefore, although DuBois is sympathetic to the cause of women's advancement, he avoids a radical stance by excluding black woman and focusing on the male gender seeing that it is an achievable fight as men were closer to a progressional
milestone, while women remained in a position of subversion and had a record of failure in their fight for equality. DuBois excludes women from his fight for education as a movement to achieve a comprehensive curriculum for black men was much less controversial and thus more plausible as there were already higher education institutions that served black males, known today as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (Bracey 1). Black men had opportunity to attend institutions like Howard, Fisk, and Clark Atlanta University that DuBois accredits for establishing the foundation for the movement of black mobility, yet also denounces for teaching students to become wage earners rather than providing "that fine adjustment between real life and the growing knowledge of life" crucial to a life of success (Dubois 306). Although black men obtained a flawed education, women regardless of race did not enjoy such fairness in opportunities as they were viewed as an inferior gender. This popular belief is exemplified by the many colleges and universities professors who resisted admitting women by affirming studies showing that "women were physically incapable of higher education" (Faragher 112). Moreover, black women being racial minorities faced increased opposition in their attempts for an education. Groups such as the Ku Klux Klan often terrorized black women and crushed their efforts by burning their school books supplies and violently whipping them as they believed black women weren’t allowed to have schools (Lerner 112-113). By strategically excluding women from his demands, Dubois avoids provoking a firestorm among the white community that would have weakened his argument. Therefore, he focuses on black men as his demands are sustained by building upon the existing opportunities of social advancement that black men were already granted, rather than launching a new fight including women that would have subverted his feasible demands and forestalled his entire effort.
W.E.B. DuBois was an educator, writer, scholar, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, and later in his life a communist, whose life goal was to gain equal rights for all African Americans around the world. DuBois’ writings were mostly forgotten till the late 1960s, because of his involvement in communism and his absence during the civil rights movement in America. Even though his writings were temporarily forgotten because of his tarnished reputation, his legacy has since been restored allowing for his writings to be reprinted becoming a major influence for both academics and activists. DuBois’ accomplishments include his part in the creation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and his support for the civil rights movement advocating for equal social and economic rights for all African Americans. His accomplishments and efforts in order to gain equal treatment for African Americans outweigh his shortcomings and failures.
African-Americans in the 1920’s lived in a period of tension. No longer slaves, they were still not looked upon as equals by whites. However, movements such as the Harlem renaissance, as well as several African-American leaders who rose to power during this period, sought to bring the race to new heights. One of these leaders was W.E.B. DuBois, who believed that education was the solution to the race problem. The beliefs of W.E.B. DuBois, as influenced by his background, had a profound effect on his life work, including the organizations he was involved with and the type of people he attracted. His background strongly influenced the way he attacked the "Negro Problem." His influence continues to affect many people.
While growing up in the midst of a restrictive world, education becomes the rubicon between a guileless soul and adulthood. In the excerpt from W.E.B. Du Bois’ The Souls of Black Folk, Du Bois provides a roadmap for African Americans to discover and understand themselves through the pursuit of knowledge, self-awareness, and authenticity. The excerpt is a significant part of the essay because it also speaks for the modern day pursuit of knowledge, self-awareness, and authenticity, an indispensable path into finding one’s self.
DuBois believes that in a time of such social and economic inequality in the Nation the only way for African Americans to take their deserved rights, and overcome the daily injustices of the Gilded Age and racism is through thorough education.
Like Washington, Dubois agreed that “blacks” needed to become economically independent and find civil equality. However, W.E.B Dubois was offended at racial injustice and inequality. Du Bois understood Washington’s program, but believed this wasn’t the solution Unlike Washington, he demanded that African Americans should immediately have the right to vote, equal rights, and be granted equal educational opportunities. WEB Dubois wanted educational reform in a way that fulfilled requirements for African American students. WEB Du Bois declared African American demands through his “Declaration of the Principles of the Niagara Movement,” in which he demanded social equality.
Dubois emphasized education in the novel. Essentially the author knows that only through education will the veil’s existence end. In “Of the Training of the Black Man” the author acknowledges the skills of the black man and recognizes that because the slaves were held captive the ability to reach their full potential wasn’t available. The rise of the educated will eventually defeat the veil. Although slavery ended the injustice still held black’s captive. This mental enslavement hinders the achievement of education and other mechanisms to achieve the true meaning of
... same thing for blacks, first-class citizenship, but their methods for obtaining it differed. Because of the interest in immediate goals contained in Washington’s economic approach, whites did not realize that he anticipated the complete acceptance and integration of Negroes into American life. He believed blacks, starting with so little, would have to begin at the bottom and work up gradually to achieve positions of power and responsibility before they could demand equal citizenship—even if it meant temporarily assuming a position of inferiority. DuBois understood Washington’s program, but believed that it was not the solution to the “race problem.” Blacks should study the liberal arts, and have the same rights as white citizens. Blacks, DuBois believed, should not have to sacrifice their constitutional rights in order to achieve a status that was already guaranteed.
Education was a key to a diverse and cultural society. DuBois is a well-respected intellectual. and leaders, working to reach goals of education and peaceful resolutions. between the races and classes. DuBois felt that the black leadership, of Booker T. Washington, was too.
“It should come as no surprise that Washington’s historical conflict culminated as a struggle between him and DuBois” (Gibson III 66). To say the least, both men were very active in the upbringing of African-Americans, but their differences in displaying out the solution was what brought them apart. Washington wanted the education system to enforce industrial teachings that started at lower economic power, while DuBois had more abstract ideas of equality and voting for African-Americans. Washington was conservative in the matter of African-American inclusion into society, hoping that given enough time and progress, people would learn to accept them, rather than fight for social power like what DuBois stood for. Despite Washington’s program that appealed to White-Americans, he was involved in politics and spoke about the disfranchisement of African-Americans. His idea of easing tensions with the superior gathered him more publicity, as to DuBois’s plan of protesting. As a result, DuBois’s idea became more prominent as it branches into what we know now as the civil rights movement. Historically, Washington and DuBois has made a name for themselves, through their intentions for the good will of African-Americans, and that is something that will always hold true in these two notorious
The United States societal system during the 19th century was saturated with a legacy of discrimination based upon race. Cultivating a humanitarian approach, progressive intellectuals ushered in an era of societal reconstruction with the intention to establish primary equalities on the pervasive argument of human race. The experiment poised the United States for rebellion and lasting ramifications. The instantaneous repercussions for both races evolving from the emancipation of African-Americans were plainly stated by the daughter of a Georgia planter in the summer of 1865: "There are sad changes in store for both races" (Nash 469). The long-term ramifications are still in progress. The combination and division of commerce and virtue, north and south, white and black, violence and empathy, and personal and political agendas, created the birth and death of the era of Reconstruction that began during the Civil War and ended in 1877. However, the period of Reconstruction provided the entry for two African-American men, Booker T Washington and W.E.B. DuBois, to rise to leadership positions while propelling radically opposing ideologies. The two differing ideologies served as anchors in a society adrift. Both races, being tossed about by the storm Reconstruction had unleashed upon society, were compelled to reach-out for the anchors that symbolized the prospect of stability. Washington and DuBois anchors were thrust in different bodies of water, but both men's proclamations existed in currents that surged toward a collective body of water. Washington and DuBois's positions on the collaboration amongst the races had extreme variations due to their...
W.E.B. DuBois attempted to tell African Americans what they should learn throughout schooling. He thought academics were of the utmost importance in order for African Americans to exist socially in society. Through academic schooling, he thought that 10 percent of the African American society would succeed and move on to become doctors, lawyers, politicians, etc.; they were called “the talented ten.” The subject material that would advance their learning would consist of the “trivium” and the “quadrivium.” The...
Just because the color of one’s race should not exemplify disgrace .W.E.B Dubois was born on february 23,1868 in Great Barrington,Massachusetts.1885 Dubois moved to Nashville tennessee and Attended Fisk University .Dubois encountered the Jim Crow laws.That was the 1st time he experienced racism against African Americans,That made him Want to study the troubles of African Americans. 1895 Dubois became the 1st African American to earn a p.h.d degree from Harvard University. 1905 Dubois was a founder and general secretary of the Niagara movement an African American protest group of scholars and professionals.1945 Dubois wrote the famous”An appeal to the world “ He
Education is an ideological mechanism African-Americans used to enhance their social standing in the United States soon after liberation. During the period of W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington, the sort of education explored by African- Americans was the focus of intense discussion. Washington was an enthusiastic supporter of industrial/vocational education while DuBois supported both higher and industrial education, but greatly emphasized on the higher education (Ogbu 23). A lot of people in the Black society accepted DuBois’s stand on higher education remained the better proposal because it was thought to uplift the community. They thought that Washington’s approach was inefficient and left the whole race exposed to violation by White Americans.
Dubois makes a strong case that people won’t say out loud exactly how they feel, He shows this by not having any of the white people express their opinions of black people to the black man, other than when it was provoked. Dubois uses the extreme solution to shock the reader and the white people by proposing his solution to the problem. The impact this solution has on the perception of the problem is shown at the end of the essay when the old lady walks back to her cabin crying, this implies that she has been affected by the colored man solution. Although written in 1912, Dubois’ argument that he presents in the essay still holds relevance in parts of the world
Du Bois wrote the Souls of Black Folks in 1903. The book exposed the material causes of racism at the time and explained the effects on black identity. Du Bois wanted to show his readers the strange meaning of being black. He believed at the dawn of the 20th Century that the laws and the society that had prevented blacks from achieving equality in a post-slavery era would continue to pose a problem for black identity. Du Bois argued that this relationship was essentially one of domination, exploitation and “narrow opportunity” for the development and progress of people of color. Sadly it was the color line that maintained the best jobs in the country for white people while denying jobs for people of