Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Violence in sports cases
Introduction to violence in sports
Violence in sports cases
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Violence in sports cases
Violence Among Football Fans
Hypothesis
There is a large amount of violence amongst football fans. I want to
find out the reasons for this, and see what people's attitudes to the
people committing the violence, I think that some of the reasons for
the violence could be:
· Drink
· Big matches
· Big events
· gender and ethnicity
· age
· social class/background
· media coverage
· level of competition
I think that the majority of people will think that football hooligans
are the stereotypical young working class yobs, motivated by drink.
Introduction
In my coursework I am researching football hooliganism,
and the amount of football violence over the years. I am going to try
and find out what the reasons for this are, and people's stereotypical
views of the people committing the violence, and I want to find out if
football hooliganism has increased or decreased. I am also trying to
find out if the stereotypical views are reality, or if the media
portrayal is just to influence people, and make them dislike certain
social groups and classes. I want to find out if violence is increased
by drinking alcohol, big matches, result, people's social
class/background, level of competition, media coverage etc.
In the media football violence has been portrayed as white, working
class males, this is a stereotype supported by several academic
studies e.g. Dunning 1988, Trivizas 1980 etc. Trivizas study also
found that contrary to the stereotype of football hooligans as working
class youths, the majority were actually adults (Trivizas, 1980,
p.285).
My aims are to try and find out p...
... middle of paper ...
...very representative.
I found my questionnaire very useful, and it has produced a big
majority of my project, and I am happy with the results I have gained
from it.
If I were to do this coursework again, I would try and get a more even
range of male and female, and different age groups. If I did this
project again, and if I had enough time, I might have considered doing
some interviews, and possibly an observation. I think these would be
better, because if I did an interview, I might be able to find out
more than I did with my questionnaire, and this would also resolve the
problem of people not understanding the question.
If I did an observation I think this would be useful because I would
bond as a group with people, and understand how the hooligans work,
and their motives behind why they commit the violence.
All of the above sounds good to me; however I have written a term paper
In the book entitled Out of Their League, David Meggyesy describes his life as a football player from high school through his days with the St. Louis Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). Born in 1941, Meggyesy was raised in a low-income household in Solon, Ohio. Like many athletes from impoverished backgrounds, he was able to use the game of football to better himself though both a full scholarship to Syracuse University and financial stability with the Cardinals. During his career, however, Meggyesy became increasingly disillusioned with the game of football and how its athletes were subject to tremendous physical and psychological turmoil from those in power—namely the coaches and the NFL team owners. He began to see the game of football from a conflict theorist point of view. This is the belief that sport is an opiate used to benefit those in power through the exploitation of athletes which enables those such as coaches and team owners to maintain their power and privilege in society. (Coakley, 1998) Meggyesy's growing disenchantment with football and adoption of a conflict theorist point of view led him to retire from the Cardinals in 1969.
March 8th, 2004 was supposed to be nothing more than a competitive and action packed regular season hockey game between feuding rivals, the Colorado Avalanche and the Vancouver Canucks. The game slipped away from the Canucks, with the Avalanche up 6-2 heading into the third period. The heated contested already had its fair share of fighting majors, but an incident that happened late in the third period shocked the more than 18,000 fans in attendance at Rogers Arena, the hockey community, and North America. After failing to instigate a fight with Avalanche forward Steve Moore, Todd Bertuzzi of the Vancouver Canucks grabbed the back of Moore’s jersey, landed a vicious punch to the back of Moore’s head, before slamming him face first on the ice and falling on top of him. Moore had to be helped off the ice on a stretcher, and has never returned to the NHL. Bertuzzi, on the other hand, was suspended for 20 games by NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman, and is still playing in the NHL for the Detroit Red Wings. This is one of many examples of deviance in sports, and how a win-at-all costs mentality can drive athletes to act in extreme manners. As a result of the growing commercialization of sports, athletes are socialized at young ages to believe that winning is everything, and that stopping at nothing will help you succeed. Athletes will do almost anything to gain the upper hand in their respective sports, whether it is through engaging in excessive on-field violence or through the use of performance enhancing drugs, excessively committing themselves to their sport, or by violating league rules and policies. In sports, deviance is viewed in a different light than in the outside world. As professional athletes strive towards conforming to spor...
Aggression, violence, and victimization are remarkably dynamic terms. How these terms are understood and defined is shaped by formal and informal social policies and controls (Goldstein, 1986). Excluding assertiveness from the definition of aggression as it relates to violence, aggression can be considered to encompass behaviors intended to cause physical or psychological harm. Violence may be understood as an extreme form of aggression, in which the intent of the perpetrator is to cause serious harm (Berkowitz, 1993). Anthropological research on various non-western cultures demonstrates that aggression and violence are not necessarily inevitable, nor are they universal (Goldstein, 1986). Like words and manners, as Elias points out, the concepts transform over time, and vary across and within cultures (Fletcher, 1997).
Popular Culture and Violent Behavior Introduction In 1871 E.B. Taylor defined culture as 'that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and many other capabilities and habits acquired by... [members] of society. '[1] Taylor was talking about 'high' culture, an aristocratic view of the past-times such as ballet, theatre and art. Popular culture, on the other hand, is a form of 'low' culture and is based primarily on marketing, mass production and revenue.
Participating in a sport at an early age can be essential to the overall growth process during a child’s upbringing. Whether the participation is through some sort of organized league or just getting together amongst friends and playing, the lessons learned from this can help teach these kids and provide a positive message to them as they develop. There is a certain point, however, when organized sports can hinder progress, which is when adults get too involved and forget about the underlying reason to why they are helping. While adult involvement is necessary, adult involvement can sometimes send the wrong message to children when they try to make participation become more than just about fun and learning. According to Coakley (2009), “organized sports are worth the effort put forth by adults, as long as they do what is in the best interest of their children and put that thought ahead of their own agenda” (Coakley, p. 151). This is a valid argument because once adults put themselves in front of the children and their values, it needs to be re-evaluated as to why they first got involved in the beginning. Partaking in organized sport and activity from a young age can be beneficial to the overall development of children, as long as decisions actions are made in the best interest of the children and not stemming from ulterior motives of adults.
When Indiana Pacer, Ron Artest, charged into the stands with forty-five seconds remaining in a NBA game, last November, between the Pacers and the Detroit Pistons, the shock waves reverberated immediately. Video clips showed Artest pummeling Pistons fans with his fists. Replays also revealed that it was fans, throwing a cup of beer at Artest, which sent the NBA superstar on his rampage. It was one of the ugliest incidents ever seen in American professional sports. Sports fans and non-sports fans alike witnessed the chaotic outbreak of violence from the serenity of their own living rooms. NBA junkies saw the scene unfold during the game's live broadcast on cable TV. Sports fans caught highlights of the melee on ESPN's SportsCenter. American housewives experienced the outrage as they watched their local ten o'clock evening news. For weeks this basketball brawl was not only headlines news on sports pages but it also became the focus of mainstream American debate. Everyone had an opinion on who was to blame: It was the players' who began the brawl on the court and then took it into the stands. It was the fans who provoked multimillionaire athletes into anger by throwing debris down on them. It was the Palace at Auburn Hills' security who failed to bring the situation under control. It was the NBA for encouraging such thuggish behavior from its players and then allowing their violence to take place on live TV. Opinion makers from all perspectives weighed in on the issue. Newspaper columnists and TV talking heads kept the brawl in the national spotlight. Some condemned the incident; some excused it, and some just wondered what all the fuss was over. In the end five Pacers players and seven Pistons fans were charged...
Everyone agrees that parent involvement is a good thing. But when the parent behaves inappropriately, it creates a poor environment for the children to learn and enjoy themselves. "Sideline rage" with parents behaving badly at youth sports events is such an epidemic, that 76% of respondents from 60 high school athletic associations said increased spectator interference is causing many officials to quit (Associated Press, 6/3/01). Parents are supposed to be role models, and the lessons they teach will determine their values and actions in the future. These days violence in children's sports is not limited to the playing field; overbearing parents are creating dangerous situations on the field.
As an American traditional sport, football appears to be a dangerous influence upon the youth causing physical and mental restraints. In today’s society, preventative measures no longer seem to be a priority, focusing more on players and their MVP status. What worries people are possible head concussions affiliated with football itself and strategies to overcome this burden might excel by educating high school students on safety measures and forcing a regulatory guideline on students who have suffered head injuries. As serious as it sounds, concussions are not only severe to players, but can also cause long term effects.
Today, the United States is considered to be one of the most diverse countries in the world with regards to its citizens being of a different race and ethnic background other than white, but sadly this was not always the case. During the post-emancipation era, also known as the period of “redemption” for southern whites, was a time of great racial violence and hate from most white individuals, typically farm and plantation owners, towards the newly freed slaves emancipated after the civil war, which of whom were predominantly black. Right before the civil war, society was separated into two racial hierarchies: white, and black. If an individual was of any color other than white they were labeled as a slave and considered someone’s, referring to white slave owners, property. After the civil war America’s social lifestyle and overall government changed dramatically due to the emancipation of slaves in the south. When African Americans were emancipated the idea and concept that was once accepted, any individual other than white is considered to be insubordinate and a slave, was now abolished and considered inhumane. This caused a major disruption within society because former slave owners lost huge amounts of manpower that use to work and generate profit by making enslaved individuals farm their land. As a result, once wealthy farmers and plantation owners became the poorest of poor with no one to work their fields and no money to even hire anyone because of post-war fees that needed to be paid. With that being said, African Americans are considered now to be citizens of the United States but sadly were not treated equally by their white peers till the Civil Rights Act (1964); and from the time of reconstruction through the period of...
In modern times, racism seems to be found in all walks of life, it can be seen in the work place, schools, on the street, etc. It is also in clear evidence in sport, something that people should be able to participate in for enjoyment and friendship, not abuse.
Football or Soccer is a sport which is played worldwide and is very popular in all ages of people and everyone regardless of their cultural backgrounds. It is controlled by an International body known as FIFA. My topic is Racism in football which is a very popular and important cause in today's date. All of the associations around the world which control football and everything related to it are introducing the best strategies that they can to get rid of racism from this beautiful game. My research is going to address about the level, effects, reasons and information and incidents which the victims had to face due to this discrimination that they had to deal with. Racism is not something new in football, it has been there in the sport since a really long time and initiatives taken to resolve this problem have
“Football Factory” is a raw and powerful novel by John King depicting football hooliganism in Britain. The center character is Tom Johnson; he in his late twenties, and a white Anglo-Saxon working class male. He is a hooligan who supports Chelsea, the South London football club. For the protagonist, Tom Johnson, and others like him, Chelsea football matches, both home and away, provided the opportunity to vent their pent-up rage and fight ‘wars’ against what they view as a repressive society in Britain. In their minds, this repressive society is represented by the police, politicians, the press, armchair fans, the middle class, intellectuals, communists, women, and in terms of football related violence, opposing firms or fans. The hooligans refer to almost everyone as the “the scum of the earth" (King, 31). The book gives detailed information about brutal fights and violence. The novel does not follow a classic narrative structure. There is no character development and no attempts at redemption. “Football Factory” is not really driven by plot or character development as would be expected in a classical narrative, but uses characters and circumstances to make a statement about society, the welfare state, and poverty. The book also provides an inner look at the class divide from the perspective of working class British society, as well as providing an inside look at hooliganism in general, without prejudice or judgment, which enables the reader to make their own judgments and engage with the frustrations of youth in Britain.
Sport and aggressive behavior, Do sports create aggressive behavior, or simply attract people who are already aggressive? Aggression and sport have gone together as long as sports have been around, be it the players themselves, to the parents, coaches, or spectators, they just seem to be an inseparable part of each other. The term violence is defined as physical assault based on total disregard for the well being of self and others, or the intent to injure another person (2. Coakley). Intimidation usually does not cause physical harm, but often is designed to produce psychological consequences, enabling one person to physically over power or dominate another. These statements as defined by the author, Jay J. Coakley, is what people today have made a must part on sport. Pleasure and participation sports absolutely cannot be grouped with power and performance sports when in relation to aggression. Pleasure sports are simply played for pleasure. Score is usually not kept. The athletes participating are usually on occasion doing it for fun and exercise. A majority of athletes who have been playing sports since they were little, have probably been pounded into their heads that to be successful in sport, you need to be aggressive, and at some times, unnecessary. Also that to get what you want, you have to go at it with all force. Not that this is wrong but, this attitude in today's society has been a major problem factor to the athletes when they get older, to get into trouble with the law. Those long-term effects of so-called discipline, patterns develop these destructive behaviors. (9. Montague) Although some people are still in belief that aggressive behaviors in all forms are grounded into instincts, but they also relate these actions to sports. Their parents played, who were known for their aggressive behavior, so the child feels that they have to live up to that expectation.( 6. Storr) Athletes do have to be aggressive to a point, so that the team can form a strategy to win. There is also a limit to aggression when it turns into violence. People might say that it's not aggression or violence, its just adrenaline pumping. Adrenaline isn't even similar to violence. Aggression, maybe, but nothing that would be harmful to anyone else. This might be a factor to why contact sports are so popular. For example, football, hockey, rugb...
deeper into this assessment then I did the other one in order to find the explanation of the