Chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis are both alterations of cardiovascular function. In this assignment, the differences, similarities, and pathophysiology of both diseases will be addressed. While advance practice nurses might occur patients that has a diagnoses of deep vein thrombus or chronic venous insufficiency, they must have the ability to distinguish these disorders from other possible disorders. By ruling out other disorders, this allows the advanced practice nurse to properly diagnose patients. This assignment will present me with in-depth knowledge on chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis and ways to treat these diseases.
The pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency will be discussed in
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Huether & Mccance (2017) “A thrombus is a blood clot that remains attached to a vessel wall. A detached thrombus is a thromboembolus. Venous thrombi are more common than arterial thrombi because flow and pressure are lower in the veins than the arteries”. Individuals might be asymptomatic with this disease. “Accumulation of clotting factors and platelets leads to thrombus formation in the vein, often near a venous valve. Inflammation around the thrombus promotes further platelets aggregation, and the thrombus propagates or grows proximally” Huether & Mccance (2017). On most occasions there are no clinical signs or symptoms of deep vein thrombus. However, some patients may experience pain, swelling, and redness in the area of the thrombus. “Deep vein thrombosis can develop if you have certain medical conditions that affect how your blood clots. Deep vein thrombosis can also happen if you don't move for a long time, such as after surgery, following an accident, or when you are confined to a hospital or nursing home bed” Mayo Clinic (2014).There are several factors that put individuals at high risk for deep vein thrombosis such as immobility, age, and congestive heart failure, trauma, pregnancy, inherited disorders, and hormone replacement therapy. No necessary treatment may be required to treat deep vein thrombosis. On the other hand, if the clot doesn’t dissolve on its treatment is required to prevent part of the clot traveling to patient’s lungs or other parts of the patient’s body. The D-dimer test and a Doppler exam is performed to adequately diagnose a patient. Anticoagulants are the treatment of choice for individuals that require
Although we haven't covered these systems in detail yet, which of the following systems would involve gas exchange of CO2 and O2?
Symptoms and Causes Thrombocytopenia leads to excessive or unexplained bruising, nose bleeds, and severe bleeding that does not stop immediately. This can cause internal bleeding and extends to severe brain bleeds.... ... middle of paper ... ... 2. 2-3 Cohen, R., Garcia, C.A., Mena, D., Castellanos, M., Wu, L.T. April 2012 -. “Case Review: Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura.”
In your body there are deep veins and there are superficial veins, a blood clot in the deep veins of the muscles can be dangerous even fatal when a piece of the blood clot breaks off (embolus) travels through the heart into the lungs and becomes lodged. Certain medical conditions that affect blood clotting, sitting for long periods of time, can also cause deep vein thrombosis, other risks include; pregnancy, after a C-section,
Deep vein thrombophlebitis (also known as DVT) is a condition where there is a blood clot in a deep vein, usually occurring in the legs. Hypotension is having abnormally low blood pressure. Hemorrhage is when a large amount of blood occurs due to a ruptured blood vessel. Vasodilation is the relaxation of the blood vessels which decreases blood pressure resulting in low blood pressure. Circulatory collapse is when the arteries and veins in the body stops working together possibly resulting in other illnesses such as organ failure, gangrene, or other
...lood Vessel Stents.” 1-3). Bypass surgery is another option; a blood vessel from somewhere in the body is used to go around the blocked artery. This completely bypasses the blocked artery, so it no longer becomes an issue. Thrombolytic therapy is a method that involves injecting a medication into the artery that will dissolve the clot and allow blood to pass freely through the artery (“Peripheral Artery Disease.” 3).
Within the intensive care population, the use of prophylactic treatment is used to prevent the risk of venous thrombosis. These patients in particular are at a greater risk for developing thromboembolism due to heightened immobility. The increased risk of venous thrombosis occurs in this population due to the use of mechanical ventilation, sedation and paralytics (Cook & Crowther, 2010). Venous thrombosis can significantly increase the risk of a patient developing a pulmonary embolism. Additionally, it can create long term impacts such as post-thrombotic syndrome. This syndrome occurs twenty to fifty percent after the development of the thrombosis. This can have momentous impacts on individual’s ability
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the development of a blood coagulation in a vein deep under the skin. The most widely recognized locales of profound vein clumps are the lower leg and thigh. They can likewise happen in the pelvis and arm. Reasons for a thrombus (blood clot) incorporate moderate blood stream, a harm to the coating of a vein, or having blood with an expanded propensity to cluster. Restricted development can bring about moderate blood stream, which builds the danger of DVT (Snow V, 2007). Constrained activity can happen with delayed bed rest after surgery or because of disease. Some other common names to DVT are: blood clot in the leg, Thrombophlebitis, Venous thrombosis, and Venous thromboembolism; this term is used for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (Snow V, 2007).
The American Heart Association and American college of Cardiology guidelines suggest thrombolysis only in hemodynamically stable patients with non-obstructive PVT (5) while The American College of Chest Physicians recommends thrombolysis as first line therapy for thrombi < 0.8cm2 (8). Due to the nature of the prosthesis type and thrombus, the size of the thrombusmass could not be measured in our
The coagulation studies show the clotting abilities of the blood and the amount of time it takes for the blood to clot. It is important for the blood to clot in order to prevent blood loss. However, if the factors tested by the coagulation test are not within the normal ranges, the patient is at risk for excessive bleeding or even unwanted blood clots in the body. The coagulation test is also done with patients who are on anticoagulant therapies. The results are used to adjust the doses, and the normal ranges are adjusted to reflect the fact that an anticoagulant is in use to prevent unnecessary blood clots, such as those that cause deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The patient however was not on any anticoagulant medication therapies. The test was repeated after surgery in order to make sure no therapy was needed to prevent future clots from
The blood that moves through the embryo is in reality more entangled than after the child is conceived (ordinary heart). This is on the grounds that the mother (the placenta) is taking every necessary step that the child's lungs will do after birth.
The area that is not receiving enough blood is literally crying out for help. When a person complains of any of the symptoms mentioned, they should be transported ...
To slow the rate at which blood clots in a patient, a doctor may or may not administer a course of anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulant therapy is a course of drugs taken by the patient, who might have one or more cardiovascular diseases, to prevent clots from forming. The most common use for anticoagulants is atrial fibrillation, an irregular heart rhythm [7]. They’re also administered for patients who have mechanical heart valves or patients who have blood clots [7]. There are many types of anticoagulants used, most commonly administered was Warfarin (Coumadin) [5]. However, due to recent advances in medicine many new anticoagulants have surfaced such as Apixaban, Dabigatran, Edoxaban, Rivaroxaban and many others [4]. Practitioners have more
When a nurse is taking care of a patient with a pulmonary embolism or pulmonary edema, there is a very good chance that they are assisting an elderly patient. It is difficult however to determine the severity of these problems in some cases. If a patient is experiencing a pulmonary embolism, and are elderly, then they may not present with common symptoms (Sen et al., 2010). Elderly patients will tend to present with an increased heart rate, while chest pain may not be present (Sen et al., 2010). There may also be a case where in an elderly patient, they may present with delusions or confusion (Soysal & Isik, 2014). This type of presentation may not appear in a younger patient. Depending on the situation, there is the potential for thrombolytic
I’ve learned to be resilient after multiple trials and tribulations, but there is one thing that sets me apart from many other individuals. About a month after I turned thirteen I lost consciousness in the mall with my family. After an extended hospital stay, several transfers and three blood transfusions I found out that I suffer from a bleeding disorder.
I am with my patients through each phase of their treatment, implementing a hands-on approach that ranges from helping dress wounds to diligent follow-up even after patients are no longer under my care. One person, in particular, showed me the value of compassionate, in-depth care. I encountered a 50-year-old man who ran about 5 miles a day suddenly develop shortness of breath after 4 miles. After a detailed history and investigations, he was diagnosed with DVT. I asked myself what can cause a clot to form in a relatively healthy patient? Due to this peculiar presentation, we investigated further with CT chest and discovered multiple PE and a mass later diagnosed as lung cancer. This case represents how important it is to explore the underlying cause of the presenting symptom and not just put a band-aid over the problem. With this patient, we uncovered an underlying hypercoagulable state secondary to cancer and leading to PE and DVT in an otherwise healthy looking