Methods
The methods of both studies used in the purpose of this research are very similar. They both use databases to gather appropriate information on the patients being researched.
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Focused Research Article
This study collected data on all patients who underwent a Laparoscopically assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy (LARVH) between 1996 and 2003 at the Northern Gynecological Oncology Centre (NGOC) located in Gateshead UK. The patients were identified and matched with a control group of patient that underwent a radical abdominal hysterectomy with the same surgeons during the same time period. Controls were matched for the following variables: tolerance, age (+,- 5 years), histological subtype, node positivity,
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This database collects information from over 500 acute-care hospitals throughout the United States. The analysis included women that underwent a hysterectomy in the time between January 1, 2006 and March 2010. The patients were placed in three groups based on the type of hysterectomy performed. The three types included abdominal, laparoscopic, or robotic. Patient characteristics that were analyzed included age at surgery, race (white, black, or other), marital status (married, single, or unknown), and insurance status (Medicare, Medicaid, commercial, self-pay, and unknown). The outcomes studied were perioperative morbidity, mortality, transfusion, and resource utilization. Perioperative morbidity was classified into categories being: intraoperative complications, surgical site complications, and medical complications. A composite score of overall morbidity was determined from these categories of complications. Resource utilization was determined from a log of all items that were billed to the patient including drugs, laboratory testing, and therapeutic services. All outcome characteristics were directly compared for all three types of hysterectomies studied (Wright et al., …show more content…
According to Zhang, cervical cancer remains the third most common form of cancer in women despite the adopted screening programs (Zhang et al., 2016). The Encyclopedia Britannica mentions that in some developing countries, cervical cancer is more prevalent in women than breast cancer (“Cervical Cancer”, 2015). Knowing that this malignancy is very common, it is important to evaluate the treatments available. A hysterectomy surgery is an effective treatment for most cases of cervical cancer (“Cervical Cancer”, 2015). The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists define a hysterectomy as “surgery to remove the uterus, removing the uterus means that you can no longer become pregnant” (“Hysterectomy”, 2015). The two types of hysterectomies that will be compared in this research are the laparoscopic and abdominal approaches. These surgeries are important for patient with cervical cancer to remove and stop the spreading of accumulated cancer cells within the cervix. The Laparoscopic hysterectomy focused article is titled Laparoscopically assisted radical hysterectomy vs. radical abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer: a match controlled study. The article focused on abdominal hysterectomies is titled Comparative effectiveness of minimally invasive and abdominal radical hysterectomy for cervical
...servational Studies: a review of study designs, challenges and strategies to reduce confounding, International Journal of Clinical Practice, 63, issue 5 :691-697, Online available at Wiley Interscience, accessed on 12.11.09
Identify the hypothesis (testable question) that the study was trying to answer and describe the methods of research used in each study.
Regulate the clinical data by enforcing stringent data management practices and mitigate the deviation in data collection and recording. The study protocol will define the source of data collection with Case Report Forms (CRFs), method of storage paper/ electronic and information retained for data archiving. Each subject will be identified with unique ID and Subject Identification Log will be maintained separately from trail analysis documents. The DMS prevents unblinding of specific documents, which protect the privacy and confidentiality of the subject, unless required by the study protocol. Identifiable documents and records will be maintained in accordance with the data retention period as specified in the protocol and the requirement of the regulations and IRB. Any update or changes implemented will be recorded in the revision history of the respective documents. The clinical trial team will be trained on clinical documentation and
What is radical surgery's role in eradicating breast cancer? Radical surgery is the extirpation of an area of the body that is locally ridden with disease. Typically, it is an extremely risky surgery and was once thought to be the solution to every type of cancer, excluding brain cancer. Today, this type of surgery most often deals with various different types of local cancer. In the case of breast cancer, radical surgery is used to remove all cancerous cells from the breasts. The name primarily associated with this bold, medical advancement would be Dr. William Stewart Halsted. Although Halsted did not invent the concept of radical surgery, he did perfect it and bring it to its extreme. Dr. Halsted paved the way for today's breast cancer treatment, and modifications of his courageous surgeries are still performed today. Without his risky radical mastectomy, the world would be a lot farther behind in the hunt for a cure for breast cancer.
It is essential that when using evidence-based practice guidelines to choose a treatment, that variety of research methods are applied so that the best relevant data can be produced. Such methods include qualitative/quantitative research, randomised controlled trials and systematic reviews. Both qualitative and quantative methods produce valuable data. Quantative research produces numeric evidence that is necessary for practice and can be measured and qualitative research produces descriptive data about the subject by using patients views etc. which can also be applied to clinical practice (Broeder et al, 2010)
Gynaecological surgery refers to surgery performed on the female reproductive system For the purpose of this essay, I am going to discuss the role of the midwife in the care and management of a woman who has undergone a hysterectomy. Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus (Oxford Dictionary of Nursing, 2014). It is major gynaecological surgery and the immediate post operative period is a very important time for recovery. As with every surgery, there are the associated risks attached. According to O'Connor et al, 2004, there is a 2% risk of infection, haemorrhage 0.5% and mortality 6-11 per 1000 regardless of which surgical method is used for the hysterectomy. Therefore, I am going to use relevant literature and guidelines to discuss
The term “safety comes first” or more simply put, “safety first,” is a message that patients not only want to hear, but also want to know is the focus of the professionals that are caring for them; in particular, when they are under anesthesia and have limited or no ability to speak up or lookout for themselves. The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) has implemented two initiatives; Rocognising and Responding Appropriately to Early Signs of Deterioration in Hospitalised Patients (NPSA, 2007) and How to Guide: Five Steps to Safer Surgery (NPSA, 2010). Understanding that human beings make up the healthcare professional workforce, it is evident that tools and checklist can and will only be as good as the how people utilize and follow them. Thus, these initiatives “have been developed with consideration of human factors” (Beaumont & Russell, 2012). I know firsthand, that if my healthcare team would have followed these standards, I would have avoided torture, fear, and long term side effects from a routine hysterectomy procedure.
To start of with, the news article is very clear that uterus transplants are still experimental in the United States (Grady). Taking this into consideration it is understandable why many don’t want uterus transplants being performed. A lot of the risks and long-term effects this surgery can have are unknown. The United States has a tendency to be afraid of the unknown. It is ironic because experimenting is what has advanced both science and medicine. As previously mentioned this surgery has been
Describe the differences in the results between the groups in the study and support your description with examples from the study
In our day today life everybody is having a problem to lead their life. Compare to men, women are having so many problem to life survive life, health wise also they are more prone to get certain conditions such as cancer breast, cervix and uterus. For cancer cervix the best painless, easiest and simplest test is Pap smear. It is nothing but the papanicolao (pap) smear. Every woman must go do Pap smear test, after marriage and at yearly once.
future career, that is to be an obstetrician, also known as an OB/GYN. Some of the topics that will be discussed in my paper are those pertaining to exactly what an obstetrician is and the requirements that are needed in order to become an obstetrition. These requirements will include the pyhsical and phsyschological personality traits of a potential obstetrician. The type of schooling that is nessecary, including the preperation that is available at Middlesex County College, and the average number of years that it takes in order to become an obstetrician. The demand for obstetricians will also be researched, along with the different promotional ranks that are available. Starting salaries, as well as potential salaries will be explained. The reasons as to why a career in obstetrics appeals to me and the other possible career choices that I may decide to persuade in the future.
Uterine cancer is an important women health problem developing rapidly, killing over 200,000 women each year. No one has discovered the actual cause, but there is a leading factor that has great suspicions to what is causing this cancer to grow rapidly.
An obstetrician is one thing, and a gynecologist is another. The job is combined together, but the two branches can be worked separately. An obstetrician is a physician who focuses and is trained in the management of pregnancy, labor, and pueperium (the period following childbirth). A physician who has specialized and trained in the health of the female reproductive system is a gynecologist. The reason the jobs are combined is because they’re both all about women. Obstetricians and Gynecologists are physicians who provide general medical care to women. They equip medical care associated with pregnancy or childbirth, and they diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases, especially those affecting the female
As Lauren Dyrda states, “The company announced last year that 118 patients had more than 590 screws implanted at the University Medical Center Mainz in Germany with 99 percent accuracy” (Dyrda). According to Dyrda robotic surgeons have placed screws more accurately than non-robotic surgeons. This proves that robotic surgery is more accurate than a human being doing the procedure with their own hands. The average cost of robotic surgery is anywhere between seven thousand and nine thousand dollars. Shirley DeWinter states, “I had to reserve the operating room for four hours” (DeWinter). The time of robotic surgery is even longer than a hand operation which makes the cost of the surgery rise. As the reporter states, “A recent study in a major medical journal found that the robotic surgery did not reduce complication rates for hysterectomy, though it did add over two thousand more dollars to the cost of the surgery” (Robotic Surgeries on the Rise). By using a robot for the surgical procedure it causes the cost of surgery to rise drastically. Therefore, this causes a limited amount of patients to be able to receive robotic surgery due to financial limitations. One thing that you need to consider is if your insurance company will cover for some of the surgeries. Robotic surgery costs a lot more than a regular
METHODOLOGY This section provides details of study design . It describes study design , preparation for study , study method , statistical analysis , confidentiality and ethical considerations . STUDY DESIGN : . It was an exploratory study based on service evaluation . It involved retrospective review of clinical records of a cohort of subjects admitted to an approved premise over a period one year .