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For many years, cults have been a subject of great controversy. A cult is a group of people that are bound together by an appreciation of the same thing, person, ideal, etc. Usually these groups keep close because of religious reasons, but their beliefs are almost always considered strange by outsiders. Cults are similar to clans or congregations, but are usually referred to as sects.
There are many different categories that a cult could be sorted into. Apocalyptic, Utopian, Spiritualistic, Satanic, and Witchcraft/Voodoo cults are just some of the more basic types. While an Apocalyptic cult would focus on the end of the world, a Utopian cult would center more on a perfect land, or in other words a heaven on Earth. Spiritualistic cults often obsess on the Bible’s teachings while Satanic, worshiping the devil, do the exact opposite. Finally, a Witchcraft or Voodoo cult would direct all of their attention to sacred rituals and ceremonies of that nature.
Several reasons that people join cults are that they are seeking God, looking for eternal life, avoiding hell, or just to fit in. They usually do so during epidemics, wars, financial ruin, the end of a relationship, or the failure to achieve a goal. Cults have been a controversial subject for centuries. Critics argue that cults are dangerous and should be stopped while Christian leaders claim that cult members are putting their souls in danger by refusing to embrace Christianity. While many think that cults are very hazardous organizations, clan members themselves declare that they are harmless. They also say that they are being denied their constitutional right in not being able to worship as they please.
Utopian cults, as mentioned before, are groups of people searching for per...
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...on November 18, 1978, 912 corpses were found. It has been 31 years since this tragedy occurred and today, the Peoples Temple is known to be the most recognized cult of all time. The People’s Temple was one of many lethal cults along with Branch Davidians which was led by David Koresh and Heaven’s Gate proving that many cults are hazardous. Cults will always be a very controversial subject.
Works Cited
Streissguth, Thomas. Charismatic Cult Leaders. Minneapolis: The Oliver Press, Incorporated, 1995.
Zeinert, Karen. Cults. Springfield: Enslow Publishers, 1997.
Dolan, Sean. Everything You Need to Know About Cults. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 2000.
Cult. March 8, 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult
Jim Jones. March 8, 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Jones
Top Ten Crazy Cults. 2010.
http://www.livescience.com/strangenews/top-10-crazy-cults-1.html
The cult was mainly composed of men and women both. All members had crew cuts and were between the ages of 26 and 72. Although many members lived together in a mansion in California, they came from all parts of the country. Many were from California, but members also came from Arizona, Colorado, Texas, Florida, New Mexico, Minnesota, Utah, Ohio, and Florida. There were approximatly 39 members who lived in the 1.3 million dollar Rancho Santa Fe mansion. They operated a web site for their cult called “Higher Source”.
Sabina Magliocco, in her book Witching Culture, takes her readers into the culture of the Neo-Pagan cults in America and focus upon what it reveals about identity and belief in 21st century America. Through her careful employment of ethnographic techniques, Magliocco allows both the Neo-Pagan cult to be represented accurately, and likewise, scientifically. I argue that Magliocco's ethnographic approach is the correct way to go about this type of research involving religions.
A cult society is an organization that basically disguises itself as a religion. In a cult, they normally perform rituals. There are usually many people in these societies. In Jim Jones’s cult, there were at least one thousand people in this community.
Cults Each year, hundreds of North Americans join one of the increasing, estimated 3000 unorthodox religions that exist across North America. The increasing number of cults, to date in North America, is due to the fact that cults are a social movement that attempts to help people cope with their perceived problems with social interaction. Cult recruiters target those who perceive themselves as different from the rest of society, and give these individuals the sense of belonging that they crave. Cult literature lures potential cult members by appealing to their desperate need to socially fit in. Cults provide a controlled family environment that appeals to potential cult members because it is a removal from the exterior society.
The church of Scientology has been the subject of controversy since its inception. Its methods and beliefs have attracted the attention of scholars from around the world. The church has been under government investigation and has endured a countless amount of lawsuits (Reitman 14). It is also a hot topic by the media with several endorsements by some of the most recognized Hollywood celebrities. However, the main topic of debate regarding the Church of Scientology is its status as a religion. Some members claim that the church has helped them overcome their struggles and that they are happier people, while others condemn it as a dangerous cult (Sweeney). The church of Scientology is a religious group whose purpose is to retain their members with the promise of spiritual enlightenment. Its controversial history, beliefs, and practices reveal the church’s commitment to keep its members.
The sociological studies on cults and those who join them have found “that many of the converts are young people, often without strong family ties, who are unsuccessful in dealing with life’s problems and are seeking instant solutions supplied by others” (U.S. News and World Report 23).
Smith, Huston. World’s Religions: A Guide to our Wisdom Traditions. San Francisco: Harper Collins, 1994.
Lifton, R., foreword, Cults In Our Midst, by Margaret Thaler Singer & Lalich (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1995).
This paper will be examining The ‘Heaven’s Gate’ cult in relation to the topic of collective behaviour. The ‘Heaven’s Gate’ was a cult led by Marshall Applewhite, “who claimed to be the reincarnation of Jesus and a higher alien life form” (Locher, 2002, pp. 88). Applewhite and the wider group believed that a spaceship was going to take them to heaven (‘The Next Level’), and the only way to access this spaceship was to commit suicide (Locher, 2002, p. 88). A cult is defined as a group with an excessive commitment to a particular belief, in which rituals and socialisation are used by the leader to commit members to the ideology, which is in the best interests of the leader (Jenkinson, 2008).
Scientology was founded in 1952 by L. Ron Hubbard. The Church of Scientology has been known to use manipulations such as isolation and lawsuit to keep members in line. Many consider the Church of Scientology to be a church and not a cult because it is recognized by the IRS, but numerous countries refuse to recognize it as a church including, the United Kingdom, Greece, Canada, Germany, and France. Reverend Sun Myung Moon founded the Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity in 1954. After 7 years in the church his followers were told they could choose their marriage partners and he became famous for his mass marriage ceremonies. In 1970s, Moon renamed the cult the Unification Church and relocated it to New York City. The cult still exists even though Moon died in 2010.
For any new group that is form, the question will be asked: Is it a cult or is it a religion? Both groups give members a certain measure of security and belonging. They both attract people with common interests. Yet the strength of their power over individuals is clearly what sets them apart. As said by sociologist Benjamin Zablocki, “People affiliate with religion, but people become addicted to cults” (Goode).
Hopfe, L. M., & Woodward, M. R. (2007). Religions of the World (10th ed.) New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Although most of the practices and elements common to cults are legal, they are, at best, suspect. The following should constitute the line of telerance society should not cross. Firstly, what distinguishes cults from religions is the manner in which they operate. Cults are designed with a view to insulating the individual from the rest of society. Once a member of a cult, in most cases, the individual is removed from most (if not all) of their personal autonomy.
Organ, Troy Wilson. Eerdmans' Handbook to The World Religions. Woodbury, NY: Barron's Educational Series, 1974. Print.
Power and abuse go hand in hand. This is shown throughout history in leaders who have a large or small following. When this statement is made, many people automatically think of dictators, such as Hitler or Kim Jong Un. However, leaders such as doctors, teachers, and even presidents use and abuse their power over their followers. One group of power-abusers people rarely think of, though, are cult leaders. Cult leaders throughout history gain followers in many ways, and their rise to power is almost always tied closely to the abuse of power they exert. By gaining a wider and bigger audience filled with people as wicked as they are, cult leaders can easily get away with abusing their power,