During the past six decades, the human being has been making great strides in science and technology. One of the most developed areas has been the new Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART). How far will you go? How perfect will your baby be? These are some questions that people do these days when they make the decision to have descendants. The determination of having children and pregnancy is a complex process. In these are involved psychological, social, economic, religious, and even legal factors. The goal of this article is to consider the advantages and disadvantages of using the Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART).
Fertility is the ability to reproduce, but even though that nature gave all humans this ability, many times there are natural obstacles that prevent human beings from conceived. It is understood as ART the use of diverse artificial technical procedures to achieve a fertilized egg, with the union of the male gametes (sperm) and female (ovum). That union can occur into the body of the woman (ovarian stimulation, artificial insemination, or intracorporeal fertilization) or outside (extracorporeal fertilization). Artificial or assisted, the fact is that the human being with his talent and scientific development is involved in processes that should be natural, but for some reason cannot be. Technique, science, and human talent are combined for the wisdom of a superior Being, God, and consequently bring identical results to the natural reproduction.
Either by infertility or the fact of not fulfill the conditions Male-Female to conceive a child, the use of ART has been being in the last decades the answer to this problem in all gynecological clinics in the world frequently unregulated and uncontrolled. A s...
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...rce of stress, anxiety and, in some cases, depression, and to have options thanks to technology is a blessing.
Then, using ART or not is a personal decision, taking into account all aspects that it involves. There are advantages for many people that have more value than the disadvantages. Nowadays, society is most morally permissible, and is concerned over personal needs more than the social consequences. Although there is always the preoccupation of the limits of science, but the most common thought is that "it is not an issue for us,” law, religion, and scientists are those who must solve it.
Despite the ethical problems caused by these techniques and from the practical viewpoint, the ability to bring happiness to millions of people unable to have children worth much more than any problem, however it is expected that in the future these techniques progress.
In kilner’s case study “Having a baby the new-fashioned way”, present a story that can be relatable to a lot of families struggling to have a child. This is a dilemma that can be controversial and ethical in own sense. The couple that were discussed in the case study were Betty and Tom. Betty and Tom who are both in their early forties who have struggled to bear children. Dr. Ralph Linstra from Liberty University believes that “Fertility can be taken for granted”. Dr. Ralph talks about how many couples who are marriage may run into an issue of bearing a child and turn to “medical science” to fix the issue. He discusses that “God is author of life and he can open and close the womb”. That in it’s self presents how powerful God.
The addition of a child into a family’s home is a happy occasion. Unfortunately, some families are unable to have a child due to unforeseen problems, and they must pursue other means than natural pregnancy. Some couples adopt and other couples follow a different path; they utilize in vitro fertilization or surrogate motherhood. The process is complicated, unreliable, but ultimately can give the parents the gift of a child they otherwise could not have had. At the same time, as the process becomes more and more advanced and scientists are able to predict the outcome of the technique, the choice of what child is born is placed in the hands of the parents. Instead of waiting to see if the child had the mother’s eyes, the father’s hair or Grandma’s heart problem, the parents and doctors can select the best eggs and the best sperm to create the perfect child. Many see the rise of in vitro fertilization as the second coming of the Eugenics movement of the 19th and early 20th century. A process that is able to bring joy to so many parents is also seen as deciding who is able to reproduce and what child is worthy of birthing.
With the increased rate of integrating In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), there has been a steep inclination within the associated needs of specifications. Observably, the development of babies using scientific measures was initially formulated and specified for developing the diverse range of development associated with the same (Turriziani, 2014). However, these developments are noted to be creating an adverse impact on the natural course of events and subsequently, resulting with an adverse impact on the natural process of the development of babies. The initial integrations within the system of IVF for developing babies have further been initiated with the effective use of science to develop a healthy baby. Hence, the use of such progressions can be argued as not hampering the ethical needs associated with the same. Conversely, the initial progression within the same and the changes in the use of such practices are identified as unethical, as it has been acting as a threat in the natural course of development of embryos and altering the natural course of events, suspected to be imposing significant influence on infant mortality (Turriziani,
The advancement and continued developments of third-party assisted reproductive medical practices has allowed many prospective parents, regardless of their marital status, age, or sexual orientation, to have a new opportunity for genetically or biologically connected children. With these developments come a number of rather complex ethical issues and ongoing discussions regarding assisted reproduction within our society today. These issues include the use of reproductive drugs, gestational services such as surrogacy as well as the rights of those seeking these drugs and services and the responsibilities of the professionals who offer and practice these services.
For many years, infertile couples have had difficulty facing the reality that they can not have children. According to Nidus Information Services Incorporated, 6.2 million women in the United States are infertile. This problem leads to many options. A few options have been used for a long period of time: the couple could adopt a child or keep trying to have a child themselves. For those couples that want to have their own children, there are new options arising. In vetro fertilization is an option that gives couples the chance to have a doctor combine the male's sperm and the woman's eggs in a petri dish and implant them into the woman's womb after the artificial conception. This may result in multiple pregnancies - more than five in some cases. This does not only occur in implantation, however. Many times the patient's doctor will ask her to consider selective reduction: aborting a few fetuses to save the ones she can. In a case of multiple pregnancy, selective reduction should be considered an option.
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is a measure used to treat infertility where both sperm and eggs are handled, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) the most common form has been used since 1981 in the United States. ART may enable individuals who were previously not able to conceive and deliver a child the ability to do so. In 2009 the Suleman Octuplets were born using the IVF technique to a single mother who also had six other children under the same methods. The Suleman Octuplets and their mother, Nadya Suleman, became a focus of interest for many based on the controversy and ethical dilemmas that surrounded their birth.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
What is Artificial Implantation? Artificial Implantation or IUI is a technique used to help treat infertility in both men and women. In this procedure, sperm are inserted directly into a woman's cervix, fallopian tubes, or uterus. By doing this it makes it possible for pregnancy to occur where is was not able to before. Infertility in men can be caused by many factors including having few or no sperm, having too large of veins in the testicials, and other injuries or illnesses to the testicials and sperm. Infertility in women can be caused by heavy alcohol and drug use, smoking, age, environmental toxins, stress, poor diet, athletic training, being overweight, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and many health issues (Women’s). As a result of these factors both men and women in 1981 artificial implantation and other fertility techniques resulted in over 200,000 babies being born that year and the numbers have rapidly grown over the years (Infertility). The technique of Artificial Implantation is discussed according to the diverse moral values of others; furthermore, throughout Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, moral values are also questioned over creating a human from something other than sexual reproduction.
Donor-assisted insemination is a process that enables a woman to conceive a child through the donated sperm/egg of a male or female. Donor insemination is a technique that has been used around the world for fifty eight years. This technique is often used in situations where a man or woman suffer from infertility and are unable to produce children on their own. Donor-insemination is also used to help gay people or single people have children. In these cases, the child grow up to never know their genetic father/mother. The children born from donor- assisted reproduction only have access to basic, non-identifying information such as: race, height, eye-color, etc. This is not enough information to settle the donor-inseminated (DI) children's desire to know about their parents. I personally think the DI children have a natural right to know where they came from. Many DI children say that knowing about their genetic parent is something that they desire more than anything in the world. These children have a right to know about their genetic background, not only for themselves, but for their children as well.
Ricci, Mariella Lombardi. "Assisted Procreation And Its Relationship To Genetics And Eugenics." Human Reproduction & Genetic Ethics 15.1 (2009): 9-29. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Apr. 2014.
Test tube babies have long been stigmatized by society as the unnatural results of scientific dabbling. The words `test tube baby' have been used by school children as an insult, and many adults have seen an artificial means of giving birth as something perhaps only necessary for a lesbian woman, or a luxury item only available to the elite few. The reality is that assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have been helping infertile couples have children since 1978.1 The methods of in vitro fertilization, it's variants, and the other ART procedures are ways for persons that would otherwise have no hope of conception to conceive and, in a rapidly growing percentage of cases, give birth to healthy babies. As the technology has developed, the quality and range of assistance has developed as well. At present, the means of assisted reproduction and the capabilities of these procedures has grown at a somewhat dizzying pace. However, thought to the repercussions of the applications of ART are being disregarded to some extent while the public's knowledge and the understanding of embryologists and geneticists surges forward. It is possible given consideration to things such as the morality of these techniques, the unexplored alternative uses of these procedures, and the potential impact they posses that further development is unnecessary and possibly dangerous.
As a young adult, it may seem foolish to predict what your future family life will look like, especially in regards to children. Often times this reality is forced upon a select few, particularly homosexual couples; however, with the innovation of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a couple is met with promise and the hope of a successful family life. IVF can be described as a process by which a fetus is genetically formed in a laboratory setting. Though this process may seem unnatural in essence, it allows for a more diverse family arrangement through medical innovation. This procedure, though controversial, is seen by many as an advancement in the medical field and can be accredited to procuring a healthy child for an unfortunate family, whether
Can anybody or anything claim to be a god—the supreme entity that governs all moral authority? Since Gregor Mendel first tinkered with plants for genes to the time of great evolutionists like that of Lamarck and Darwin who proposed their individual theories of evolution; there has been much more technological advancement, debate, controversy, and understanding on the “origin” of humans through scientific fields like that of genetics, genetic engineering, etc. There has always been an assumption and belief of a higher power governing the physical world that scientists and metaphysicists cannot answer; however, there has been great insight into how did we come to be? Any practicing religion will tell you, God or gods are the answer to every question. Both sides are quick to defend either their science or their religion from the fundamentalist to the naturalist. In more recent news, in vitro fertilization (the fertilization of an egg cell outside the body) has begun to see an increase in viability as questions about its ethics and morality have become more accepting due to the costs of a procedure being cut down (not covered by the Affordable Care Act), developments in medical and scientific technology through IVF, and subsidiary factors: the advent of “designer babies” and the increasing tolerance of homosexuality—leading to couples to seek out IVF.
middle of paper ... ... Although subject to change in different cultures, the societal norm of placing an ethical code helps us to set the “right” amount of boundaries in areas of knowledge, including the arts and the natural sciences. Like I said before, there are many complications to this as both scientists and artists are put in situations where they must face the fine line between having a scientific/artistic role or ethical role in creating opportunities for knowledge. Works Cited McKie, Robin.
On July 25 in 1978, a baby was born in England to a family who had been attempting to have a child for over nine years. The child, Louis Brown, was conceived as a result of in vitro fertilization. Brown is known to be the “world’s first [successful] test tube baby” and she, along with her family, were thrust under the spotlight of the media and science world alike (“The World’s First Test Tube Baby”). After the fertilization and birth were both successful, in vitro fertilization, or IVF, became a large topic for debate and medical expansion. Since 1978, it is believed that over 5 million babies have been born from in vitro fertilization (“ART Fact Sheet”). In 2012 alone, 61,000 babies were born via IVF, making this procedure extremely popular (Doucleff). Despite the fact that this process has helped many families have children when they normally would never have the opportunity to, in vitro fertilization is a highly controversially topic that has been subject to debate since it first became a fertility option in 1978.