Module 5
Usamah ibn Munquidh is a muslim who was born in 1095 in Syria. He spent his time reading and learning about Quran which it is holy book of Islam. He was fasting and hunting in daytime, but memorizing the Quran in night time. His faith was the most powerful that lead respect for his strength in the battle. When he was little, He live his life in danger but learned to not be afraid. He learned how to write which help us understand the Islamic perspective of the crusades. He wrote about what happened in the battles and crusades who were evil . He also wrote about Muslims and prayed to Allah to help them. He spent his life, believing in Allah and trusting him deeply.
He demonstrated Islamic cultural, if not always military, superiority in his account by showing his strong faith in Islam. Since when he was little, he showed that nothing fear him because God always be there for him. He don’t care if he got killed because he felt that it is right thing to do. He kept reading Quran and believe that God spoken to him indirectly that lead him to have confidence. Even he got a
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He was an Italian poet and moral philosopher who is well-educated. When he was nine years old, he fell in love with Beatrice and believed it is love at first sight. He first spoken to her in nine years. Sadly, she passed away in 1920 so he was upset and kept praising her in his poems. He really miss her deeply. He was exiled from his own city because he opposed to the pope. He wandering in exile until he passed away in 1321. He wrote about geography of hell in The Inferno. For example; Circle one is innocent souls, circle two is lustful, circle three is gluttons, circle four is spendthrifts and misers, circle five is wrathful , circle six is heretics, circle seven is violence, circle eight is fraud, and circle nine is traitors in cocytus. It shows the punishment that fits into the crime and people have free will to choose sin or not to
On the other hand, the Inferno centers on those who turned their back to their “creator” and “source of life” in the fulfilling of earthly desires, and are thus damned for eternity. In between these two extremes is Purgatorio, which deals with the knowledge and teaching of love, as Beatrice and others help outline love for Dante so he can make the climb to paradise and be worthy. For the reader to understand the idea of Dante’s love, one must understand the influence of Aristotle, Plato, and Dante’s “love at first sight” Beatrice in transforming his concept of will and of love in life. In his Divine Comedy, Dante gains salvation through the transformation of his will to love, and hopes that the reader will also take away the knowledge and concept of love he uses to revert to the right path of
All in all, this short selection of Usama’s writings does much to further the understanding of the effects on the crusades on many Muslims during this period, though since this was written by an affluent elite it does not describe much of the general populous’ experience. It also provides a good overview of the interactions between Muslims themselves. This was a time fraught with danger and division but Usama’s work shows that a common thread kept many together and preserved a civilization that still exists to this very day.
In the late 1980’s Muhammad changed his life around. He and his wife had separated, he converted to Islam, and he joined the U.S. Army (Biography, par 4). He later changed his name to Muhammad (Death, par 2). He was stationed in Washington State. There he married Mildred Green. They ended up having three children. Being in the army was good for Muhammad. He served in Germany and the Middle East and was skilled in marksman (Biography, par 4, 5).
Elijah Muhammad, son of a sharecropper, was born into poverty in Sandersville, Georgia, on October 7, 1897 (biography.com). After moving to Detroit in 1923, he met W. D. Fard, founder of the black separatist movement Nation of Islam (biography.com). Muhammad became Fard’s successor from 1934-75 and was known for his controversial preaching (biography.com). Muhammad faced many challenges during his life span. He declared that Fard had been an incarnation of Allah and that he himself was now Allah’s messenger (biography.com). For forty-one year’s Muhammad spread the word of the Nation of Islam, slowly but steadily attracting new members (biography.com). Muhammad built the religion from a small fringe group into a large and complex organization that attracted controversy along with its new prominence (biography.com).
Dante Alighieri created The Divine Comedy around the time he was exiled from Florence Italy. The Divine Comedy is made up to three books that’s called inferno, purgatory and paradise. The inferno tells the story about him entering the nine circles with a fellow poet Vigil. During the journey are many Historical, Social and Cultural Context.
Born in Georgia, the leader of the Nation of Islam was a man named Elijah Muhammad. He has often been portrayed as a saint by his peers, but during World War II, Elijah Muhammad expressed support for Japan, on the basis of its being a nonwhite country, and was jailed for sedition. On August 24, 1946 Muhammad was released from prison in Milan, Michigan. According to the journal named The Black Scholar by Claude Clegg, Muhammad’s time at Milan had done more for him than ever before and after his release, Muhammad had unquestionably become “the premier martyr of the Muslims” (Clegg 49). From his speeches on the radio and in newspapers, Muhammad was also thought of by many people as a fierce man, one of thes...
Malcolm X is one of the unsung heroes; he was a victim of democracy. He is known as an African American speaker, one of the most effective speakers in the 20th century. Many people only know about the national heroes and neglecting local heroes who really suffered of serving & helping their countries. Such heroes had the honest believe in what they are doing and believe in correcting the wrong situations; even if it will lead them to bad consequences. Also, sometimes sacrifices of their life in order to develop their country and make it a better place to live. Malcolm X is one of those heroes, heroes that people don’t know the truth about them, due to the publication efforts in hiding their stories for democratic reasons. Malcolm X was a huge player in the civil rights battle that faced the United States in the 1960’s. Malcolm X was born in Omaha, Nebraska, on May 25, 1925.. He was the second in command in the Nation of Islam. Also, Malcolm established many mosques all over the country. He became open minded after his journey to Mecca and started to accept the whites. Before that, he had some racism in his way of thinking and what people don’t know that he changed after his journey to Mecca. My paper will show who he was affected by Elijah Mohammad, his journey to Mecca and how it changed his personality especially in the racism side and what he gained from reaching the true Islam, which changed his thinking in many ways.
“If you would not be forgotten as soon as you are dead and rotten, either write things worth reading or do things worth writing.” This maxim applies to the poet Dante Alighieri, writer of The Inferno in the 1300s, because it asserts the need to establish oneself as a contributor to society. Indeed, Dante’s work contributes much to Renaissance Italy as his work is the first of its scope and size to be written in the vernacular. Due to its readability and availability, The Inferno is a nationalistic symbol. With this widespread availability also comes a certain social responsibility; even though Dante’s audience would have been familiar with the religious dogma, he assumes the didactic role of illustrating his own version of Christian justice and emphasizes the need for a personal understanding of divine wisdom and contrapasso, the idea of the perfect punishment for the crime. Dante acts as both author and narrator, completing a physical and spiritual journey into the underworld with Virgil as his guide and mentor. The journey from darkness into light is an allegory full of symbolism, much like that of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, which shows a philosopher’s journey towards truth. Therefore, Dante would also agree with the maxim, “Wise men learn by others’ harms; fools scarcely by their own,” because on the road to gaining knowledge and spiritual enlightenment, characters who learn valuable lessons from the misfortunes of others strengthen their own paradigms. Nonetheless, the only true way to gain knowledge is to experience it first hand. Dante’s character finds truth by way of his own personal quest.
Dante was born in 1256 in Florence. He was a creative writer and a philosopher. He was a powerful thinker; familiar with the Aristotelian reasoning, philosophy, theology, and literature thus it all inspired his writing. It was revealed through Dante's writing, his love for Beatrice whom he met at age 9; her love had inspired most of his writing especially his love poems. However, his family choose another woman for him, although he still was in love with Beatrice. After Beatrice's unexpected death, he wrote (The New Life) that depicts his love for her. Then, Dante became involved in Florence's politics and held many important public positions at the time of Italy's chaotic politics. During that time, Dante was an ally with the Guelfs who competed with Ghibellines over the control of Florence. As a result, In the year of 1302, Dante was exiled from Florence. Although Dante was very passionate about his love to Italy and its politics, after his exile, he never returned to Florence. He, nevertheless, served as a diviner of the world's most important empire as a poet whose poems are inflamed by Beatrice's love, and as an intellectual whose goal was to raise the public discourse transmitting his knowledge through writing. In the mean while, Dante held a grudge against Pope Boniface because of his inability to bring stability to Italy during its rough times. Dante traveled through several cities in Italy, and resided in the city of Ravenna at last where her completed "Paradiso" the last of three sections, "Inferno, Purgatorio, and Pardiso of The Devine Comedy." He died there in 1321. (the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). The Divine Comedy is considered one of the most important works of Italian literature and the gre...
Inferno is the first and most famous of a three part series by Dante Alighieri known as the Divine Comedy that describes his journey to God through the levels of Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise written in the early fourteenth century. Scholars spanning over nearly seven centuries have praised its beauty and complexity, unmatched by any other medieval poem. Patrick Hunt’s review, “On the Inferno,” states, “Dante’s extensive use of symbolism and prolific use of allegory— even in incredible anatomical detail—have been often plumbed as scholars have explored the gamut of his work’s classical, biblical, historical, and contemporary political significance” (9). In the story, each of the three main characters, Dante, Virgil, and Beatrice, represent
Dante Alighieri's The Inferno is a poem written in first person that tells a story of Dante’s journey through the nine circles of Hell after he strays from the rightful path. Each circle of Hell contains sinners who have committed different sins during their lifetime and are punished based on the severity of their sins. When taking into the beliefs and moral teachings of the Catholic Church into consideration, these punishments seem especially unfair and extreme.
Nur Al-din played an instrumental role in uniting the Muslim world for the first time since the arrival of the Crusaders through the use of jihad as a powerful tool and driving force behind the Muslim recovery. Nur Al-din used jihad to rally the fractured Muslim world, revitalize and heal it, and gain for himself political power and legitimacy. Although his career as a military leader of jihad was less noteworthy to Muslim chroniclers, Nur Al-din made tremendous contributions to the Muslim world both in the religious and military arenas.
A sin can be judged as easily as right or wrong, but when it comes to the sinner belonging to either the just or malicious category, the judgement becomes less clear due to the idea that one who commits a sin can still be a virtuous being. The perception of a sinner is not as easy as black and white, for whoever is judging the sinner has gone through different life experiences. This fundamental concept of the sin and sinner is demonstrated in the epic The Inferno by Dante Alighieri. The author is known for his deep love he has for his country Florence and how he lived there during a time of corruption with several political rivals. It was after he was exiled from the city on false accusations that he wrote this famous piece of work. The Inferno
... of the characters portrayed in his epic poem shine light to the biased nature of his judgment. With Francesca, loving too much was what she was condemned for. Dante completely overlooks the elements of her sin that included those belonging to the ninth circle of hell: the circle of treachery. By kissing the man that was not her husband, Francesca not betrayed her husband but also her marriage. On the other hand, Pope Boniface VIII was predicted to receive condemnation for a severe sin versus a lesser sin while he was still alive. Dante’s damnation of souls in the Inferno may be based on their sins, but the placement of the sinner’s soul once in hell was somewhat skewed by Dante’s opinion of them. Dante’s Inferno does not portray god’s justice purely. It is in Dante’s humanistic feeling of emotion that make this Dante’s hell instead of a purely supernatural version.
Those in which Sir Syed gives off an impression of being special. They relate for the most part to his Tafseer of the Holy Quran.