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Description of case study
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Unrelated.
The claimant is a 25-year-old female who was injured in an industrial-related incident on 01/23/16. She presented with a work-related low back pain associated with a right lower extremity radiculopathy. The request is for Methyprednisolone. However, .there was no mention that the claimant had inflammation. Further, this medication was not part of her medication regimen nor part of the treatment plan. Also, as per cited guidelines, oral corticosteroids are “not recommended for chronic pain.
This medication was not being prescribed for the treatment related to the work injury.
Discontinue.
The claimant is a 25-year-old female who was injured in an industrial-related incident on 01/23/16. She presented with a work-related low back pain associated with a right lower extremity radiculopathy. The current medications included Naproxen. According to the guidelines, NSAIDs are “recommended at the lowest dose for the shortest period of time. However, the exact date of prescription was not delineated.
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Gradual weaning prior to discontinuation.
The claimant is a 25-year-old female who was injured in an industrial-related incident on 01/23/16. She presented with a work-related low back pain associated with a right lower extremity radiculopathy. Her review of systems revealed muscle aches described as burning and stabbing. Her current medications included Methocarbamol. However, the submitted report only revealed mild discomfort. Since there was no documented exacerbation of low back symptoms, the continued use of this muscle relaxant is not supported. Recommend gradual weaning prior to discontinuation of Methocarbamol 500 mg.
Continue.
In this case, the claimant presented with a work-related low back pain associated with a right lower extremity radiculopathy. It was mentioned that Lyrica has not improved her radicular symptoms. As such, Lyrica was changed to Gabapentin to further address ongoing neuropathic
warm) in the left upper and lower extremities; decreased strength and movement of the right upper and lower extremities and of the left abdominal muscles; lack of triceps and biceps reflexes in the right upper extremity; atypical response of patellar, Achilles (hyper) reflexes in the right lower extremity; abnormal cremasteric reflex in the right groin; fracture in cervical vertebrae #7; and significant swelling in the C7-T12 region of the spinal canal (Signs and symptoms, n.d.). The objective complaint of a severe headache could also be consistent with a spinal cord injury (Headache, nausea, and vomiting,
This module of study has focused on many aspects of human health, anatomy, and the disease process. It has included such topics as the human organ systems, the mechanism of disease and the resulting disruption of homeostasis, the integumentary system, and the musculoskeletal system. The following case studies explore how burn classification will affect treatment, how joint injuries can disrupt mobility, and last, how a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to a decline in a person’s health status. The importance of understanding disease and knowing when to seek treatment is the first step toward enjoying a balanced and healthy life.
Based on the initial pain medicine evaluation report dated 06/22/15, the patient complains of constant neck pain which radiates down to the bilateral upper extremity, fingers and hands. Pain is accompanied by intermittent tingling and numbness in the bilateral upper extremities to the level of the fingers and muscle weakness. The neck pain is associated with occipital, temporal and frontal headaches and muscle spasms in the neck area. The patient describes the pain as aching, burning, pins and needles, sharp, and stabbing. The pain is aggravated by activity, flexion/extension, prolonged sitting, pulling, pushing, repetitive head motions and standing. She also reports severe difficulty in sleep.
In the United States 54 million people have a disability and only 15 percent were born with a disability (Jaeger & Bowman, 2005). If a person lives long enough, it is statistically likely that they will develop some kind of disability in their advancing years (Jaeger & Bowman, 2005). At some point in your life you could have experience a fractured bone, a minor cut, or had some type of surgery. Imagine after some minor injury that you may not even remember and then experiencing a constant pain so agonizing that no amount of pain medication can make you comfortable (Lang & Moskovitz, 2003). Some additional symptoms that you may also experience are severe burning pain, changes in bone and skin, excessive sweating, tissue swelling and extreme sensitivity to touch (Juris, 2005). These symptoms are associated with a disease that is called Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) but more recently termed as complex regional pain syndrome, type 1 (CRPS 1) (Juris, 2005). For simplification purposes this disease will be referred to as RSD throughout this paper.
L. H. a 22-year-old female who came into the clinic as a new patient complaining of lower back pain. Vital signs include: height 62 inches, weight 108 lbs., and 16 respirations. The patient stated that her back pain has gone on for quite sometime now (about 2 years total). She works as a nursing assistant in a nursing home in Wahoo. The physician stated that he wanted to taper her off tramadol (she takes 150 mg a day). He also wants to taper her off Effexor as well. The doctor noticed that the painful region was in the patient’s upper left side of her back. He recommended to the patient that L1 to L2 and L2 to L3 facets would benefit from steroid injections. The patient and her mother wanted to make sure they met their
Harvey Simon, MD, and David Zieve, MD (2012, May 3). Back Pain and Sciatica. Retrieved
A hypothesis that can be made from the patient’s report is that she is suffering from cervical radiculopathy, or a nerve root lesion. Symptoms that describe cervical radiculopathy include: arm pain in a dermatome distribution, pain increased by extension, rotation, and/or side flexion, possible relief of pain from arm positioned overhead, affected sensation, altered hand function, no spasticity, and no change to gait or bowel and bladder function (Magee, 2008, p. 142). These symptoms correlate to what the patient reported as a result of her injury. She stated that her pain is in the posterolateral upper and lower arm with aching and paresthesia in the thumb and index finger, which is in the dermatome pattern of cervical root 5 and 6 (C5, C6) (Magee, 2008, p. 25). She also reports lancinating pain with extension or rotation to the right of her head.
DOI: 4/24/2013. This is a case of a 59-year-old female customer service representative who sustained injury to her left ankle when she got up after her foot “fell asleep”. As per OMNI notes, patient underwent ligament reconstruction with Brostrom repair on 1/16/2014 and left knee arthroscopy on 10/8/2014. As per office notes dated 6/21/16, the patient returns for interval followup visit. The patient has been working more and is explaining to me that she is having exacerbation of symptoms. The patient admits to increasing neuropathic pain secondary to complex regional pain syndrome. It was mention that the patient has been on Topamax and tramadol which allow the patient to get some improvement. She admits 40% improvement in the pain and she also
A visit note from Masahisa Amano, MD (Family Medicine), dated 11/03/2017, indicated that the claimant presented for a post ER follow-up visit with a sharp pain in the back radiating down to his right hip/leg. He stated that Ibuprofen and Cyclobenzaprine provided minimal relief. His blood pressure was 132/79. He was diagnosed with a back pain and abnormal liver function tests. A repeat of lab tests was recommended.
He said that Mr. Rasak is a high-risk surgery candidate. He fears that with his heart, edema to the extremity that he is at high risk for a surgery not healing and risking an amputation. He would not recommend any surgery. He said that he has another injection that also included Toradol that may help to give him more relief for a longer period of time. He can have the injections every 3 to 4 months. He also told Mr. Rasak that he is leaving the practice moving to another State so another physician in the practice who specializes in ankles will take over his care. We also discussed the possibility that he may be helped with the pain with some other medications such as Mobic. He was told to speak with his primary care provider since he knows his history and all of the medications he takes. In the meantime, he can take Tylenol Arthritis. The injection was performed at the office and a new
Voci’s physician assistant for a lengthy appointment. The recent EMG of the upper extremities showed mild carpal tunnel to the right hand, there was no radiculopathy from the cervical spine, the EMG of the lower extremities was normal with any radiculopathy of the lower extremities. The VNG for vertigo was negative. A recent MRI of the lumbar spine showed bulges at L3/L4, narrowing, bulges at L4/5, L5/Si. Ms. Tocco again expressed how helpless she feels with her pain, balance, migraines, and jaw pain. It has affected her whole life. She has a lot of anxiety related to her current continued symptoms. She said Dr. Morelli wants her to have some epidural injection, but also told her she would need to have another cervical spine surgery to repair the damage from the original repair not healing. In the meantime, medications are being changed to try and get the migraines under control, Cambia and Maxalt will be tried. She can take a Norco at twice a day and will continue with the Cyclobenzaprine. We talked about the recommendation by the physical therapist to try therapeutic massage. We obtained a
DOI: 8/19/2008. The patient is a 64-year old male stock driver who sustained a work-related injury due to stress of employment. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with Degenerative Disc Disease lumbar spine, radiculopathy. As per office notes dated 01/12/2016 revealed that the patient complains of worsening lower back pain. He is having difficulty bending to the right which causes a little more pain. He has been taking Norco 10/325mg approximately three to four times a day. He has great difficulty with range of motion of the lower back. Movements such as rotation, as well as flexion and extension do cause some pain and discomfort. Pain can be sharp or dull at times. In addition, the patient reports that pain radiates
Heat wrap application plus NSAID compared with NSAID alone was found to be more effective than NSAID alone at reducing pain (McIntosh & Hall, 2009 ). Not only does heat therapy improve pain in low acute back pain, but evidence has also shown that heat therapy may be more effective at improving patient disability when compared to NSAIDs alone (McIntosh & Hall, 2009). The AHCPR guidelines found that NSAIDs have a number of potential side effects, with the most frequent gastrointestinal irritation. They recommend the decision to use these medications be guided by comorbidity, side effects, cost, and patient and provider preference ( McIntosh & Hall,
Lower back pain affects around 15% and 45% of the general American population (Schoenfeld). There are several conditions that can create lower back pain and sensory symptoms. Typically conditions cause is degeneration of disk, compression of nerves and/or arteries, or bony formation/ inflammation. One of the most common lower back condition is Spondylosis, degeneration of intervertebral disk and is often paired with Spondylitis which creates inflammation of the joints of the spine. It is important to note conditions can create other issues such as referred pain and compensations. Thoracic outlet syndrome causes neurological complications and referred pain in other structures. Sometimes there is underlying compensations which are not found secondary to other conditions, an example of this is Vertebral
One of the latest problems facing health personnel is that of severe and long-lasting pain which mostly affects the elderly in the developed nations across the world. These problems faced by medical professionals are quite specific and generally involve taking care of patients who are difficult to treat due to intense suffering from pain. Pain necessitating treatment ranges in cause from cancer, multiple-sclerosis, neuropathic, pancreatitis, pain from previous injury and many others. In most cases, these conditions are only mildly mitigated by conventional treatments that include opiates, non-opioid pain relievers, and antidepressants. External pain management (such as TENS units, ice, and heat) also fail to provide adequate relief. America