United States Foreign Policy DBQ

United States Foreign Policy DbQ

During the "Roaring Twenties" people were living up to the modern standards of society. Then the Great Depression began and the joy and excitement disappeared and tension manifested. In the time period of 1920-1941 America experienced major global events that occurred in extremely short rapid intervals of time. From the end of World War I in 1918 to the Roaring Twenties, straight to the Great Depression in 1929, into the beginning of World War II in 1939, and all the way to the horror of the Pearl Harbor attack in 1941, America faced these occurrences with difficulty and confusion. But with the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, quick and immediate responses were made to stabilize America. Among his responses

Prior to this event, America was still divided over whether or not to participate. Even as the Rape of Nanking, one of the most infamous war crimes committed by the Japanese, became known to the public, Americans were reluctant to intervene in foreign affairs (Document D). After the United States placed an oil embargo on Japan for invading Manchuria, the desperate Japanese shocked the nation by bombing Pearl Harbor on the “day that will live in infamy” on December 7, 1941. This was the final act that instigated the American entrance into the war on December 8, 1941. Although previous incidents could be considered negligible, the bombing of Pearl Harbor directly affected the Americans and created a full consensus to intervene in the war. However, this decision was seemed inevitable; America was already so economically and politically influential in the world stage that America would have to get involved in this global crisis sooner or later (Document C). The great economic and political influence America had, accompanied by the growing financial support to Allies hinted towards support for the more democratic countries, but after the aggressive Japanese attack, America was finally unified and internationally proclaimed its decision to abandon isolationism for full

The 1940 elections showed that both the Republicans and Democrats supported building up strong the navy and air forces as means of upholding the 1823 Monroe Doctrine, which stated that any European colonization of North or South America would be considered an act of aggression (Document E). Although neither American party was in full favor of the involvement in the war at this time, both advocated military defense so that America would not be completely helpless in a potential international conflict. The build-up of the military for defensive shows how the US slowly moved away from an isolationist approach to foreign affairs. Roosevelt also contributed to pulling America out of isolationism by consenting to the 1940 Destroyer Deal, which promised to give Great Britain 50 destroyer vessels in exchange for British bases in North America. This, however, was done without permission from Congress (Source F). It showed America’s shifting perspective on the war. Although America was not officially in the war, its actions seemed to indicate an indirect retaliation against the Axis powers by militarily supporting the Allies. Not only was the United States building up its defense to be better prepared in case it did have to go to war, but, in addition to other policies that provided aid to Allies, such as the 1939 Cash and Carry Policy and the 1941