Understanding About the Homogeneous Precipitation
Synthesis and thermal analysis of the group 2(IIA) metal oxalate
hydrates
Objective :
1. To run the synthesis of calcium oxalate via the precipitate from
solution containing calcium ion and oxalate ion.
2. To do a thermo gravimetric analysis on calcium oxalate.
3. Understand and practice the method of homogeneous precipitation
through this experiment.
Introduction
Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) is one of the common analytical
thermal analysis techniques that widely use to determine the thermal
profile and stability of compound. This is rather important in the
industry. When the thermal profile of certain substance was know, it
can be produce in large quantity by an accurate reaction with the
lowest cost. With the TGA techniques, a sample of material is being
heated, while the sample mass is recorded as a function of
temperature. By doing so, the composition of the material is analyzed,
both qualitatively (which components are present in the material) and
qualitatively (how much of these components is present).
In this experiment, synthesis and thermo gravimetric analysis of
calcium oxalate has been carried out. Synthesis of calcium oxalate was
done by the reaction between calcium ions and oxalate ion:
Ca2+(aq) + C2O42-(aq) arrow CaC2O4(s)
In which prepared via precipitation from solution at about pH 5 called
homogeneous precipitation. Since calcium oxalate is an oxalic acid, it
dissolve in acidic solution, to make the calcium oxalate form
precipitate, the solution was adjust to more basic by addition of
ammonia, but this is not done by adding the ammonia solution directly
into the solution. Conversely, make the ammonia forms slowly within
the solution through the reaction of hydrolysis of urea:
(H2N)2C=O + H2O arrow 2NH3 + CO2
Urea is a suitable compound in this reaction because it can decomposed
easily to form ammonia.During the experiment, the solution was heated
after urea has been added in, this is to increase the degree of
hydrolysis of urea and therefore increase the formation of ammonia.
The purpose for this lab was to use aluminum from a soda can to form a chemical compound known as hydrated potassium aluminum sulfate. In the lab aluminum waste were dissolved in KOH or potassium sulfide to form a complex alum. The solution was then filtered through gravity filtration to remove any solid material. 25 mLs of sulfuric acid was then added while gently boiling the solution resulting in crystals forming after cooling in an ice bath. The product was then collected and filter through vacuum filtration. Lastly, crystals were collected and weighed on a scale.
The purpose of the Unknown White Compound Lab was to identify the unknown compound by performing several experiments. Conducting a solubility test, flame test, pH paper test, ion test, pH probe test, conductivity probe test, and synthesizing the compound will accurately identified the unknown compound. In order to narrow down the possible compounds, the solubility test was used to determine that the compound was soluble in water. Next, the flame test was used to compare the unknown compound to other known compounds such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and calcium carbonate. The flame test concluded that the cation in the unknown compound was potassium. Following, pH paper was used to determine the compound to be neutral and slightly
Procedure: Anisole (0.35mL, 0.0378mol) was obtained and placed in a pre-weighed 25 mL round bottom flask, along with 2.5 mL of glacial acetic acid and a magnetic stir bar. Then the reaction apparatus was assembled, the dry tube was charged with conc. sodium bi sulfate, the 25 mL round bottom was attached to the apparatus, and 5 mL of Br2/HBr mixture was obtained and placed in the round bottom. The reaction took place for 20 minutes. An orange liquid was obtained and placed in a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask along with 25 mL of water and 2.5 mL of conc. Sodium bisulfate soln. The solution was then placed in an ice bath to precipitate and then the solid product was filter in a Buchner funnel. These crystals were then re-dissolved minimum amount of hot solvent (heptane) and recrystallized. Once a dry product was obtained, a melting point was established (2,4-Dibromoanisol mp 55-58 C) and percent yield was established (52%).
I believe that threw out the most dangerous game rainsford changed very bases on the difference between how he acts at the start and in the finish. One of the main evidence that rainsford changed is at the beginning when rainsford was talking to zaroff about what how he was hunting people rainsford said “Thank you, I’m a hunter, not a murderer.”. Then he proceeds to kill 2 people once on purpose and one by mistake. At the beginning he is discussed with zaroff for hunting people, but near the end when rainsford could have just left he went out of his way to go back and kill zaroff.
In the book How To Read Literature Like A Professor. Chapter Ten called “It’s More Than Just Rain or Snow” helps bring the specific scene at the end of the The Grapes Of Wrath into a better and deeper understanding. The specific scene from The Grapes Of Wrath occurs at the end of the novel in Chapter 30 where it is shown by a sprinkle of rain beginning to fall and Pa carrying the left arm of Rose Of Sharon and Ma her right. The sky soon becomes black and the rainfall begins to increase as Ma, Pa, Rose of Sharon, Ruthie, Winfield, and Uncle John make there way to somewhere dry. As they walk on Ma examines the farmland and spots a blot of a barn on a tiny hill and they all end up hurrying to the barn with Ma and Pa partly pulling Rose of Sharon
In the thought provoking short story "August 2026: There will come soft rains", composed by Ray Bradbury, Sci-Fi conventions such as technological advancements, have been clearly recognised as being able to manifest itself in both positive and negative ways. The text while essentially recounting a typical day in the year 2026, subtly intorduces the destruction caused by the dropping of a nuclear bomb, whilst at the same time highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of technology on everyday households in the future.
The crystal structure (II) is found to be disordered tetragonal, space group P4͞ 21m, a = 5.7193 , c = 4.9326 A0,,Z=2 . The phase (IV) of AN is stable between the temperature -18 and 32.30C. It belongs to the orthorhombic structure with space group Pmmn. It has a coordination number of two. The IV-III transition take place at near temperature about 32 0C. it causes swelling, caking and particle deterioration of stored ammonium nitrate. The IV-III transition only occurs when moisture is present and this transition takes place by the dissolution and recrystallization of the solid . During recystallization process salt bridges are formed between the crystallites. This phase transition is followed by a volume change. It also leads to the ...
Have you ever wondered why little rain can cause drastic floods? Why rainwater doesn't just stay in one place, it goes with the force of gravity? If you have, you’ve thought about a cycle called runoff. Runoff can be negative and positive. It can cause floods, or water your crops.
Weather in a novel or film can set the tone for the whole experience. In the film The Shawshank Redemption, Andy Dufresne is a prisoner in the Shawshank state penitentiary serving life sentences for murder. During the film he helps people out in any way he possibly can. By the end of the film he escapes from prison through the sewage system and finds himself outside the walls of the prison in the middle of a storm. He rips off his uniform and stands in the rain. The rain symbolizes his escape and new life ahead of him as long as he is free. The rain cleanses Andy of his experiences in jail and helps him regain the strength to push through and live a free life.
Specific heat capacity of aqueous solution (taken as water = 4.18 J.g-1.K-1). T = Temperature change (oK). We can thus determine the enthalpy changes of reaction 1 and reaction 2 using the mean (14) of the data obtained. Reaction 1: H = 50 x 4.18 x -2.12.
One of the many values I have personally seen and experienced growing up is spirituality. In the books we have read in class about the Native American culture, I can confidently say this value connects to everything as well. In a way to Rainy Mountain, N Scott Momaday was attempting to reunite himself with his Kiowa heritage. Ever since I was a very little girl, I have taken part in many things, as a christian, we are encouraged to do. One thing being baptized. You do it in obedience and having pride and love for God. Momaday’s grandmother showed interest in doing the Sun Dances her culture did. “As a child she had been to Sun Dances; she had taken part in those annual rites, and by them she had learned the restoration of her people.” You
The law exists to protect the people and their rights. Laws are also made to provide security to the people, but what happens when that same law grants you the right to kill? The same law that protects can also become your enemy that plays with human morality. In today’s society, we can clearly see the laws affecting and changing human morality regarding the killing of other human beings in war. In the story, The Gentle Rain, the story evolves a pilot who claimed he had the right to kill because he was a soldier at war. He felt inferior to the others because of this. As he flew over a town that was labeled an enemy, his ego altered. He even compared himself to God. He had the ability to either be merciless and kill anyone at sight, or have compassion and have spare lives. The pilot felt that he was doing nothing wrong when feeling superior to others. To him, he was just a soldier following orders.
In our experiment we utilized the hydrate cobaltous chloride. Hydrates are crystalline compounds in which one or more molecules of water are combined with each unit of a salt. Cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate is an inorganic compound which is a deep rose color in its hydrated form. As an inducer of
Our task was to investigate what the optimum ratio of solute to solvent that will produce the maximum cooling/heating effect?
I will not add a catalyst to my solution and I will not stir my solution. · I will use 25cm3 of hydrochloric acid. · I will use 1g of calcium carbonate.