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Trisomie 21
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In any woman’s life having a child is a very emotional and scary thing. Depending on the age of the woman many questions may arise about how the fetus that is growing inside her will develop. With increase in age come many complications that would not normally affect a child-baring woman that was younger. Such complications include Downs Syndrome, complications that affect the growth and development of the fetus or child, and a defect that I just learned about that is called Trisomy 13. If you were able to ask any expected mother or parents about what they would want the most as far as their baby goes they would probably say that they just want to make sure that their child is health. Our job as healthcare providers is to make sure that our
patients understand when something is wrong and the complications that can happen in a pregnancy. A complication of pregnancy that would require further education is called Congenital Microcephaly. Characteristics Congenital Microcephaly is characterized by suggesting that the brain volume is smaller than average and constitutes an important risk factor for developmental delay and subsequent retardation. (Harris, 2013) Children with this abnormality are associated with preterm labor, (IUGR) intrauterine growth retardation, respiratory distress syndrome, and brain hemorrhage (Harris, 2013) Even though half of the children that have Congenital Microcephaly have mental retardation the other half of children with it have normal intelligence and growth and development. (Harris, 2013) Testing So based on the current healthcare we are obligated to inform our patients about what complications can arise in a pregnancy and what kind of complications can come about in the growth and development of your child after delivery. There are a number of tools used to diagnose the condition of congenital microcephaly, which includes the Bayley-II Motor scale, developmental assessment summary, and Harris Infant Neuromotor Test. All geared to diagnosing and assessing what is going on with a child who may have congenital microcephaly. Conclusion In conclusion, many different complications can plague a pregnancy and they growth and development of a child afterwards. It is our jobs as healthcare workers to explain to the parents what they need to know about their child’s condition and how to manage it as well. If you understand the disease or diagnosis then it will be easier to cope with day-to-day life afterwards.
They believe the only issue is with the fertility clinic not doing their part in creating a sound environment that is geared developing a child not money centered. The third author’s outlook lead more towards providing counseling as a direction for the couple’s situation. They believe that its necessary to seek outside help to provide guidance on handling this matter. The stress, tension, and uncertainty that is arising in the individuals that are involves needs a middle man of a professional background to give insight them on how to handle these matters. The last author displayed his opinion as focuses more on incorporating all parties in the process of child birth. The author believes that everyone should not only consider the importance it has on one’s self, on the unborn, and
Twin studies have been used to distinguish between genetic and environmental factors for many disorders in the general population including ectodermal dysplasia, Ellis-van Creveld, and anencephaly. This review focuses on genetic disorders affecting monozygotic, dizygotic, and conjoined twins to gain a better understanding of them. Many studies focus on twins because they have a nearly identical genome, which eliminates environmental factors. In case studies, the concordance rates in monozygotic twins have supported that certain disorders were caused by genetics and not the environment. The discordant values in twins will also be evaluated briefly. Twinning studies have also shown linkages between specific disorders and the genes responsible for them. Knowing the location of these genes allows patients to be treated quickly and efficiently. This paper will discuss the possible causes of twinning and the various methods of identifying abnormalities in twins. These methods also allow preventive measures against the rise of birth defects during prenatal development. Epigenetics in twins is also viewed through the perspective of effects on them. Treatments for genetic disorders in twins are reviewed, ranging from the restoration of malformed teeth to the separation of conjoined twins. Support groups for twins in treatment, and their families are also briefly reviewed.
To choose for their children, the world’s wealthy class will soon have options such as tall, pretty, athletic, intelligent, blue eyes, and blonde hair. Occasionally referred to as similar to “the eugenics of Hitler’s Third Reich” (“Designer Babies” n.p.), the new genetics technology is causing differences in people’s opinions, despite altering DNA before implantation is “just around the corner.” (Thadani n.p.). A recent advance in genetically altering embryos coined “designer babies” produces controversy about the morality of this process.
...h at the idea of carrying a new life, as well as saving an older life-when aspects of her maternity give life.
Two-thirds of infants die during the first month of life due to low birth weight (Lia-Hoagberg et al, 1990). One reason for this outcome is primarily due to difficulties in accessing prenatal care. Prenatal health care encompasses the health of women in both pre and post childbearing years and provides the support for a healthy lifestyle for the mother and fetus and/or infant. This form of care plays an important role in the prevention of poor birth outcomes, such as prematurity, low birth weight and infant mortality, where education, risk assessment, treatment of complications, and monitoring of fetus development are vital (McKenzie, Pinger,& Kotecki, 2012). Although every woman is recommended to receive prenatal health care, low-income and disadvantaged minority women do not seek care due to structural and individual barriers.
There are many possible reasons why a child may grow slowly, including: hereditary factors (short parents), diseases affecting the kidneys; heart, lungs or intestines; hormone imbalances; severe stress or emotional deprivation; infections in the womb before birth; bone diseases; and genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. The Turner Syndrome (known as Ullrich-Turner Syndrome in Germany) is a congenital disease. A German doctor named Ullrich published his article in 1930. American doctor Henry Turner recognized a pattern of short stature and incomplete sexual maturation in otherwise normal females.
Statistics show the impact that preemies are causing as the rate of preterm birth increases every day. Any part of the world is affected no matter how advanced they are in technology. “One of every eight infants born in the United States is premature babies” (Medline Plus). These statistics are extremely high, however people can change it by getting involved in the community and helping preemies have a less chance to lose in their battle for life. In 2003; 499,008 infants were born prematurely (National Center for Health Statistics). The rates of preterm births have increased over the years. "In 1995: 11.0% of live births were born preterm, In 2006: 12.8% of live births were born preterm"(March of Dimes-Peristats). As the numbers keep increasing, many families are suffering and losing hope for they’re babies. African American women have the highest rate of preterm birth in 2004 with a 17.6% (Reedy, 2007). These statistics demonstrate the high frequenc...
Life begins with conception for both humans and animals. Not all women are able to conceive or carry a child to full terms. There are some women who want to be pregnant and cannot for some reason or another and then there are some that do not want to get pregnant, but end up pregnant. I have been asked or heard other people asked the question, so what do you want to have, a girl or a boy? The majority of the answer I receive or have said myself is, “It does not matter as long as the baby is healthy.” That answer is fine and all, but what if you find out that your baby will have Down syndrome? Will you abort the baby? Abortion in the United States today is a sensitive subject for a lot of people. Each year in the U.S. 1.1 million abortions take place. Nearly 1 in 4 (22%) of pregnancies end in abortion. 50% of women now seeking abortion have at least one previous abortion.
According to Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, “In the United States, nearly thirteen percent of babies are born preterm, and many of these babies also have a low birth weight.” The baby may be put into the NICU for varies reasons. However, the most common reason that a child is put into the NICU is because he or she is premature. Premature means the baby was born before the 36 weeks. It is never good for a baby to be born early, as this could mean that the baby is not fully developed. There are other factors as to why a child may need to be put into the NICU after birth. For instance, birth defects can be the cause of why a baby is put into the NICU. A baby may be born with an infection such as herpes or chlamydia which can damage the newborns immune system at such a young age. Low blood sugar or hypoglycemia can also cause an infant to be put into the NICU. Some maternal factors of why a baby may be put into the NICU is if the mother is “younger than 16 or older than 40.” If the parent may be an alcoholic or expose the baby to drugs, this can put the child into NICU care. If the parent has an STD or sexual transmitted disease, the baby is most likely going to have to be put into the intensive care unit. “Twins, triplets, and other multiples are often admitted into the NICU, as they tend to be born earlier and s...
Some fetuses are proven to have a genetic abnormality. There are many cases where the fetus is said to be born with unhealthy; down syndrome, cancer, disability, and many other uncommon cases. “An ultrasound report suggests about the physical development of the fetus. During the early months of pregnancy, many things can go wrong as a new baby starts developing. The cells are multiplying at a very fast rate that can cause some complex interactions between newly formed body parts. Such interactions may cause serious defect to the child and may also invite complications in pregnancy.” There are other tests such as amniocentesis, which are performed between 14 – 20 weeks. This test detects a variety of chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders. Women and their husbands should have the right to be able to decide whether they are capable of raising their children with serious conditions or not. It could be very tough financially, emotionally, and physically. Financially speaking if the child is mentally or physically ill, the parents would have to make a certain budget plan since they need extra care. Disabled kids take more time to be potty trained, and some unfortunately aren’t able at all so that would result in a life time budget of diapers. Others may require physical, speech, and occupational therapy. Some families aren’t able to afford
Pregnancy can be an exciting and sometimes frightening experience for many women. It was a snowy Sunday afternoon, and I was not feeling very well. I remember all week long, every morning I felt nauseated. I was craving odd foods, and foods I normally would not eat together. I was on the phone with my best friend explaining to her how I was feeling. She said “It sounds like you are pregnant.” That thought never even crossed my mind until that moment. Sure enough she was right, I was pregnant for the first time. I was excited to have a baby and never realized how many emotions or complications can take place during a pregnancy. Everybody that I knew that had babies, had such wonderful experiences. Unfortunately, this happy moment became such a monumental, emotional and stressful time in my life. During my pregnancy, I went through many emotional experiences from almost losing my child, to the uncertainty of a birth defect and early delivery.
There are many different areas to consider when preparing for and having a newborn. Whether the pregnancy was planned or unplanned or the couple is married or not, a newborn baby brings new responsibilities. Having a baby also forces people to make adjustments both financially and within the family. Parents also express concerns and expectations when having a newborn comma especially when it is their first; including what roles each parent and family member should play, how much confidence they have in their parenting skills, and how much financial strain would be placed on the family once the newborn has arrived. The newest issue in today’s society is the fact that many women are delaying childbirth and having more children in their later years of life.
A controversy about whether surrogacy is a wonderful or dreadful decision when it comes to building a family has become a debatable topic over the years. Success rates in surrogacy are going up. “With success rates as high as 60 percent and with implantation methods getting better every day…” (Gailie). Surrogacy gives a big opportunity for someone to have a child but cannot because of some issues. Having a surrogate can have a positive effect on the child`s and the child mother. The surrogate can continue to communicate with the child’s mother every day about what is going on through the pregnancy. This topic will forever be an on-going debate because people in general will always look at the bad things that come with surrogacy such
This journal was useful for me because it gave me the background details on why women are opting for delayed motherhood by the age of 30 or 40. Accordingly, I was able to build up my points on how it will affect the health conditions of both baby and mother and also the risk of taking that challenge.
stable financial income, moral support, and normally conceicement of the fetus was in a loving, safe, and calm environment.